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"ABSTRAKAda dua hal yang dilakukan daiam tugas akhir ini, pertama menerjemahkan, kedua memberi anotasi. Penerjemahan High-Tech Heretic: Reflection of a Computer Contrarian bertujuan untuk menyadarkan masyarakat pengguna komputer akan dampak buruk komputer. Anotasi dibuat sebagai pertanggung jawaban atas padanan yang dipilih. Ada empat unsur yang dipermasalahkan dalam penerjemahan yang menjadi topik atnotasi, yaitu istilah komputer, nama diri, ungkapan, dan idiom. Penerapan sebelas prosedur penerjemahan dapat mengatasi keempat masalah itu untuk mencapai kesepadanan denotatif, konotatif, teks normatif, pragmatik, dan bentuk. Sementara itu, saya menggunakan metode penerjemahan komunikatif dan semantis.

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ABSTRAK

There are two things to be cared out in this final task namely the translation and the annotation to the translation. Translation of High-Tech Heretic: Reflection of a Computer Contrarian is aimed at informing the computer user in Indonesia of the bad impact of computer. Annotation is made as a responsibility for the translator's chosen equivalent. There are four translation problems which are explained in annotation i.e. computer term, proper name, expression, and idiom. The implementation of eleven translation procedures solve translation problems to attain five equivalences in translation i.e. denotative, connotative, text formative, pragmatic and formal equivalence. Meanwhile, I used two translation methods, communicative and semantic methods."

"Terjemahan beranotasi adalah terjemahan yang dilakukan dengan memberikan anotasi (catatan) atas padanan yang dipilih dalam bahasa sasaran (BSa) sebagai solusi terhadap teks sumber (TSu) yang dianggap bermasalah. Di samping itu, anotasi juga merupakan pertanggungjawaban penerjemah atas padanan yang dipilihnya selama kegiatan penerjemahan berlangsung. Berkaitan dengan kegiatan penerjemahan beranotasi, saya menerjemahkan buku yang berjudul Science in Medieval Islam karangan Howard R. Turner (1995). Dalam kegiatan penerjemahan tersebut, diberikan 14 anotasi yang merupakan solusi dan pertanggungjawaban terhadap masalah penerjemahan yang muncul. Anotasi yang diberikan mencakup kata atau istilah, frasa, klausa, dan kalimat.Metode penerjemahan yang digunakan adalah metode penerjemahan semantic dan komunikatif dari Newmark (1988), sedangkan prosedur penerjemahannya melibatkan transposisi, modulasi, naturalisasi dan penerjemahan fonologis, pemadanan berkonteks, serta pemadanan fungsional. Dan kegiatan penerjemahan buku Science in Medieval Islam dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian anotasi terhadap masalah yang ditemukan dengan melibatkan prosedur penerjemahan dapat menghasilkan padanan yang berterima dalam bahasa sasaran (BSa).

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An annotated translation is a translation carried out by giving some annotations (notes) on the selected equivalents in the target language which are the solution of translation problems found out in the source language. The annotations are also considered as the accountability of the translator about the equivalents he has chosen during the translation activity. In connection with the annotated translation, I translated a book entitled Science in Medieval Islam written by Howard IL Turner (1995), In this translation, there are 14 annotations which are the solution and accountability of translation problems in the source text. The annotations involve words or terms, phrases, clauses, and sentences.

The translation methods used are semantic and communicative methods of Newmark (1988). Meanwhile, the translation procedures include transposition, modulation, naturalization and phonological translation, contextual conditioning, and functional equivalence. From the translation of Science in Medieval Islam, the conclusion is that annotations on the translation problems by involving the translation procedures are able to produce equivalents that are acceptable in the target language."

"ABSTRAKArtikel ini merupakan sebuah penelitian yang menganalisis kelas kata penerjemahan adjektiva kualifikatif pada terjemahan cerita pendek la Venus d rsquo;Ille karya Prosper M rim e yang berjudul Venus dari Kota Ille. Cerita tersebut merupakan jenis cerita fantastik. Data penelitian ini adalah semua kata dari kelas kata adjektiva kualifikatif dari teks bahasa sumber Bsu yang mengalami pergeseran kelas kata. Data penelitian menggunakan studi kepustakaan dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Penelitian ini memaparkan perubahan kelas kata dan perubahan makna yang ditemukan pada terjemahan adjektiva pada cerita pendek tersebut. Berdasarkan klasifikasi data, ditemukan 151 kata adjektiva kualifikatif. Hasil analisis yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan teori dari Catford 1965 mengenai pergeseran kelas kata dan Leech 1981 mengenai analisis komponen makna, menunjukkan bahwa hanya 9 kelas kata adjektiva dari teks Bsu yang mengalami pergeseran kelas kata: 2 kata menjadi nomina dan 7 kata menjadi verba. Dalam hasil terjemahannya, proses pengalihan yang terjadi tetap mempertahankan bentuk adjektiva. Penerjemah berusaha mempertahankan salah satu ciri khas dari cerita fantastik yang kaya akan adjektiva.

