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"The treatment of prostate cancer continues to be problematic owing to serious side-effects, including erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence. Robotic radiosurgery offers a novel, rapid, non-invasive outpatient treatment option that combines robotics, advanced image-guided spatial positioning, and motion detection with submillimeter precision. This book examines all aspects of the treatment of prostate cancer with robotic radiosurgery. It explains how image-guided robotic radiosurgery overcomes the problem of patient motion during radiation therapy by continuously identifying the precise location of the prostate tumor throughout the course of treatment. Hypofractionated radiation delivery by means of robotic radiosurgery systems is also discussed in detail. The book closes by examining other emerging genitourinary applications of robotic radiosurgery. All of the authors are experts in their field who present a persuasive case for this fascinating technique."

"Uroradiology is an up-to-date, image-oriented reference in the style of a teaching file that has been designed specifically to be of value in clinical practice. All aspects of the imaging of urologic diseases are covered, and case studies illustrate the findings obtained with the relevant imaging modalities in both common and uncommon conditions. Most chapters focus on a particular clinical problem, but normal findings, congenital anomalies, and interventions are also discussed and illustrated.In this second edition, the range and quality of the illustrations have been enhanced, and many schematic drawings have been added to help readers memorize characteristic imaging findings through pattern recognition. The accompanying text is concise and informative. Besides serving as an outstanding aid to differential diagnosis, this book will provide a user-friendly review tool for certification or recertification in radiology."

"Laparoscopic entry : traditional methods, new insights and novel approaches discusses traditional methods of laparoscopic surgery, new devices, laparoscopic entry in difficult patients, robotic assisted surgery access, single port entry, gasless access, transvaginal entry and natural orifice surgery. This book illustrates, through the presentation of techniques, methods, photos, images, drawings and pictures, all the possible methods of laparoscopic entry for endoscopic surgeons, either for laparoscopy or for robotics. Laparoscopic entry : traditional methods, new insights and novel approaches describes problems and criticisms of each method and highlights common and rare complications.Written by experts in the field, this book also includes tips and tricks, which can be tailored to each patient."

"This book is an ideal introduction to the use of radiology in imaging diseases of the liver, gallbladder and biliary system, pancreas, spleen, and gastrointestinal tract. Each of the ten chapters is devoted to a particular organ and contains ten illustrated case reports drawn from clinical practice. Common clinical situations and indications for imaging are reviewed, and clear descriptions are provided of the various imaging techniques that will assist in resolving diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. "

"A ground-breaking contribution to the literature, Male infertility : contemporary clinical approaches, andrology, ART & antioxidants offers a comprehensive review of well-established, current diagnostic and treatment techniques for male infertility. This state-of-the-art, evidence-based resource incorporates new multidisciplinary and complementary medicine approaches to create a first-of-its-kind guide to treatment strategies involving antioxidants for male infertility. Designed as an easily accessible practical reference for daily use, Male infertility : contemporary clinical approaches, andrology, ART & antioxidants provides a high quality guide for urologists, reproductive endocrinologists, embryologists, andrologists, biologists and research scientists interested in the role that antioxidants play in male infertility. "

"In this book, the editors provide strategies for fertility preservation in women and men who require gonadotoxic treatment. In addition, epidemiologic, ethical, medico-legal, psychologic, and social aspects of fertility preservation are discussed. Using a format that combines concise scientific background with practical methodological information and easy-to-grasp algorithms, the chapters all conform to a uniform structure, including a brief abstract, keyword glossary, step by step protocol of laboratory procedures, key issues in commentary and a list of references. The result is a unique, practical reference guide for reproductive endocrinologists, urologists, embryologists, reproductive scientists, and oncologists."

"Extensively revised and updated, this book provides support to primary care physicians through its review of common genitourinary problems. This edition continues to provide the primary care physician with tools to better recognize urological diseases as well as updated management strategies for these disorders. To enhance the theme of comprehensive care and family medicine, the volume is formatted according to the life cycle and the urological challenges, which may be detected and diagnosed by primary care physicians respective of the patient’s stage in life, beginning with pregnancy and in utero diagnoses. Pediatric themes such as infection and voiding dysfunctions are followed by adult urological topics ranging from prostate diseases, nephrolithiasis, overactive bladder syndromes, incontinence and urological cancer screening. Three new chapters are added addressing male infertility/andrology and the growing demand for integrative and alternative medical care of urologic patients, as well as commonly encountered dermatological problems in the genital area."

"Images in urology is a unique book that integrates images of urological conditions within their clinical context. Improvements in imaging techniques have meant greater diagnostic power and a dramatic rise in the number and quality of images obtained and viewed by practicing clinicians. None more so than in the field of urology, where static and dynamic images are fundamental to the diagnosis and treatment of almost all conditions. This book presents images of radiological and radionucleotide scans, macroscopic and microscopic histopathology specimens, urodynamic traces and photographs of dermatological conditions relating to urology. Each section has a series of questions, often relating to a clinical scenario, about the images. A comprehensive answer provides a description of each image and of the condition shown. Details of how to interpret the image and the use of contrast or staining methods to help differentiate normal anatomy from pathology are included. Images in Urology is an essential tool for urology, radiology and histopathology trainees and consultants, as well as being an excellent exam preparation guide."

