Tulisan ini menganalisis cakupan kewajiban penyelenggaraan sistem elektronik secara aman terhadap AI berdasarkan ketentuan UU ITE. Tulisan ini disusun dengan menggunakan metode penelitian doktrinal. AI karena secara konstruksi sistemnya termasuk pada sistem elektronik. Saat ini, Indonesia belum memiliki regulasi yang spesifik mengatur mengenai AI, sehingga ketentuan mengenai keamanan AI juga merujuk kembali pada ketentuan keamanan sistem elektronik. Berbeda dengan Uni Eropa yang telah meregulasi sistem AI dan juga keamanan sistem AI melalui EU AI Act. Uni Eropa telah mengatur mengenai apa yang dimaksud dengan sistem AI dan subjek-subjek hukum terkait AI, seperti AI provider, AI deployer, dan AI office, serta satu ketentuan pengujian, yaitu testing in real-world conditions. Dalam konstruksinya AI sebagai sistem elektronik, hal tersebut merupakan solusi hukum di Indonesia yang dapat digunakan untuk menjamin keamanan sistem AI. Akan tetapi, definisi sistem elektronik dalam Pasal 1 angka 5 UU ITE belum mencakup sistem AI secara penuh. Pendefinisian AI di Indonesia masih merujuk pada suatu sistem prosedur elektronik dan tidak merujuk tentang kemampuan AI dalam beroperasi. Perbandingan kewajiban para subjek hukum terkait keamanan telah terlihat dari subjek hukum yang telah didefinisikan secara jelas di Uni Eropa. Kewajiban berdasarkan kontribusi atas sistem AI atas risiko dan modelnya, sehingga dibebankan lebih banyak kepada AI provider dan AI deployer yang termasuk dalam subjek yang mengoperasikan sistem AI. EU AI Act yang memfasilitasi pengujian sistem AI melalui testing in real-world conditions belum diadopsi dalam sistem hukum Indonesia. Belum adanya dukungan regulasi yang memadai untuk tahap pengujian sistem AI di Indonesia, tetapi terdapat ketentuan uji kelaikan yang memiliki kemiripan terbatas dengan konsep testing in real-world conditions.

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This paper analyzes the scope of obligations to operate electronic system securely with regard to AI based on the provisions of the ITE Law. This paper employs doctrinal legal research. AI is included in electronic system due to its structural design. Currently, Indonesia does not have specific regulations governing AI, so provisions regarding AI security also refer back to provisions on electronic system security. This contrasts with the European Union, which has regulated AI system and AI system security through the EU AI Act. The EU has defined what constitutes an AI system and the legal entities related to AI, such as AI providers, AI deployers, and AI offices, as well as a testing requirement, namely testing in real-world conditions. Given that AI is constructed as an electronic system, this could serve as a legal solution in Indonesia to ensure AI system security. However, the definition of electronic system in Article 1(5) of the ITE Law does not fully encompass AI system. The definition of AI in Indonesia still refers to an electronic procedure system and does not address AI's operational capabilities. A comparison of the obligations of legal entities related to security is evident from the clearly defined legal entities in the European Union. Obligations based on contributions to AI system in terms of risk and models are therefore placed more heavily on AI providers and AI deployers who are included in the subjects operating AI system. The EU AI Act, which facilitates the testing of AI system through testing in real-world conditions, has not yet been adopted in the Indonesian legal system. There is currently no adequate regulatory support for the testing phase of AI system in Indonesia, but there are provisions for suitability testing that have limited similarities with the concept of testing in real-world conditions.