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ABSTRACTThis article is a research that analyzes the translation of qualified adjective found in the short story La Venus d 39 Ille in the translation, Venus dari Kota Ille, a fantastic genre narrative written by Prosper M rim e. The research data are all the words that are classified as qualified adjectives in the source language SL text that undergoes a shift of the word class in target language TL . The data in this research are collected by using literature study and analyzed through qualitative method. This research describe the change of word class and the change of meaning found in the translated adjective of the short story. Based on the data classification, there are 151 words of qualified adjective obtained from the TL text. The analysis rsquo s result using Catford 39 s 1965 theory of class and Leech 1981 theory on the analysis of the meaning component, indicates that only 9 classes of adjectives of the SL text experience a shift of word class 2 words became nouns and 7 words turn into verbs. The translation transfer process takes place while maintaining the form of the adjective. In addition, there are three adjectives that do not have the same overall components. Translator tries to preserve one of the characteristics in fantastic story which contains a lot of adjectives."

"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian terjemahan dengan anotasi. Dalampenelitian ini saya melakukan terjemahan novel Various Pets Alive & Deadkarangan Marina Lewycka dan melakukan anotasi terhadap beberapa bagian TSuyang saya anggap sulit dan menantang. Dalam menerjemahkan novel ini, sayamenggunakan metode penerjemahan semantis dan komunikatif. Metodepenerjemahan semantis saya gunakan untuk menerjemahkan kata, frasa dankalimat yang erat kaitannya dengan budaya, bahasa dan karakter dalam novel,misalnya saja pengucapan bahasa Inggris yang salah oleh orang asing di Inggrisserta istilah asing. Sedangkan metode penerjemahan komunikatif saya gunakanuntuk menerjemahkan kata, frasa atau kalimat yang memiliki padanan yang samaatau mirip dalam budaya sasaran, contohnya istilah lembaga pemerintahan, danistilah budaya. Dalam melakukan anotasi, saya menggunakan serangkaian strategipenerjemahan dari Newmark.Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa judul TSu dapat diterjemahkan kedalam BSa jika judul tersebut berpotensi tidak menarik bagi pembaca sasaran.Selanjutnya, penelitian ini menyarankan untuk mempertahankan kesalahan dalampenggunaan bahasa oleh tokoh yang merupakan orang asing di dalam novel ini.Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa penghilangan makna kata, frasa ataukalimat dapat dilakukan jika makna kata, frasa dan kalimat tersebut berpotensimembingungkan pembaca karena tiba-tiba muncul dan penghilangan itu tidakmemengaruhi jalan cerita novel itu. Selanjutnya penelitian ini juga menemukanbahwa penerjemah dapat memilih padanan yang sedekat mungkin dengan TSuTerjemahan beranotasi..., Trisna Dewy, FIB UI, 2015xvi Universitas Indonesiajika tidak ada padanan yang sama dengan TSu misalnya council diterjemahkanmenjadi dewan kota.

