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"Lingkar pinggang merupakan salah satu pengukuran antropometri yang digunakan sebagai ukuran sederhana untuk mengetahui adanya penumpukkan lemak viseral tubuh. Ukuran lingkar pinggang yang melebihi cut-off (≥80 cm pada perempuan dan ≥90 cm pada laki-laki), dan hipertensi dikenal sebagai sindrom metabolik dan dapat mengakibatkan kondisi yang kronis. Di Indonesia, prevalensi penderita hipertensi yang memiliki ukuran lingkar pinggang melebihi cut-off mencapai 25%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah diketahuinya gambaran dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan lingkar pinggang pada penderita hipertensi usia 30-65 tahun di Puskesmas Bojonggede, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional dengan teknik purposive sampling dan sampel sebesar 105 responden. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan April tahun 2015 menggunakan kuesioner dengan wawancara dan Semi Quantitative Questionnaire. Variabel dependen pada penelitian ini adalah lingkar pinggang, sedangkan variabel independen terdiri dari usia, jenis kelamin, pengetahuan,sikap dan riwayat kegemukan, aktivitas fisik, asupan energi, asupan protein, asupan lemak, asupan karbohidrat, asupan serat, durasi tidur, indeks massa tubuh dan stres. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah univariat dan bivariat (t-test dan korelasi-regresi sederhana). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 67% responden yang memiliki lingkar pinggang di atas cut-off, (≥80 cm pada perempuan dan ≥90 cm pada laki-laki), 68,5% pada perempuan, dan 56,2% pada laki-laki. Pada analisis bivariat, terdapat hubungan antara riwayat kegemukan, asupan energi, asupan lemak, asupan karbohidrat, dan indeks massa tubuh dengan lingkar pinggang pada penderita hipertensi usia 30-65 tahun di Puskesmas Bojonggede. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat 67% responden yang memiliki lingkar pinggang di atas cut-off. Diperlukan adanya sosialisasi dan pengukuran lingkar pinggang, serta penerapan pola hidup sehat pada penderita hipertensi.

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Waist circumference is a simple anthropometric measurement that observed visceral fat accumulation. Higher waist circumference and hypertension is known as metabolic syndrome and cause chronic disease. In Indonesia, the prevalence of hypertension patient with waist circumference higher than cut-off points (≥80 cm for woman, and ≥90 cm for man) is 25%. The purpose of this study is to know about waist circumference and factors associated with the waist circumference in hypertension patient age 30-65 at Puskesmas Bojonggede, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat.

This research used cross-sectional study with purposive sampling and sample sized of 105 respondents. This study was conducted on April 2015 and used questionnaire and Semi Quantitative Questionnaire with interview. The dependent variables studied was waist circumference, whereas the independent variables studied were age, gender, knowledge, attitude, obesity genetic history, physical activity, energy intake, protein intake, fat intake, carbohydrate intake, fiber intake, sleep duration, body mass index, and stress. The statistical test used is univariate and bivariate (t-test and correlation-regression linier).

The result showed there were 67% of respondents who has waist circumference higher than the cut-off (≥80 cm for woman, and ≥90 cm for man), 68,5% in woman, and 56,2% in men. From the research, there is an association between obesity genetic history, energy intake, fat intake, carbohydrate intake, and body mass index with waist circumference in hypertension patient age 30-65 at Puskesmas Bojonggede.

Based on the results, it can be concluded that there are 67% of respondents who has waist circumference higher than the cut-off. It?s necessary to disseminate the results of this research, often do waist circumference measurement, and implement healthy lifestyle on hypertension patients."

"Berbagai produk teknologi berupa alat elektronik yang dipergunakan sehari-hari ternyata mampu menghasilkan medan elektromagnetik dengan frekuensi samgat rendah (extremely low frequency) yang dapat mengganggu kesehatan sistem organ manusia, salah satunya sistem reproduksi. Beberapa penelitian telah membuktikan gangguan pada sistem reproduksi pria dapat memicu terhambatnya proses spermatogenesis sehingga menurunkan produksi sperma. Untuk itu, dilakukan penelitian terhadap salah satu sel pada proses spermatogenesis, yakni sel spermatosit 1 pakiten, dan dilihat pengaruh pajanan elektromagnetik terhadap jumlah sel tersebut. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental dengan melakukan pemajanan pada mencit jantan Strain Webster generasi pertama (F1), kedua (F2), dan ketiga (F3) dengan tegangan 0 kV (kontrol), 3 kV, 4 kV, dan 5 kV. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya penurunan jumlah sel spermatosit 1 pakiten pada pemajanan kelompok mencit 3 kV, 4 kV, 5 kV dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (p < 0,05). Pemajanan dengan tegangan 3 kV tidak memiliki efek akumulatif pada generasi pertama, kedua, dan ketiga (p > 0,05). Pemajanan dengan tegangan 4 kV hanya memiliki efek akumulatif pada generasi pertama ke generasi kedua. Pemajanan dengan tegangan 5 kV memiliki efek kumulatif pada generasi kedua ke generasi ketiga. Selain itu, pemajanan dengan tegangan 3 kV, 4 kV, 5 kV berkorelasi sebanding dengan penurunan jumlah sel. Dengan demikian, pajanan medan elektromagnetik ELF berpengaruh terhadap penurunan jumlah sel spermatosit 1 pakiten dan memiliki efek akumulatif pada generasinya.

