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"Buku yang berjudul "Handbook of local anesthesia" ini ditulis oleh Stanley F. Malamed. Buku ini membaha tentang anesthesi, neurophysiology, dan paharmacology."

"Buku yang berjudul "Handbook of clinical anesthesia" ini ditulis oleh Paul G. Barash, Bruce F. Cullen, dan Robert K. Stoelting. Buku ini merupakan sebuah buku panduan mengenai anesthesia."

"This comprehensive handbook delivers “bottom line,” evidence-based guidance in the practice of thoracic anesthesia. Chapters are short and practical and include actionable technical pearls not available elsewhere. The editor and contributors are academic faculty who work at one of the busiest thoracic surgical programs in North America, and their aim has been to integrate essential concepts with practical decision-making.•Detailed guidance for performing more than 30 thoracic surgical procedures•Relevant surgical insights from a senior thoracic surgeon included for each procedure•Full range of modern thoracic anesthetic challenges covered•Essential foundation concepts digested and simplified•Technical aspects sufficiently detailed to be useful•An efficient resource for skilled generalists and trainees"

"Terdapat banyak laporan mengenai biaya-efektifitas di bidang ilmu penyakit mata, tetapi laporan biaya-efektifitas vitrektomi antara bius lokal dibandingkan bius umum belum ditemukan di literatur nasional/internasional. Penelitian ini bermanfaat untuk pengambil kebijakan, penyedia jasa kesehatan dan asuransi. Untuk menjawab hal ini, peneliti melakukan penelitian kohort retrospektif di dua rumah sakit dengan jumlah 100 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Efektifitas dihitung sebagai perbaikan tajam 2 skala logMAR atau lebih, dan biaya dihitung berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari wawancara dan dikonfirmasi dengan surat keterangan yang berwenang. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah dibutuhkan biaya sebesar Rp. 23.959.000,- untuk mencapai efektifitas operasi (Perbaikan) sebesar 32% dengan bius umum. Sebesar Rp. 15.950.200,- diperlukan untuk mencapai efektifitas operasi (Perbaikan) sebesar 80 % dengan bius lokal. Interpretasi data ini butuh kehatian-hatian, juga untuk diterapkan secara umum (extrapolation). Penghematan biaya yang terjadi adalah sebesar 50,21% dengan bius lokal dibandingkan bius umum. Faktor yang berpengaruh secara multivariat terhadap perbaikan setelah operasi dan biaya adalah lamanya retina lepas (RR 1.85) bila lepas < 4 minggu, dan bius lokal (RR 2.58). Waktu tunggu (antara pertama kali berobat hingga dioperasi) lebih singkat di bius lokal (p 0.00) dan tindakan membrane peeling lebih banyak di bius lokal (p 0.00) merupakan dua hal yang berbeda bermakna. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa operasi vitrektomi untuk retina lepas dapat dilakukan dengan bius lokal dengan efektifitas lebih baik dan biaya lebih sedikit.

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There were reports on cost-effectiveness in ophthalmology, but so far none of report on cost-effectiveness of vitrectomy between local and general anesthesia for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, either in national or international journal. Meanwhile, this report is beneficial for health policy decision maker, health provider and insurance. To answer this limitation, we conduct retrospective cohort study in two hospitals with 100 subjects that fulfill inclusion and exclusion criteria. Effectiveness was visual acuity improvement in two or more logMAR scale after vitrectomy, and units cost data were given by both hospitals. The amount of Rp. 23.959.000,- was needed to achieve effectiveness 32% in general anesthesia. The amount of Rp. 15.950.200,- was needed to achieve effectiveness 80% in local anesthesia. These data interpretation and extrapolation should be done cautiously. There is cost-minimization 50,12% when doing vitrectomy under local versus general anesthesia. Multivariate analysis of effectiveness and cost showed that variables of detachment duration if less than 4 weeks (RR 1.85) and of local anesthesia (RR 2.58) were contributing for better surgical outcome. Shorter waiting time (time needed for surgery after diagnosed), and more membrane peeling done in local anesthesia group were different variabels (p 0.00) between two groups significantly. As conclusion, vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment can be done under local anesthesia with higher effectiveness and lower cost."

"This handbook covers all areas of nonlocal continuum mechanics including theoretical aspects,computational procedures, and experimental advances. The multidisciplinary scope of articles that comprise this reference are written by internationally recognized experts in the field and stand as the most-up-to-date, established knowledge base on using nonlocal continuum mechanics to characterize material behavior for advanced composites and nano-materials, as well as for engineering scale structures. The handbook is at once a comprehensive reference for academic researchers and engineers in industry concerned with nonlocal continuum mechanics for materials and structures as well as a supplement for graduate courses on a range of topics."