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ABSTRACTThis research is a research of translation with annotations. In this study Itranslated part of a novel Various Pets Alive & Dead by Marina Lewycka andannotated some parts of the source text which I think difficult and challenging. Intranslating this novel, I used the method of semantic and communicativetranslation. The semantic translation method is used to translate words, phrasesand sentences that are closely related to the source culture, language and thecharacters in the novel, such as the incorrect English pronunciation by a foreignerin England and foreign terms. While the communicative method is used totranslate words, phrases or sentences that has equivalence in the target language,for example, the term of government institutions, and cultural terms. Inannotating, I used translation strategies by Newmark.After doing this research, I found that the title of a source text can betranslated into the target language if the original title is not appealing to the targetaudience. Furthermore, this study suggests the importance of maintainingidiosyncratic language of a foreigner speaking a language in the target text as thisis a special characteristic of the character in the novel. This study also found thatthe removal of meaning of words, phrases or sentences can be done if the meaningcould potentially confuse the reader because it suddenly appears and it does notappear again and the removal does not affect the novel. Furthermore, this studyalso found that the translator can choose the closest equivalence if there is noTerjemahan beranotasi..., Trisna Dewy, FIB UI, 2015xviii Universitas Indonesiaexact equivalence in target language, for example council is translated to bedewan kota.;This research is a research of translation with annotations. In this study Itranslated part of a novel Various Pets Alive & Dead by Marina Lewycka andannotated some parts of the source text which I think difficult and challenging. Intranslating this novel, I used the method of semantic and communicativetranslation. The semantic translation method is used to translate words, phrasesand sentences that are closely related to the source culture, language and thecharacters in the novel, such as the incorrect English pronunciation by a foreignerin England and foreign terms. While the communicative method is used totranslate words, phrases or sentences that has equivalence in the target language,for example, the term of government institutions, and cultural terms. Inannotating, I used translation strategies by Newmark.After doing this research, I found that the title of a source text can betranslated into the target language if the original title is not appealing to the targetaudience. Furthermore, this study suggests the importance of maintainingidiosyncratic language of a foreigner speaking a language in the target text as thisis a special characteristic of the character in the novel. This study also found thatthe removal of meaning of words, phrases or sentences can be done if the meaningcould potentially confuse the reader because it suddenly appears and it does notappear again and the removal does not affect the novel. Furthermore, this studyalso found that the translator can choose the closest equivalence if there is noTerjemahan beranotasi..., Trisna Dewy, FIB UI, 2015xviii Universitas Indonesiaexact equivalence in target language, for example council is translated to bedewan kota.;This research is a research of translation with annotations. In this study Itranslated part of a novel Various Pets Alive & Dead by Marina Lewycka andannotated some parts of the source text which I think difficult and challenging. Intranslating this novel, I used the method of semantic and communicativetranslation. The semantic translation method is used to translate words, phrasesand sentences that are closely related to the source culture, language and thecharacters in the novel, such as the incorrect English pronunciation by a foreignerin England and foreign terms. While the communicative method is used totranslate words, phrases or sentences that has equivalence in the target language,for example, the term of government institutions, and cultural terms. Inannotating, I used translation strategies by Newmark.After doing this research, I found that the title of a source text can betranslated into the target language if the original title is not appealing to the targetaudience. Furthermore, this study suggests the importance of maintainingidiosyncratic language of a foreigner speaking a language in the target text as thisis a special characteristic of the character in the novel. This study also found thatthe removal of meaning of words, phrases or sentences can be done if the meaningcould potentially confuse the reader because it suddenly appears and it does notappear again and the removal does not affect the novel. Furthermore, this studyalso found that the translator can choose the closest equivalence if there is noTerjemahan beranotasi..., Trisna Dewy, FIB UI, 2015xviii Universitas Indonesiaexact equivalence in target language, for example council is translated to bedewan kota.;This research is a research of translation with annotations. In this study Itranslated part of a novel Various Pets Alive & Dead by Marina Lewycka andannotated some parts of the source text which I think difficult and challenging. Intranslating this novel, I used the method of semantic and communicativetranslation. The semantic translation method is used to translate words, phrasesand sentences that are closely related to the source culture, language and thecharacters in the novel, such as the incorrect English pronunciation by a foreignerin England and foreign terms. While the communicative method is used totranslate words, phrases or sentences that has equivalence in the target language,for example, the term of government institutions, and cultural terms. Inannotating, I used translation strategies by Newmark.After doing this research, I found that the title of a source text can betranslated into the target language if the original title is not appealing to the targetaudience. Furthermore, this study suggests the importance of maintainingidiosyncratic language of a foreigner speaking a language in the target text as thisis a special characteristic of the character in the novel. This study also found thatthe removal of meaning of words, phrases or sentences can be done if the meaningcould potentially confuse the reader because it suddenly appears and it does notappear again and the removal does not affect the novel. Furthermore, this studyalso found that the translator can choose the closest equivalence if there is noTerjemahan beranotasi..., Trisna Dewy, FIB UI, 2015xviii Universitas Indonesiaexact equivalence in target language, for example council is translated to bedewan kota.;This research is a research of translation with annotations. In this study Itranslated part of a novel Various Pets Alive & Dead by Marina Lewycka andannotated some parts of the source text which I think difficult and challenging. Intranslating this novel, I used the method of semantic and communicativetranslation. The semantic translation method is used to translate words, phrasesand sentences that are closely related to the source culture, language and thecharacters in the novel, such as the incorrect English pronunciation by a foreignerin England and foreign terms. While the communicative method is used totranslate words, phrases or sentences that has equivalence in the target language,for example, the term of government institutions, and cultural terms. Inannotating, I used translation strategies by Newmark.After doing this research, I found that the title of a source text can betranslated into the target language if the original title is not appealing to the targetaudience. Furthermore, this study suggests the importance of maintainingidiosyncratic language of a foreigner speaking a language in the target text as thisis a special characteristic of the character in the novel. This study also found thatthe removal of meaning of words, phrases or sentences can be done if the meaningcould potentially confuse the reader because it suddenly appears and it does notappear again and the removal does not affect the novel. Furthermore, this studyalso found that the translator can choose the closest equivalence if there is noTerjemahan beranotasi..., Trisna Dewy, FIB UI, 2015xviii Universitas Indonesiaexact equivalence in target language, for example council is translated to bedewan kota.;This research is a research of translation with annotations. In this study Itranslated part of a novel Various Pets Alive & Dead by Marina Lewycka andannotated some parts of the source text which I think difficult and challenging. Intranslating this novel, I used the method of semantic and communicativetranslation. The semantic translation method is used to translate words, phrasesand sentences that are closely related to the source culture, language and thecharacters in the novel, such as the incorrect English pronunciation by a foreignerin England and foreign terms. While the communicative method is used totranslate words, phrases or sentences that has equivalence in the target language,for example, the term of government institutions, and cultural terms. Inannotating, I used translation strategies by Newmark.After doing this research, I found that the title of a source text can betranslated into the target language if the original title is not appealing to the targetaudience. Furthermore, this study suggests the importance of maintainingidiosyncratic language of a foreigner speaking a language in the target text as thisis a special characteristic of the character in the novel. This study also found thatthe removal of meaning of words, phrases or sentences can be done if the meaningcould potentially confuse the reader because it suddenly appears and it does notappear again and the removal does not affect the novel. Furthermore, this studyalso found that the translator can choose the closest equivalence if there is noTerjemahan beranotasi..., Trisna Dewy, FIB UI, 2015xviii Universitas Indonesiaexact equivalence in target language, for example council is translated to bedewan kota.;This research is a research of translation with annotations. In this study Itranslated part of a novel Various Pets Alive & Dead by Marina Lewycka andannotated some parts of the source text which I think difficult and challenging. Intranslating this novel, I used the method of semantic and communicativetranslation. The semantic translation method is used to translate words, phrasesand sentences that are closely related to the source culture, language and thecharacters in the novel, such as the incorrect English pronunciation by a foreignerin England and foreign terms. While the communicative method is used totranslate words, phrases or sentences that has equivalence in the target language,for example, the term of government institutions, and cultural terms. Inannotating, I used translation strategies by Newmark.After doing this research, I found that the title of a source text can betranslated into the target language if the original title is not appealing to the targetaudience. Furthermore, this study suggests the importance of maintainingidiosyncratic language of a foreigner speaking a language in the target text as thisis a special characteristic of the character in the novel. This study also found thatthe removal of meaning of words, phrases or sentences can be done if the meaningcould potentially confuse the reader because it suddenly appears and it does notappear again and the removal does not affect the novel. Furthermore, this studyalso found that the translator can choose the closest equivalence if there is noTerjemahan beranotasi..., Trisna Dewy, FIB UI, 2015xviii Universitas Indonesiaexact equivalence in target language, for example council is translated to bedewan kota., This research is a research of translation with annotations. In this study Itranslated part of a novel Various Pets Alive & Dead by Marina Lewycka andannotated some parts of the source text which I think difficult and challenging. Intranslating this novel, I used the method of semantic and communicativetranslation. The semantic translation method is used to translate words, phrasesand sentences that are closely related to the source culture, language and thecharacters in the novel, such as the incorrect English pronunciation by a foreignerin England and foreign terms. While the communicative method is used totranslate words, phrases or sentences that has equivalence in the target language,for example, the term of government institutions, and cultural terms. Inannotating, I used translation strategies by Newmark.After doing this research, I found that the title of a source text can betranslated into the target language if the original title is not appealing to the targetaudience. Furthermore, this study suggests the importance of maintainingidiosyncratic language of a foreigner speaking a language in the target text as thisis a special characteristic of the character in the novel. This study also found thatthe removal of meaning of words, phrases or sentences can be done if the meaningcould potentially confuse the reader because it suddenly appears and it does notappear again and the removal does not affect the novel. Furthermore, this studyalso found that the translator can choose the closest equivalence if there is noTerjemahan beranotasi..., Trisna Dewy, FIB UI, 2015xviii Universitas Indonesiaexact equivalence in target language, for example council is translated to bedewan kota.]"