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Many high tech-product electronic devices that is used daily capable on producing extremely low frequency electromagnetic field that could disturb human organ, one of which is reproduction system. Many research has showed that disturbance in male reproduction system could cause impeded spermatogenesis process so as decrease sperm production. This research was done to one of the cell related to spermatogenesis process, which is the spermatocyte 1 in its pachytene stage. Consequently, the effect of the electromagnetic exposure to the quantity of the cell was observed. This experimental research was done by exposing first generation (F1), second generation (F2), and third generation (F3) male Webster strain albino house mouse with 0 kV (control), 3 kV, 4 kV, and 5 kV voltage.

The result show a decline in pachytene spermatocyte 1 at the 3 kV, 4kV, 5kV exposure group than the control group (p<0,05). The exposure of more than 3kV did not have accumulative effect on first, second, and third generation (p>0,05). Exposing with 4 kV only has an accumulative effect in the first and second generation. Exposing with 5 kV showed an accumulative effect on second to third generation. Moreover, exposing with 3kV, 4kV, 5kV correlated consecutively with propotional decline in cell quantity. Therefore, ELF electromagnetic field exposure has an effect to decline in pachytene spermatocyte 1 quantity and have an accumulative effect to each generation."

"A first part deals with the morphology and taxonomy of the genus and a classification based on the biological species concept is presented. A further part is devoted to the author’s research accomplishments in this genus. It describes morphological characters distinguishing between diploids and tetraploids of series Eubarbatae, the genetic relationships between them, and the mode of origin of the tetraploid form. The section Denticulatae, to which the common oat belongs, is extensively treated. Further, oat domestication and the newly domesticated protein rich A. magna are described. A third part deals with wild genetic resources of oat."

"Annotation the unexpected patterns displayed by a bird's body have been seen as bizarre events or described as 'amazing curiosities'. Rather, they appear to be an integral part of a rigid order and a coherent geometry, which is directed by simple gene interactions and molecular cascades occurring during the organism's development."

"This review of recent developments in our understanding of the ways microbes can enhance sustainable agriculture and biotechnology covers a topic with enormous untapped potential to replace fossil fuel-based chemical products and fix soil pollutants."

"Now completely up-to-date with the latest research advances, the Seventh Edition retains the distinctive character of earlier editions. Twenty-two concise chapters, co-authored by six highly distinguished biologists, provide current, authoritative coverage of an exciting, fast-changing discipline."

"Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable disorder of connective tissue that mainly affects the bones. Being always associated with bone fragility, it is also known as "brittle bone" disease. Multiple bone fractures are common, and in severe cases can occur even before birth. The condition is characterized by fractures with minimal or absent trauma, dentinogenesis impercta, short stature, blue sclerae, and in adult years, hearing loss. Most cases of OI, which is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, result from mutations affecting the genes COLIA1 (collagen type 1 alpha 1) and COLIA2 (collagen type 1 alpha 2) that encode pro-a 1 and pro-a 2 chains of type 1 collagen. The type 1 collagen molecule accounts for about 90% of the organic matrix of the bone. In addition, collagen forms a family of proteins that strengthen and support many tissues in the body, including cartilage, tendons, skin, and the white part of the eye (sclera). This paper aims to review the genetic contribution to OI."

"Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) is an autosomal dominant disorder in which both the primary and the permanent teeth are affected. It occurs with an incidence of 1:8.000 live births. In DGI, the teeth are amber and opalescent, and the pulp chamber is obliterated by abnormal dentin. The enamel, although otherwise unaffected, tends to fracture, which leads to rapid attrition of dentin and marked shortening of the teeth. There are three types of DGI with similar dental abnormalities. Type I occurs in people with osteogenesis imperfecta, a genetic condition in which bones are brittle and easily broken. DGI types II and III occur in people without other inherited disorders than mutations mapped to the 6.6-cM D4S2691-D4S2692 interval at 4q21, which is the locus for the dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene. It is now believed that the DGI types II and III may be the same disorder. This paper reviews clinical manifestation, aspects of molecular genetics, and management of DGI."

"Latar Belakang: Gen E-cadherin CDH1 berperan dalam komunikasi sel untuk memelihara hubungan antar sel. Kehilangan fungsi dari gen CDH1 dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan kanker. Polimorfisme genetik CDH1 -160C>A terdeteksi memiliki hubungan dengan penyakit kanker kepala leher KKL. Tujuan: Mendeteksi polimorfisme genetik CDH1 -160C>A pada penderita KKL dan individu sehat populasi Indonesia. Metode: Sampel DNA tersimpan dari 50 individu sehat dan 50 penderita KKL dianalisis dengan metode PCR-RFLP menggunakan enzim restriksi HincII dan divisualisasi dengan elektroforesis. Hasil: Polimorfisme genetik CDH1 -160C>A terdeteksi pada penderita KKL sebesar 78 dan pada individu sehat sebesar 68. Simpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa polimorfisme genetik CDH1 -160C>A meningkatkan risiko KKL pada populasi Indonesia.

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Background: E cadherin CDH1 gene plays a role in cell communication to maintain the relationship between cells. Loss of function of CDH1 gene affects the development of cancer. CDH1 160C A polymorphisms have been detected to have a relationship with head and neck cancer HNC.

Objective: To detect CDH1 160C A polymorphisms in HNC patients and healthy subjects of Indonesian population.

Methods: Stored DNA samples of 50 healthy subjects and 50 HNC patients were analyzed by PCR RFLP using HincII restriction enzyme and were visualized by electrophoresis.

Results: Genetic polymorphisms of CDHI 160C A were detected both in HNC patients 78 and in healthy subjects 68.

Conclusion: This study suggested that CDH1 160C A polymorphisms increased HNC risk in Indonesian population."