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"The main subject of this research is to identify how the government policy is in implementing the Law No. of 2004 concerning Local Government in local government direct election (Pilkada). What the impact of local government direct election regarding the responsibility and the depose of the head of local government (kepala daerah) is; and how the future prospect relatiop between the head of local government and local parliament (DPRD) in performing the local administration as a result of the local election is.

The secondary source as the collected data is the main source in this research, collected through library research, which is supported by primary source that being fetched through interview with several respondents under purposive sampling. ln addition, all the collected data has been analyzed quantitatively. The outcome of this research is that the direct election of local govemment (pilkada) is the new paradigm of local govemment election in Indonesian history, and the government has already implemented the Law No. 32 of 2004 through law and regulation and socialized the election in order to succeed the local government election that will be started in 1 June 2005.

The impact of this election is that the head of local government only present annual final report to local parliament. Moreover, the head of local government should provide the local government administration progressive report to central government and inform this report to public. The direct impact of these tinal and progressive reports as well as the information to public is without any sanction that could depose the head of local government. The head of local government only can be ousted before the period because of violating the law.

The procedure of depose the head of local government due to the breach of law, may come from public because of the crisis concerning the leadership of the head of local government may also extend from local parliament because of the violation of the vow. Furthermore, the deposing may approach from president due to the allegation of conducting corruption, coup d'etat and terrorism.

The local government direct election (Pilkada) will provide the bright future for the performance of government administration.

The new issue found in this research is that although it is possible under Indonesian regulation, however the fact is that it is difficult for an individual to enter the local election as a personal candidate."

"Dengan dikeluarkannya kebijakan pemerintah melalui PP No. 12 tahun 1999 diharapkan netralitas politik birokrasi akan dapat terjamin tidak hanya dengan cara melepaskan keanggotaan PNS dalam Parpol, namun yang lebih penting adalah menegakkan sikap dan perilaku PNS agar benar-benar berorientasi kepada kepentingan publik dan profesional serta bersikap imparsial terhadap parpol. Penulisan tesis yang berjudul ?Netralitas Pegawai Negeri Sipil dalam Pilkada? ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif maupun metode penelitian empiris, dengan titik berat pada penelitian normatif. Maksud dan tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui secara yuridis netralitas pegawai negeri sipil dalam Pilkada dan mengetahui keberpihakan Pegawai Negeri Sipil dalam Pilkada Malang, Gowa dan Kutai Kertanegara.Secara yuridis netralitas Pegawai Negeri Sipil telah diatur dalam suatu Undang-Undang Nomor Peraturan Pemerintah No. 12 Tahun 1999 secara tegas menetapkan bahwa seorang pegawai negeri yang akfif dalam partai politik harus melepaskan statusnya sebagai pegawai negeri, namun yang sering terjadi, bahwa di Indonesia jabatan menteri misalnya, jabatan menteri bukan jabatan pegawai negeri, tetapi jabatan politik. Seringkali seorang menteri (yang berasal dari pegawai negeri) sulit memisahkan jabatan dirinya sebagai pejabat pemerintah yang juga sebagai fungsionaris partai. Yang menjadi permasalahannya adalah mengapa netralitas PNS dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah sangat diperlukan dan bagaimana mengupayakan netralitas PNS dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah? ada sejumlah larangan yang perlu diperhatikan sehubungan dengan penegakan netralitas birokrasi dan PNS, yakni:pertama,dalam kampanye dilarang melibatkan hakim pada semua peradilan, pejabat BUMN/BUMD pejabat struktural, pejabat fungsional dalam jabatan negeri serta Kepala Daerah, kecuali apabila pejabat tersebut menjadi calon Kepala Daerah/ Wakil Kepala Daerah. kedua,Pejabat negara yang menjadi calon Kepala Daerah/Wakil Kepala Daerah dalam melaksanakan kampanye tidak menggunakan fasilitas yang terkait dalam jabatannya, menjalani cuti di luar tanggungan negara dengan memperhatikan keberlangsungan tugas penyelenggaraan pemerintah daerah. Ketiga, PNS, anggota TNI/POLRI dilarang dilibatkan sebagai peserta kampanye atau juru kampanye pilkada. Keempat, Pejabat negara, pejabat struktural dan fungsional dalam jabatan negeri dan Kepala Daerah dilarang membuat keputusan dan/atau tindakan yang menguntungkan atau merugikan salah satu pasangan calon selama masa kampanye. Pada akhirnya diharapkan pemilu mendatang merupakan tonggak bagi redefinisi peran birokrat/ PNS sebagai public servan, tentunya berlaku juga pada pilkada langsung.