"Terjemahan beranotasi adalah terjemahan yang dilengkapi dengan catatan yang menyampaikan pertanggungjawaban penerjemah atas padanan yang dipilihnya. Karena tujuan utama penerjemahan mengalihkan pesan dari BSu ke BSa, penerjemah buku Nasty Bosses menerapkan prosedur, metode, dan teknik penerjemahan sebelum mulai menerjemahkan. Ketiga prosedur-analisis, pengalihanan termasuk de-verbalisasi, dan restrukturisasi teks dilakukan untuk mengatasi dua masalah-ketidakmampuan memahami arti kata, frasa, kalimat, dan paragraf dalam TSu dan kesulitan dalam penerjemahan; menandai, memberikan nomor, dan mengelompokkan ungkapan-ungkapan yang akan dianotasi. Masalah yang dihadapi penerjemah buku Nasty Bosses antara lain dalam menganalisis masalah, misalnya mengidentifikasi idiom dan/atau membedakan idiom dari ungkapan biasa, dan penerapan teknik dan metode yang sesuai untuk mendapatkan padanan yang tepat. Ini disebabkan ungkapan-ungkapan dalam buku Nasty Bosses berbentuk metaforis dan idiom yang mengakibatkan penerjemah terlebih dahulu harus menganalisa makna TSu berdasarkan konteksnya. Setelah selesai menerjemahkan, penerjemah memahami bahwa dalam menerjemahkan tidak cukup hanya berdasarkan metode, prosedur dan teknik melainkan juga memiliki wawasan yang luas.