"This textbook provides a comprehensive review of gynecological imaging in infancy, childhood, and adolescence. Experts from the disciplines of pediatric radiology, gynecology, surgery, and endocrinology have come together to produce a textbook that, while written primarily from the perspective of the radiologist, will be of value to all professionals involved in the management of these patients. The normal development of the female reproductive tract is described in detail through embryological development, normal childhood appearances, and puberty. Congenital abnormalities are addressed in chapters reviewing structural abnormalities of the reproductive tract and disorders of sex development. A symptoms-based approach is followed in chapters devoted to the assessment of the patient with gynecological pain and disorders of menstruation. Disorders of the breast and the imaging of patients with gynecological neoplasia are considered in dedicated chapters."

"Pendahuluan dan tujuan: Inkontinensia urin merupakan masalah umum pada anak-anak, dengan prevalensi berkisar antara 6-20%. Pediatric Incontinence Questionnaire (PINQ) telah dikembangkan untuk menilai kualitas hidup anak-anak dengan inkontinensia urin dan telah diadaptasi dan divalidasi ke dalam 20 bahasa. Namun, belum diadaptasi ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai realibilitas dan validitas PINQ.Metode: PINQ diadaptasi dan diterjemahkan ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia oleh 2 orang dokter (1 ahli urologi anak dan 1 ahli urologi fungsional) dan 1 penerjemah tersertifikasi. 110 subjek berusia 6 hingga 18 tahun mengisi PINQ-ID dua kali, pada kunjungan awal dan dua minggu setelahnya. Reliabilitas konsistensi internal dinilai dengan menghitung Cronbach. Reliabilitas tes-tes ulang diukur dengan menggunakan koefisien Intra Class Correlation (ICC) untuk ukuran tunggal. Validitas kuesioner dihitung dengan mengukur koefisien korelasi Pearson terhadap total skor PINQ-ID. Variabel sosiodemografi (jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, dan jenis inkontinensia) dan skor PINQ-ID dievaluasi korelasinya menggunakan ANOVA univariat, uji t independen, dan koefisien korelasi Spearman. Semua tes dilakukan dengan nilai p standar 2-tailed 0,05.Hasil: Kuesioner PINQ terdiri dari 20 pertanyaan, masing-masing meminta subjek untuk memilih skor dari 1 hingga 5 sesuai dengan keluhannya. Skor minimal yang dapat dilaporkan adalah 20, sedangkan skor maksimum adalah 100. Pada subjek kami, skor total rata-rata untuk PINQ-ID masing-masing adalah 33,78 dan 32,32 di T0 dan T1. Perbedaan antara rata-rata ini tidak signifikan secara statistik (Tabel 1). Tidak ada perbedaan skor rata-rata antara subjek pria dan wanita pada kedua titik waktu (nilai p > 0,05). Tingkat pendidikan memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan skor PINQ-ID (p 0,014). Koefisien korelasi Pearson antara 0,284 dan 0,778 dengan korelasi yang signifikan.Kesimpulan: Studi kami mengungkapkan kelayakan, validitas, dan reliabilitas PINQ-ID yang sangat baik secara keseluruhan. Namun, beberapa item pada PINQ-ID, terutama yang berkaitan dengan relevansi klinisnya dengan budaya Indonesia, dapat memerlukan studi yang lebih lanjut.

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Introduction and Objectives: Urinary incontinence is a common problem in children, with prevalences range between 6-20%. Pediatric incontinence questionnaire (PINQ) has been developed to assess quality of life children with urinary incontinence and has been adapted and validated into 20 languages. However, it has not been adapted into Bahasa Indonesia. This study aims to asses realibility and validity of PINQ.

Method: PINQ was adapted and translated into Bahasa Indonesia by 2 physicians (1 paediatric urologist and 1 functional urologist) and 1 sworn translator. 110 subjects aged 6 to 18 years old filled PINQ-ID twice, at initial visit and two weeks after. Internal consistency reliability was assessed by calculating Cronbach’s 𝛼. Test-retest reliability was measured using intra class correlation coefficient (ICC) for single measure. Validity of questionnaire was calculated by measuring Pearson correlation coefficient to total PINQ-ID score. Sociodemographic variables (gender, level of education, and type of incontinence) and PINQ-ID score were evaluated for correlation using univariate ANOVA, independent t-test, and Spearman correlation coefficient. All tests were performed with 2-tailed predefined p-value 0.05.

Results: The PINQ questionnnaire consists of 20 questions, each requiring the subject to choose a score from 1 to 5 according to their complaints. The minimal score that could be reported is 20, whilst the maximum score was 100. In our subjects, the mean total score for PINQ-ID were 33,78 and 32,32 at T0 and T1 respectively. The difference between these means was not statistically significant. There was no difference in the mean score between male and female subjects at both time points (p value > 0.05). Level of education had significant correlation with PINQ-ID score (p 0.014). Pearson correlation coefficient was between 0,284 and 0,778 with significant correlation.

Conclusion: Our study revealed overall excellent PINQ-ID feasibility, validity, and reliability. However, several items on the PINQ-ID, especially in relation to their clinical relevance to the Indonesian culture and setting, may require further exploration."