Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"DEnaturing gradient get electrophoresis was used to identify the bacterial community at the Gedongsongo (WGS-2) hot spring....."

"Many microorganisms capable of degrading petroleum components have been isolated and few of the seem to be important for petroleum biodegradation in natural environments...."

"

Latar Belakang : Infeksi intraabdomen (IIA) merupakan respons inflamasi peritoneum oleh mikroorganisme penyebab sepsis dan kematian kedua terbanyak di ruang intensive care unit (ICU).^1,2Complicated intra-abdominal infection worldwide observational study (CIAOW) menunjukkan angka kematian infeksi intraabdomen komplikata sebesar 10,5%. Terapi antimikroba atau antibiotik merupakan hal penting dalam penanganan IIA. Dalam mendukung keberhasilan penanganan kasus IIA dibutuhkan informasi akurat mengenai karakteristik dan pola kepekaan terhadap antibiotik yang dapat digunakan sebagai acuan penggunaan antibiotik pada kasus IIA. Tujuan: Mendapatkan karateristik mikrobiologis dan klinis pada kasus IIA dan mengetahui hubungan antara faktor klinis dan mikrobiologi dengan luaran klinis pasien.

Metode: Data diambil secara prospektif  dengan desain pontong lintang. Sampel penelitian berupa jaringan intraabdomen dan darah yang diambil saat pembedahan. Uji identifikasi dan uji kepekaan dilakukan untuk deteksi bakteri aerob dan bakteri anaerob. Hasil:. Infeksi intraabominal komplikata lebih banyak dibandingkan IIA non-komplikata (63,63%), kasus sepsis (63,63%) dan peritonitis (45,45%). Infeksi intraabominal terkait rumah sakit lebih banyak dibanding IIA komunitas yaitu 56,36%). Patogen yang paling sering ditemukan adalah Eschericia coli (34,78%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10,86%) dan Enterococcus faecalis ((8,69%). Pola kepekaan terhadap amikasin, meropenem, ertapenem dan tigesiklin adalah 100% pada isolat E. coli, sementara piperasilin/tazobaktam lebih rendah (90,62%), seftazidim dan sefepim (68,75%). Ditemukan E. coli resisten multiobat  (62,5%), K. pneumoniae resisten multiobat (50%) dan E. faecalis resisten multi obat (50%). Terdapat hubungan antara faktor klinis sepsis dengan luaran klinis. Pemberian terapi antimikroba sebaiknya mengacu kepada rekomendasi yang dibuat berdasarkan pola kuman dan pola kepekaan setempat.

Kesimpulan: Bakteri Gram negatif masih merupakan bakteri yang paling sering ditemukan pada kasus IIA. Dengan tingginya temuan bakteri resisten multiobat makan pemberian antimikroba harus mempertimbangkan cakupan antimikroba terhadap patogen penyebab.

<

---

Background: Intraabdominal infection (IAI) is the peritoneum inflammatory process due to microorganisms, the leading cause of sepsis, and the second cause of death in the intensive care unit (ICU). Complicated intra-abdominal infection worldwide observational study (CIAOW) showed the mortality rate of complicated IAI of 10.5%. Antimicrobial therapy or antibiotics is important in managements of IAI. Accurate information is needed to improve IAI management; regarding the characteristics and patterns of sensitivity of antibiotics as a reference for antibiotics use in IAI.

Aim: This study aims to obtain microbiological and clinical pictures in IAI and the correlation between clinical and microbiological factors with the patient’s clinical outcomes.

Method: Data were collected prospectively using a cross-sectional design. The sampel in this study is intraabdomen tissue and blood that was taken during surgery. Identification and antimicrobial sensitivity testing was carried out to detect aerob and anaerob bacteria.

Result: Complicated cases is larger in number more than non-complicated IAI (63.63%), sepsis (63.63%) and peritonitis (45.45%). Hospital-related IAI much more than community IAI (56.36%). The most common pathogens are Eschericia coli 34.78%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.86%) and Enterococcus faecalis (8.69%). The sensitivity of amikacin, meropenem, ertapenem and tigesycline was 100% in E. coli, while piperacillin/ tazobactam was lower (90.62%), ceftazidime and cefepime (68.75%). It was found that multi-drug E. coli was (62.5%), multi-drug resistant K. pneumoniae (50%) and multi-drug resistant E. faecalis (50%). There is correlation between sepsis clinical factors with patient’s outcome. The administration of antimicrobial therapy should refer to recommendations made based on local microba and sensitivity patterns. 