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An annotated translation is a translation completed with a note or annotation showing the translator's responsibility in choosing the equivalent words. Since the core of translation is to transfer or reproduce the source language message into the target language, the translator of Nasty Bosses, before translating, applied the procedures, methods, and techniques of translation. The three procedures-analyzing, transferring including de-verbalizing, and restructuring the text are done in order to solve the two practical problems-the incapability of comprehending meaning of words, phrases, sentences, and paragraph of the source text and the difficulty in translating such as marking, numbering, and grouping the expressions going to be annotated. The problems faced by the translator of Nasty Bosses among others are analyzing the problems, such as identifying idioms and/or distinguishing them from common expression, and applying the techniques and methods suitable and applicable to get accurate equivalence. This because the annotated expressions of Nasty Bosses are expressions such as idiom and metaphor which make the translator analyze its contextual meaning first. Having finished translating, the translator got the impression that doing the translation is not enough only by basing on the method, procedure, and technique but also by having wide horizon."

"Penelitian terjemahan beranotasi ini menjelaskan pertanggungjawaban penerjemah atas pilihan padanan. Sumber data penelitian adalah buku nonfiksi the Soul of the Indian karya Charles Alexander Eastman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam melakukan penerjemahan dan menemukan solusi terbaik untuk mengatasinya. Data penelitian ini adalah masalah yang ditemukan dan dikelompokkan sesuai kategori anotasinya. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan model teoretis penerjemahan berupa analisis komparatif. Temuan penelitian mencakup dua hal utama. Pertama, dari 27 data anotasi yang dikumpulkan, terdapat 8 data anotasi nama atau sebutan untuk Tuhan atau Deitas, 1 nama seremoni, 1 sebutan untuk tokoh spiritual, 1 nama praktik spiritual, 4 majas, 9 istilah khusus, dan 3 kolokasi. Terdapat 8 macam prosedur penerjemahan; prosedur yang mengombinasikan dua prosedur atau lebih (kuplet, triplet, kuartet) adalah yang paling dominan. Kedua, kesulitan yang dihadapi terkait dengan masalah penerjemahan diatasi dengan menerapkan teori, metode dan prosedur penerjemahan relevan. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa spiritualisme bangsa Indian dan budaya masyarakatnya saling terkait satu sama lain sehingga data anotasi yang ditemukan tidak hanya bersifat spiritual, tetapi juga kultural. Oleh karena itu, penerjemah harus memiliki pengetahuan dan wawasan yang luas mengenai spiritualisme dan budaya masyarakat bahasa sumber dan bahasa sasaran.

