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"Afghan-American Nadia Hashimi's literary debut novel is a searing tale of powerlessness, fate, and the freedom to control one's own fate that combines the cultural flavor and emotional resonance of the works of Khaled Hosseini, Jhumpa Lahiri, and Lisa See.In Kabul, 2007, with a drug-addicted father and no brothers, Rahima and her sisters can only sporadically attend school, and can rarely leave the house. Their only hope lies in the ancient custom of bacha posh, which allows young Rahima to dress and be treated as a boy until she is of marriageable age. As a son, she can attend school, go to the market, and chaperone her older sisters.But Rahima is not the first in her family to adopt this unusual custom. A century earlier, her great-aunt, Shekiba, left orphaned by an epidemic, saved herself and built a new life the same way.Crisscrossing in time, The Pearl the Broke Its Shell interweaves the tales of these two women separated by a century who share similar destinies. But what will happen once Rahima is of marriageable age? Will Shekiba always live as a man? And if Rahima cannot adapt to life as a bride, how will she survive?"

"Penelitian ini berupaya untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis dualisme kewenangan di Kota Batam yang melahirkan konflik kewenangan antara Badan pengusahaan Batam dan Pemerinta Kota Batam. Latar belakang dari dualisme kewenangan ini disebabkan oleh tumpang tindihnya regulasi yang mengatur Kota Batam dan tidak berjalannya reformasi hukum yang mengatur hubungan pusat dan daerah pasca reformasi. Tumpang tindih kewenangan di daerah pasca desentralisasi di Indonesia merupakan gejala umum yang memicu terjadinya konflik kepentingan di daerah. Dalam mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis dualisme kewenangan di Kota Batam digunakan teori konflik, desentralisasi dan pendekatan berbasis negara dalam ekonomi politik serta hubungan pusat dan daerah. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus yang dijabarkan berdasarkan metode penelitian kualitatif. Sehingga untuk mengumpulkan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara mendalam dengan stakeholder dari Badan Pengusahaan Batam, Pemerintah Kota Batam, Pemerintah Provinsi Riau, DPRD, Kamar Dagang Indonesia Kota Batam dan Provinsi Riau. Disamping itu, dilakukan observasi langsung pada dua institusi serta didukung dengan data-data literatur berupa buku, peraturan perundang-undangan, jurnal dan website resmi BP Batam dan Pemko Batam. Untuk mencapai objektifitas penelitian, digunakan teknik triangulasi dengan mengklarifikasi pada Pemerintah Pusat, Akademisi, LSM, Pengusaha dan Masyarakat. Data yang dikumpulkan direduksi dan disajikan, maka diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa dualisme kewenangan antara Badan Pengusahaan Batam dan Pemerintah Kota Batam merupakan akibat dari ketidaktegasan regulasi yang mengatur hubungan antar instansi di daerah serta hubungan pusat dan daerah. Besarnya kepentingan ekonomi politik pusat di Kota Batam. Sehingga, desentralisasi sebagai amanat UUD 1945 tidak dapat berjalan dengan baik di Kota Batam. Untuk dapat mengatasi persoalan di Kota Batam, diperlukan ketegasan sikap politik pusat untuk mengakhiri konflik antar dua institusi ini dan melalui penelitian ini disarankan agar pemerintah pusat memberikan desentralisasi asimetris sebagai reorganisasi stuktur untuk mewujudkan Kota Industri Batam. Dengan demikian penelitian ini dapat menjadi acuan bagi pemerintah pusat dalam mengambil keputusan politik, dan menjadi referensi bagi penelitian-penelitian berikutnya, terutama dalam penelitian terkait desentralisasi dan konflik kepentingan antara pusat dan daerah.

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This research describes and analyze a dualism of authority in Batam that provoke a conflict of authority between BIFZA (Batam Indonesia Free Zone Authority) and Batam city government. This dualism of authority caused by overlap regulation that organize Batam city and legal reform, which control centralization & decentralization in Soeharto era, is not working. This conflict of authority in decentralization area in Indonesia is a general symptoms that trigger conflict of interest in a district.

Describing and analyzing dualism of authority in Batam city is using theory of conflict, decentralization, and state-based approach in politic economy and the relation between the capital & district. This research is a study case using qualitative research method. Thereby in collecting the data need to do a deep interview with a stakeholder from BIFZA, Batam city government, Riau Province government, DPRD, Chamber of Commerce in Batam & Riau Province. Direct observation to these two institutions which is supported by literature such as books, legislation, journal & official website of BIFZA & Batam city government.

To obtain the objectives of this research, researcher use triangulation techniques that clarifying information from capital government, academics, NGO, enterpreneur, and society. The collected data is reducted and presented. The conclusion is, dualism authority between BIFZA & Batam city government happens from indecision regulation; that control the relation between institutions in a district, the relation between capital and district, and how much politic economy central interest in Batam city. Thereby, decentralization as a mandate from UUD 1945 (State constitution of 1945) cannot work properly in Batam city.

To overcome the conflict in Batam city, politic assertiveness from the capital is needed. From this research conclude a reccomendation that capital government give asymmetry decentralization as structur reorganization to gain Batam industry city. Thereby, this research can be a reference for the next research, especially in research about decentralization and conflict of interest between capital government and district."