Conclusion: Gram-negative bacteria are still the most common bacteria found in patient intraabdominal infections. With the high findings of multi-drug resistant bacteria, antimicrobial administration must consider the antimicrobial coverage of the causative pathogen.

 

"

"Eksplorasi bakteri termofilik di Indonesia sangat penting untuk berbagai aplikasi industri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk identifikasi Gen 16S-rRNA dari bakteri termofilik yang terdapat di Mata Air Panas Cisolong, Banten. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan dua metode yaitu komersial GeneAll® Exgene™ dan LOC ChipGenie® Edition P. Hingga saat ini, belum ada yang melakukan identifikasi bakteri dari mata air panas dengan menggunakan LOC untuk purifikasi DNA. Oleh karena itu, dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian identifikasi bakteri dengan membandingkan kedua metode. Harapan kedepannya LOC dapat membantu purifikasi DNA secara langsung sehingga mempermudah identifikasi tanpa perlu di laboratorium.Penelitian selanjutnya juga akan dilakukan reverse engineering sehingga dapat membuat LOC sendiri. Variabel yang diujikan adalah hasil kemurnian, konsentrasi template DNA, dan identifikasi jenis bakteri. Purifikasi dilakukan dengan variasi jumlah kultur bakteri berdasarkan absorbansi agar dapat mengetahui jumlah bakteri optimum untuk LOC. Didapatkan hasil bahwa bakteri berhasil dipurifikasi menggunakan LOC pada variasi waktu kultur 4 dan 28 jam. Konsentrasi template DNA bakteri yang dihasilkan LOC juga baik dan dapat bersaing dengan kit komersial. Hasil PCR didapatkan bakteri sumber berada pada 1518 bp dan bakteri kolam 1422 bp. Bakteri berhasil diidentifikasi dengan BLAST dan berdasarkan pohon filogenetik, hubungan terdekat bakteri sumber yaitu Geobacillus kaustophilus strain BGSC 90A1 dan bakteri kolam yaitu Geobacillus thermoleovorans strain V0 chromosome.

---

Exploration of thermophilic bacteria in Indonesia is important for various industrial applications. This study aims to identify the 16S-rRNA gene from thermophilic bacteria found in Cisolong Hot Springs, Banten. Extraction was carried out by two methods, namely GeneAll® Exgene™ commercial kit and LOC ChipGenie® Edition P. To date, there has not yet been bacteria identification from hot springs using LOC for DNA purification. Therefore, in this study, a bacterial identification test carried out by comparing the two methods. The hope of this research is that in the future, LOC can be directly implemented in DNA purification, making it easier to identify without the need for laboratory procedures. In future research, reverse engineering will also be carried out so that we can make our own LOC. The variables tested were the results of DNA purity, templates concentration, and identification of the type of bacteria. Purification was also carried out by varying the number of bacterial cultures based on absorbance in order to determine the optimum number of bacteria for LOC. It was found that the bacteria were successfully purified using LOC at 4 and 28 hours of culture. The concentration yield of LOC is good and can compete with commercial kits. From the PCR results, it was found that the source bacteria were at 1518 bp and the pool bacteria at 1422 bp. Bacteria were identified by BLAST and based on the phylogenetic tree, the closest relationship to the source bacteria is Geobacillus kaustophilus strain BGSC 90A1 and the pool bacteria is Geobacillus thermolevorans strain V0 chromosome."

"Among twenty one isolates, obtained from "aren" (Aretga Rinnata) vinegar, 10 isolates were identified as acetic acid bacteria, belong to genus Acetobacter. Isolates no. 12 was used as inoculum for vinegar fermentation. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Y-17) was provided by University of Indonesia Culture Collection.Two hundred fifty grams of pineapple (Ananas comosus) peel was boiled for 1.5 hours and then filtered to obtain the extract. Aquadest was added into substrate to obtain 1 litre of extract and then added with 15% or 20% castor sugar. Substrate was sterilised at 121°C for 10 minutes.Fermentation was carried out in syrup bottle containing 540 ml substrate. Approximately 60 ml of starter containing mix-culture with diffrent ratio of 1 day old S. cer visiae (106 cfu/ml) and 5 days old Acetobacter sp. no.12 {10 cfu/ml) was inoculated into the substrate. The ratio of yeast cells to bacteria were follow: (1:1); (2:1); (3:1} or (4:1). Fermentation was set up in room temperature (3O -- 32°C for 1 month. The concentration of acetic acid was titrated with standarised NaOH.Result of this study showed that substrate with 15% sugar yielded (1.1 - 1.4)% acetic acid. The average acetic acid concentration from substrate with 20% sugar were (0.44 - 0.89%). It was concluded that substrate with 15% sugar gave higher concentration and the best ratio of starter was (1 : 1)."