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This is an annotated translation research which explains the researcher’s accountability with regard to the translation equivalents being chosen. The data source in this research is a nonfiction book T he Soul of the Indian by Charles Alexander Eastman. This study aims at identifying the problems encountered by the researcher in the course of translating the source texts and seeking the best solution to solve them. The data of this study are the problems collected and classified according to their annotation categories. The qualitative method has been employed using a comparative analysis translation model. The findings of this research reveal two important things. First, out of 27 elements of annotation data collected, 8 are names or designations for a God or Deity, 1 is the name for ceremony, 1 is a designation for a spiritual figure, 1 is a name of a spiritual practice, 4 are figures of speech, 9 are specific terminologies, and 3 are collocations. There are 8 translation procedures being employed, with combined procedures being the dominant ones (couplets, triplets, quadruplets). Second, the difficulties encountered in dealing with the problems are solved by employing relevant translation theories, methods, and procedures. Such findings demonstrate that Indian spiritualism and culture are interrelated so that the annotation data obtained are not only spiritual in nature, but also cultural. Thus, a translator should be well equipped with extensive knowledge and insight not only about spiritualism, but also culture, both of the source and target language community."

"Terjemahan beranotasi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pertanggungjawaban atas padanan tertentu yang dipilih oleh penerjemah dalam mengatasi berbagai masalah penerjemahan. Teks sumber yang dipilih adalah buku bahasa Inggris yang berjudul What do Muslims Believe? Kegiatan ini dilakukan dalam dua langkah, yakni menerjemahkan dan memberi anotasi pada hasil terjemahan. Anotasi adalah pertanggungjawaban penerjemah atas padanan yang dipilih. Dalam anotasi, penerjemah menjelaskan masalah-masalah yang ditemukan selama proses penerjemahan dan solusi yang diberikan dalam mengatasi masalah itu, dengan disertai alasan yang logis. Masalah penerjemahan pada penerjemahan ini dikelompokkan menjadi tiga kategori, yakni: nama, istilah, dan kalimat. Metode dan prosedur penerjemahan digunakan untuk memecahkan masalah tersebut dan untuk menemukan padanan pada bahasa sasaran. Metode komunikatif dan semantis digunakan untuk mendapatkan terjemahan yang akurat, alami, dan berterima bagi pembaca teks sasaran. Saya menemukan bahwa metode, prosedur, dan teknik penerjemahan sangat membantu penerjemah bekerja lebih akurat.

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This annotated translation is aimed at representing the translator's responsibility for the choice equivalents in order to solve various translation problems. The source text was an English book entitled ?What do Muslims Believe?'. The activities are carried out into two ways; translating and giving annotation on the translation. Annotation is the translator?s responsibility for the equivalent words and/or terms chosen. In annotation, the translator explains the problems found during the translation process and the solutions to the problems supported by logical reasons. The problems are classified into three categories: names, terms, and sentences. The translation methods and procedures are used to solve those problems and to find the equivalents in the target language. Communicative and semantic methods are applied in order to get an accurate, natural and accepted translation for the target text readers. I find that all of the translation methods, procedures, and techniques help the translator work more accurately."

"Terjemahan beranotasi adalah penerjemahan yang dilakukan dengan memberikan anotasi (catatan) mengenai padanan yang dipilih dalam Bahasa saran. Tujuan terjemahan beranotasi adalah memberikan pertanggungjawaban atas padanan yang dipilih. Ada dua metode yang digunakan dalam tugas akhir ini, yaitu penerjemahan novel dan anotasi. Metode dan prosedur penerjemahan yang digunakan adalah yang sesuai dengan penerjemahan karya sastra. Anotasi dalam tugas akhir ini membahas sejumlah kata, (rasa, klausa, dan kalimat yang menimbulkan permasalahan dalam penerjemahan dan pemecahannya. Ditemukan permasalahan yang dominan, yaitu kata dan ungkapan India yang digunakan penulis novel berbahasa Inggris. Dari kegiatan penerjemahan novel ini dan anotasinya, dapat disimpulkan bahwa latihan menganotasi terjemahan telah meningkatkan kesadaran saya sebagai penerjemah untuk menghasilkan terjemahan yang tepat.