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With the issuance of government policy through the PP No. 12 Tahun 1999 expected the political neutrality of the bureaucracy will be guaranteed not only by civil servants to release membership in political parties, but more important is to uphold the attitude and behavior of civil servants in order to really oriented to the public interest and professional and impartial attitude towards political parties. The writing methods of this thesis entitled "Neutrality of Civil Servants in the elections" is a normative legal research methods and empirical research methods, with emphasis on normative research. The purpose and objective of this thesis is to obtain judicial neutrality of civil servants in the election and find out partisanship in the election of Civil Servants in Malang, Gowa and Kutai Kertanegara. Judicially, neutrality of Civil Servants has been regulated in PP No. 12 Tahun 1999 provides that a civil servant who is active in a political party should let go of his status as civil servants, but that often happens, that in the Indonesia office of the minister for instance, the post office of civil servants rather than ministers, but political office. Often a minister (which comes from civil servants) is difficult to positions itself as a government official who is also a party functionary. The problem is why the neutrality of civil servants in the Regional Head Election is needed and how to seek the neutrality of civil servants in local elections? There are some restrictions that need to be considered in connection with the enforcement of the neutrality of the bureaucracy and civil servants, namely: first, the campaigns are prohibited from involving judges in all courts, enterprises structural officers, functional officers in the country as well as regional head office, unless the officer is a candidate for the Head Regional / Deputy Regional Head. Second, the state officials who become candidates for Regional Head / Deputy Head of the Region in implementing the campaign does not use the associated facilities in the office, taking temporary leave without pay. Third, civil servants, members of the TNI/Police involved as participants are prohibited from campaign or election campaigners. Fourth, state officials, officials of the structural and functional in the country and regional heads of office are prohibited from making decisions and/ or actions that benefit or harm one of the candidates during the campaign. In the end, it expects the upcoming election is a major milestone for the redefinition of the role of bureaucrats / civil servants as a public servant, of course, applies also to direct election."

"Penelitian ini membahas mengenai mekanisme pemilihan Kepala Daerah secara langsung di Indonesia yang selanjutnya dikaitkan dengan teori Imam al-Mawardi. Dalam teorinya, Imam al-Mawardi menyebutkan bahwa Kepala Daerah diangkat oleh Kepala Negara. Terdapat dua pokok permasalahan dalam penelitian ini. Pertama, dari mekanisme pengisian jabatan Kepala Daerah yang pernah berlaku di Indonesia adakah yang sejalan dengan teori Imam al-Mawardi. Kedua, apakah pemikiran Imam al-Mawardi dapat diterapkan di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif, yaitu penelitian yang menggunakan data sekunder.Hasil penelitian ini adalah diantara mekanisme pengisian jabatan Kepala Daerah di Indonesia, yang sejalan dengan teori Imam al-Mawardi yaitu ketika masa berlakunya UU No. 22 Tahun 1948; UU No. 18 Tahun 1965; Penetapan Presiden No. 6 Tahun 1959; serta UU No. 5 Tahun 1974. Salah satu sifat yang dimiliki oleh fiqh yaitu muranah yang berarti bersifat luwes, fleksibel, atau lentur yang dapat berkembang seiring berubahnya tempat, waktu, situasi, dan kondisi. Karena sifat muranah dari fiqh tersebut, memungkinkan berkembangnya fiqh baru di bidang politik yang boleh jadi berbeda dengan teori Imam al-Mawardi. Karena itu, memaksakan penerapan suatu pemikiran fiqh lama atau bahkan usang, tidak sejalan dengan sifat hakekat dari fiqh itu sendiri. Akan tetapi, fakta historis di Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa pernah diterapkannya peraturan perundang-undangan yang sejalan dengan teori Imam al-Mawardi. Sehingga, dapat disimpulkan bahwa teori Imam al-Mawardi dimungkinkan untuk diterapkan di Indonesia.

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This research deals with the mechanisms of the Regional Head election directly in Indonesia that is associated with the theory of Imam al-Mawardi. In theory, the Imam al-Mawardi mentioned that Regional Head appointed by the Head of State. There are two principal problems in this research. First, mechanisms of position filling of Regional Head in Indonesia is that in accordance with the theory of Imam al-Mawardi. Second, how the application of the thinking of the Imam al-Mawardi in Indonesia. The research method used was the normative juridical, namely the research using secondary data.

