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"A study research of absorption-of lead metal in liquid by chiken eggshell and lime as comparision substance has be conducted. This research absorpstion capacity,and Pb desorption with saturated NH4CL

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"Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh logam berat timbal (Pb) terhadap perkecambahan biji kangkung (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.) telah dilakukan. Konsentrasi timbal (Pb) yang digunakan yaitu 0, 50, 100, 150, dan 200 μM. Beberapa parameter telah diamati pada uji perkecambahan. Uji perkecambahan dilakukan dengan mengecambahkan masing-masing lima belas biji kangkung dengan enam ulangan dengan media perkecambahan berupa rockwool. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan one-way ANOVA. Hasil uji perkecambahan menunjukkan terjadinya penurunan nilai seiring bertambahnya konsentrasi timbal (Pb) terhadap parameter berat basah tajuk dan akar, panjang tajuk dan akar, indeks vigor bibit/seedling vigor index (SVI), dan indeks toleransi (TI).

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The research study aimed to determine the effect of heavy metal lead (Pb) on the germination of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.). Lead (Pb) concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM were used. Several parameters were observed during the germination test, which involved germinating fifteen water spinach seeds per rockwool support with six replicates. The obtained data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The results of the germination test showed a decrease in shoot and root fresh weight, shoot and root length, seed vigor index (SVI), and tolerance index (TI ) as the lead (Pb) concentration increased."

"Landfills Namo Bintang located on the street Pancurbatu - Delitua, sub Pancur Batu, Deli Serdang regency, is a reservoir of waste that came from Medan city and District Pancurbatu. With the operation of the wholesale market Tuntungan (moving from the morning market in Medan Sutomo road) which is located about 3 km from the landfill, then the volume jpf waste in the landfill Namo Bintang will be increased and more smell; reopening of the landfill to collect the garbage from the wholesale market on the market Pancurbatu. Landfills Namo Bintang yet have sewage treatment facilities into materials that are more useful for example compost, landfills is impressed less attention and garbage only in landfills without ig processed at all. The number of garbage collectors who came to take it waste, scrap metal, etc., make it look alive landfill, but the location is seedy and smelly. Around the landfill, there are houses, mostly of ethnic and Java. The content of heavy metals in water wells around the 11, creates a need for us to conduct research chemical analysis of the We from landfills Namo Bintang, whether leachate from the landfill Bintang has been contaminated by heavy metals such as (0,00034mg/L), iron(0,00078mg/L), zinc(0,00S7MG/l), (0,00058mg/L), lead(0,00087mg/L) and arsenic(0,00032mg/L) e garbage is piled on the location of the landfill. The results of laboratory analyzes showed no heavy metals exceeded the threshold contained in the leachate from the three locations. This proves the absence of that occurred in leachate from three sampling sites"

"The general term of zone refining denotes a family of methods for controlling the distribution of soluble impurities or solutes in crystalline materials. In such methods a short molten zone travels slowly through a relatively long solid charge and, while traveling, redistributes the solutes in the charge. In this work, Zone, refining will be applied expereimentally to purify Lead (Pb). Lead (Pb) has been using in Lead Acid battery for long time. As a main active material, the purity of Lead (Pb) is very important. It's purity, directly affect to the life cycle of battery. The main purpose of this work is to obtain a phenomeon of the impuritiy compositions in Lead (Pb) after purified by zone refining. Furthermore, this experiment can obatain an alternative method to purify Lead (Pb) by Zone refining method."

"Pengamatan terhadap kandungan logam berat dalam sedimen telah dilakukan di perairan Teluk Jakarta pada bulan Juni dan September 2003. Kadar logam berat dalam sedimen di bagian Barat Teluk Jakarta berkisar antara Pb = 8,49-31,22 ppm, Cd = <0,001-0,47 ppm, Cu = 13,81-193,75 ppm, Zn = 82,18-533,59 ppm dan Ni = 0,99-35,38 ppm, sedangkan bagian Tengah Teluk Jakarta, kadar Pb berkisar antara 2,21-69,22 ppm, Cd = <0,001-0,28 ppm, Cu = 3,36-50,65 ppm, Zn = 71,13-230,54 ppm dan Ni = 0,42-15,58 ppm dan bagian Timur Teluk Jakarta, kadar Pb berkisar antara 0,25-77,42 ppm, Cd = <0,001-0,42 ppm, Cu = 0,79-44,94 ppm, Zn = 93,21-289,00 ppm dan Ni = 0,42-128,47 ppm. Kadar logam berat dalam sedimen di bagian Barat Teluk Jakarta lebih tinggi dibandingkan di bagian Tengah dan Timur Teluk Jakarta. Sedimen di bagian Barat Teluk Jakarta mempunyai tekstur berupa lumpur yang berwarna hitam, hal ini terbukti bahwa sedimen yang mempunyai tekstur berupa lumpur mengandung logam berat yang cukup tinggi.

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Observation on Heavy Metals in Sediment of Jakarta Bay Waters. Observation on heavy metals in Jakarta Bay, from June and September 2003. Heavy metals Pb in sediment at the West have been conductet of Jakarta Bay Waters varied between Pb = 8,49-31,22 ppm, Cd = <0,001-0,47 ppm, Cu = 13,81-193,75 ppm, Zn = 82,18-533,59 ppm and Ni = 0,99-35,38 ppm,while those at the Center of Jakarta Bay, varied between Pb = 2,21-69,22 ppm, Cd = <0,001-0,28 ppm, Cu = 3,36-50,65 ppm, Zn = 71,13-230,54 ppm and Ni = 0,42-15,58 ppm and at the East of Jakarta Bay, Pb content varied between 0,25-77,42 ppm, Cd = <0,001-0,42 ppm, Cu = 0,79-44,94 ppm, Zn = 93,21-289,00 ppm and Ni = 0,42-128,47 ppm. Hevy metals content in sediment the West of Jakarta Bay was high of equivalent the Center and East of Jakarta Bay. At than those composition sediment at the west was black, that indicated high heavy metals content."

"Dalam paper ini akan dipaparkan langkah-langkah desain dan realisasi tranceiver SFGPR pada frekwensi kerja 1- 2 GHz untuk aplikasi deteksi logam dalam tanah. Sebelum prototip SFGPR diuji, dilakukan proses kalibrasi hubungan langsung untuk kalibrasi fasa dan pulsa monocycle. Setelah proses kalibrasi selesai, prototip SFGPR (Stepped Frequency Ground Penetrating Radar) ini kemudian diuji untuk mendeteksi silinder logam yang ditanam pada kedalaman 5 cm dibawah tanah dalam suatu kotak tanah nonhomogen berukuran 25 cm x 75 cm x 10 cm. Dari hasil kalibrasi dan uji deteksi silinder logam diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa, prototip SFGPR dapat bekerja dengan baik sesuai spesifikasi yang telah ditetapkan.

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Design and Implementation of 1-2 GHz Stepped Frequency GPR for Buried Metal Detection. In this paper, we describe the design and realization steps of 1 ? 2 GHz SFGPR (Stepped Frequency Ground Penetrating Radar) transceiver for metal detection under the ground. Before using prototyped GPR for detecting the metal under the ground, several of calibration processes must be performed, namely phase calibration and monocycle pulse waveform calibration. After completing the calibrations, this prototyped GPR would be ready for detecting a hidden object such as a metal plate 5 cm under the ground in our small test range size 25 cm x 75 cm x 10 cm. From the calibration and detection results, we concluded that the prototyped SFGPR passed the technical specifications of the design and could perform the metal detection under the ground with high SNR."