"Sugar is a very important carbon and energy source for human. Thelocal production of sugar in indonesia is not adequate and alternativesources should be found. Microorganisms (Bacillus amyfoiiquefaciens, B. Iicheniformis, B. cereus, B. circulans, B. megaterium, B. polymyxa, B. stearothermophilus, Pyrococcus woeseg P. furiosus, Clostndium thermosulfurogenes, C. thermohydrosulfuricum, Aspergillus awamorL A. nigen A. oryzae, A. saitoil Mucor rouxianus, Penicillium oxalicum, Rhizopus deleman Aerobacter aerogenes, and Streptomyces) are known as producer ot on-amylase, glucoamylase, and pullulanase enzymes through of starch fermentation which may be converted into a sugar compound. A preliminary study on endophytic bacteria proved their ability to grow on soluble starch, glutinous rice, and pullulan. Pullulanase convert pullulan to maltotriosa. This enzyme may work synergistically with on-amylase and with glucoamylase for a better conversion of starch to glucose. An endophytic bacteria lCMe3 obtained from the Research and Development Centre for Biotechnology LIP! at Cibinong, Bogor was examined on its ability to produce pullulanse _ For this purpose, soluble starch 1%, cassava starch 1%, and pullulan 1% (all wlv), were used as carbon and energy source in Bakshi medium (Bakshi etal., 1993). The concentration of the inoculum_was 1.25 x 10° cells/ml. Incubation was carried out at : 30°C (room temperature) and 37°C (Mapiliandari, 1999), at pH 7.0 (Bakshi et al., 1993) and pH 5.0 (Mapiliandari, 1999). The fermentation process was terminated after 24 - 26 hours. The growth of lCNle3 varied depending on carbon source, temperature, and pH. The best growth was found on pullulan at pH 7.0 and incubation temperature of of 30°C . However, when the pH of the medium was lowered to 5.0 (Mapiliandari, 1999) and the incubation temperature 30°C a higher cell number (79.5) x 108 cells/ml was obtained on pullclan as carbon source. The bacteri was grown on cassava starch medium and the pullulanase activity studied. The synergism of pullulanase with amylase and with glucoamylase to degrade cassava starch was also studied. To obtain the crude enzyme extract, the cell mass was centrifuged with a Sorval RC - 26 Plus centrifuge. The Hltrate was then concentrated with UHF, sedimented with (NH4)2SO4, and dialized with buffer Na-acetat (pH 4.8). Activity of the crude enzyme was examined on cassava starch and onpullulan. The unit activity of enzyme was 1.374 U/ml on cassava starch,1.290 U/ml on pullulan, and the protein content was 0.039 mglml. The activity of the crude enzyme, after treatment with UHF, was 2.225 U/ml for pullulan, 2.527 U/mt for cassava starch, and the protein content was 0.014 mg/ml. The activity of the crude enzyme obtained after sedimentation with 60% saturation of (NH4)2SO4, was 1.156 U/ml for pullulan, 1.162 U/mi for cassava starch, the protein content 0.579 mg/ml. After dialysed with buffer Na-acetate (pH 4.8) the activity was 6.25 U/ml for pullulan, 6.45 U/ml for cassava starch with the protein content of 2.997 mg/ml. To study the optimum pH and temperaturefor the enzyme production, the isolate iCMe3 was grown on Bakshi medium with various pHs, : 4.0, 4.5, 4.8, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0 and incubated at various temperatures 30°C, 40°C 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C. The optimum pH for enzyme sinthesis on puliulan was 5.0 (4.81 U/ml) and on cassava starch 4.8 (13.27 U/ml). The optimum temperature for enzyme synthesis on pullulan was 40°C (26416 U/ml) and on cassava starch 50°C (22.34 U/ml). The best synergism of pullulanase with on-amylase for both C sources was 25% (dilution of enzyme), while the synergism with glucoamylase was 100% for pulluian and 50% for cassava starch to convere the starch (pullulanand cassava starch) glucose."

"The objective of this research is to study the potential use microorganisms which are identified as aeromonas sp. . Pseudomonas sp, flavobacterium sp, plesiomonas sp, and vibrio sp...."