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An annotated translation is a translation with additional annotations (notes) on reasons for the equivalents selected in the target language. The purpose of the annotations is to justify the choices which have been made by the translator. There are two methods used in this final assignment, namely the translation of the novel itself and the addition of annotations to the translation. The main translation methods and procedures employed in this final assignment are in accordance with literary translation. The annotations added to this final assignment are limited to words, phrases, clauses, and sentences that have caused a problem in their translation and the solutions of the translation problems. The dominant problem found in translating the novel is the use of Indian words and expressions in this English novel by the writer. From the translation of the novel and its annotations, it is concluded that having to give annotations on the translation problems encountered has raised my awareness as a translator of the difficulties encountered in producing an accurate translation."

"Penelitian ini didorong oleh pengalaman saya bahwa penerjemahan adalah suatu kegiatan rekreatif yang menuntut usaha sangat keras dan kreatif untuk menemukan padanan optimal dalam teks sasaran (TSa) meski hal ini tidak selalu mudah. Persoalan yang dihadapi penerjemah merentang mulai dari perbedaan mekanisme gramatikal antara bahasa sumber (BSu) dan bahasa sasaran (BSa) sampai sistem kebahasaan yang lebih luas bahkan perkara yang pads dasarnya di luar bahasa. Pokok perhatian kajian ini adalah penerjemahan pemarkah kohesi (PK) yang merupakan bagian penting dalam pembentukan teks. PK adalah perangkat bahasa untuk mengikat bagian-bagian dalam teks agar menjadi satuan yang utuh sehingga penerjemahannya layak dicermati. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkapkan (1) berbagai PK yang digunakan pengarang, (2) padanan yang digunakan oleh penerjemah, (3) pergeseran yang terjadi dalam penerjemahan OMS ke LTL, dan (4) implikasi pergeseran itu. Untuk itu dipilihlah novel The Old Man and the Sea (OHMS) sebagai sumber data teks sumber (TSu) dan Lelaki Tua dan Laut (LTL) sebagai sumber data TSa. Lima jenis PK yakni:PK Pengacuan, Penyulihan, Pelesapan, Konjungsi, dan Leksikal diidentifikasi dari OMS dengan mengikuti metode identifikasi PK yang dikembangkan oleh Halliday dan Hasan. PK itu diklasifikasikan menurut jenis dan subjenisnya. Karena alasan fisibilitas, PK pengacuan dan PK leksikal dibatasi hanya yang berkaitan dengan tiga tokoh utama dalam cerita Santiago (TOM), Manolin (TB), the marlin (TF). Lebih lanjut, PK pengacuan yang dikaji hanya mencakupi PK pengacuan prononuna, dan PK leksikal kolokasi mencakupi kata-kata yang berkaitan langsung dengan ketiga tokoh utama tersebut. Data pemarkah kohesi dari teks sumber, OMS, dilacak terjemahannya di dalam teks sasaran, LTL. Butir terjemahan itu dipilah untuk mendapatkan terjernahan yang mengalami suatu pergeseran yaitu yang tidak berkorepondensi formal dengan unsur TSunya. Butir TSa yang bergeser itu dianalisis keadaan pergeserannya. Pergeseran dapat melibatkan bentuk terjemahan sebagai akibat dari digunakannya prosedur penerjemahan transposisi, atau dapat pula bersifat maknawi bila penerjemah menerapkan prosedur modulasi. Pergeseran akibat transposisi dapat dibedakan menjadi pergeseran aras dan kategori di mana yang terakhir ini dapat dibagi menjadi pergeseran struktur, kolas kata, satuan, dan sistem internal. Adapun pergeseran akibat modulasi dibedakan antara yang bersifat pergeseran sudut pandang dan cakupan makna. Pergeseran sudut pandang dirinci lagi menjadi perubahan negatif-positily aktif-pasif, dan fokus. Sedangkan pergeseran cakupan makna meliputi perubahan spesifik-generik, generikspesifik, dan perubahan yang bersifat pergantian.Hasil analisis data menunjukkan penerjemahan PK pengacuan secara relatif paling banyak mengalami pergeseran makna dengan kecenderungan pelemahan kohesi karena penggunaan padanan bahasa sasaran yang lebih rendah keeksplisitannya daripada unsur bahasa sumbernya. Pada penerjemahan PK penyulihan dan pelesapan, tcrjadi kecenderungan peningkatan kohesi karena terjemahan melibatkan unsur leksikal yang lebih lengkap (verba utama). Sebaliknya, dalam penerjemahan PK banyak digunakan bentuk lesap yakni padanan tidak hadir secara eksplisit. Penerjemahan PK leksikal juga lebih banyak menggunakan padanan yang keeksplisitannya lebih rendah.