The results of this research are among the mecanishm of position filling of the Regional Head in Indonesia, which is in accordance with the theory of Imam al-Mawardi among them when the enactment of Law Number 22 Year 1948; Law Number 6 Year 1965; Presidential Determination Number 6 Year 1959; as well as Law Number 5 Year 1974. One of the characteristic by the fiqh that is muranah which means are supple, pliable or flexible, which can grow as a centralized place, time, and conditions. Because fiqh are muranah, allowing the development of a new fiqh in the politics that may be different from the theory of Imam al-Mawardi. Therefore, impose the application of a thought-provoking event long or even obsolete, inconsistent with the nature of the substance of the event itself. However, the historical facts in Indonesia shows that ever applied the legislation in line with the theory of Imam al-Mawardi. So, it can be concluded that the theory of Imam al-Mawardi made possible for applied in Indonesia."

"Pasal 1 Ayat (1) UUD 1945 menentukan bahwa Indonesia adalah negara kesatuan yang berbentuk republik. Menurut C.F. Strong, pemerintah pusat negara kesatuan memegang kedaulatan internal dan kedulatan eksternal secara absolut dan tidak mengakui adanya badan berdaulat tambahan dalam pemerintahannya. Negara kesatuan sendiri memiliki sifat dasar yang sentralistik dari segi pemerintahannya. Hal tersebut konsekuen dengan ciri-ciri negara kesatuan yang pemerintahan pusatnya sebagai pengemban kedaulatan absolut negara. Lebih lanjut, pada Pasal 1 Ayat (2) UUD 1945 menegaskan bahwa kedaulatan negara berasal dari rakyat dan dijalankan berdasarkan konstitusi. Berdasarkan ketentuan tersebut, pemerintahan Negara Republik Indonesia harus senantiasa menerapkan sistem demokrasi pada lapangan pemerintahan mana pun. Dikaitkan dengan Pasal 18 UUD 1945 bahwa Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia dibagi atas daerah propinsi dan daerah propinsi dibagi atas daerah kabupaten dan kota. Masing- masing daerah tersebut ditetapkan sebagai daerah otonom yang memiliki pemerintahan sendiri, dan masing-masing daerah dipimpin oleh Kepala Daerah yang dipilih secara demokratis. Selaras dengan ketentuan dalam konstitusi, Undang-Ungang Nomor 32 Tahun 2004 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah pada Pasal 24 Ayat (5) mengatur cara pengisian Kepala Daerah yang dipilih secara langsung. Di dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2004 juga diatur mengenai penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah yang berasaskan otonomi daerah. Hubungan antara susunan negara kesatuan, otonomi daerah dan pemilihan kepala daerah secara langsung dalam negara yang pemerintahannya menganut sistem demokrasi seperti Indonesia adalah fokus bahasan yang akan dianalisis dalam penulisan skripsi ini.

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Article 1 Paragraph 1 of The Constitution 1945, determines that indonesia is an unitary state with structured of unitary and form of republic. According to C.F. Strong, the central government of the unitary state held the internal and external sovereignity absolutely and not admits of additional sovereign organ within in the government. The unitary state it self has a basic characteristic which centralistic in the term of its government. This is consistent with the characteristic features of the unitary state which the central government as the bearers of absolute state sovereignity. Furthermore, Article 1 Paragraph 2 of The Constitution 1945 asserted that state sovereignity comes from citizens and operated according to the constitution. Departing from this recuirment, the government of indonesia has to apply the democratic system in any government field. Associated with article 18 of the constitution 1945 that republic of indonesia is divided into provinces and provinces are devided into districs and municipal areas. In accordance with recuirment in constitution, Act Number 32 of 2004 on Local Government, on Article 24 Paragraph 5 regulates the position charging way of directly elected regional head. In the Act Number 32 of 2004 stipulates regarding about the implementation of local government which based on local autonomy principles. The relation between unitary staate structure, local aoutonomy, and direct local election in the state governing democracies like indonesia is a disccussion that will be analyzed in this thesis."

"The impeachment system implemented in law no 32 of the year 2004 still uses representative mechanism with centralistic nature. The system is controvercial with direct democratic values. However, referendum can be used as an ideal legal mechanism imposed on the head of region impeachment."