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This research was stimulated by self-experience on translating which showed that translating was indeed a recreative effort in the sense that the translator should try hard to find the best translation equivalent ever available for every piece of the source language (SL) text. The problems faced by translators lie on a wide-overwhelming area covering grammatical and lexical differences and often including non-linguistic matters such as those of culture. This study focuses on the problems of translating cohesive items, i.e. linguistic elements that link parts in a text. Cohesive items, thus, play an important role for text unity that their translation needs a careful scrutiny.

This study aims at revealing (1) the cohesive items used by the author, (2) the items used by the translator as the translation of the cohesives, (3) the shifts that may happen in the translation of the cohesive items, and (4) the implication of the shifts. The novel The Old Man and the Sea (OMS) was taken as the main source of the source language data and its translation, Lelaki Tua dan Laut (LTL), of the target language (TL) data. The five cohesives were identified from OMS following the method developed by Halliday and Hasan. Further classification was done to the data to find their specifications. For some feasibility reasons, the reference and lexical cohesive items under investigation were restricted to those items related to the three main characters in the story, namely Santiago , Manolin, and the marlin. Moreover, the reference was only limited to the pronominal whereas the collocational lexical cahesives should only include those words that had direct association with the three main characters. Then, the SL data were traced to LTL to find their equivalents used by the translator in his translation These TL data were selected and classified to screen out those which underwent translation shifts of some kind, that is having no formal correspondence. It is the data of this quality that serve as the main data of this investigation. The translation shifts can be attributed to the translating procedure used by the translator. Transpositional procedure results in level shift and category shift, the latter of which is further divided into shifts of structure, class, unit, and internal system. Meanwhile, modulation procedure yields viewpoint shifts and semantic field shifts, both of them having a number of subdivisions.

The result of the data analysis shows a tendency of a weaker cohesion upon the translation of reference due to the use of TL items which in some respects less explicit Yet, the translation of substitution and ellipsis goes to the opposite direction, strengthen the cohesion. The reason seems to be that the TL tends to use more lexical items involving the main verb or noun head, just the elements under subsitution or ellipsis in the SL text. (in the other hand, the translation of conjunctions weakens the cohesion for the reason of the their absence in the TL text. Many of lexical cohesions are translated into TL equivalents with lower explicitness. The researcher fully realizes the complexity of textual cohesion and that this study touches only a little part of it. The intertextuality and the reader's background knowledge are among others to claim to play important roles in the integrity of a text. A similar but comprehensive study of this field would be warmly welcome to get a more exhaustive result."

"Masalah yang dikemukakan dalam skripsi ini adalah sebab-sebab hambatan dalam penerjemahan unsur-unsur bahasa yang mengungkapkan kenyataan-kenyataan kebudayaan dan ekologi dalam novel Royan Revolusi karya Ramadhan K-H ke dalam bahasa Prancis dan sifat padanan unsur-unsur bahasa yang mengungkapkan kenyataan-kenyataan kebudayoan don ekologi. Konsep-konsep yang digunakan dalam analisis bertumpu pada wawasan terjemahan, kebudayaan, don semantik. Korpus yang berhasil dikumpulkan terdiri dari 49 data yang padanannya memadai, 11 data yang padanannya tidak memadai, dan 26 data yang tidak diberi padanan. Setelah melakukan analisis dan berdasarkan korpus, penulis berkesimpulan bahwa penerjemah tidak menemuknn banyak hambatan dalam menerjemahkan novel Royan Revolusi de dalam bahasa Prancis. Hambatan yang ditemukan disebabkon oleh perbedaan faktor kebudayaan dan ekologi antara Indonesia dan Prancis. Jaian keluar yang biasa diambil untuk mengatasi masalah inl adalah dengan mencari padanan yang fungsi semantisnya dalam konteks kalimat sama dengan fungsi unsur-unsur bahasa Indonesia."