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"Addressing to the environmental and energy crises in Indonesia, the new alternative of green-economic energy sources is required.In this study marine microalgae were isolated from oil-polluted coastal zone in Batam Island for alternative energy sources....."

"Tesis ini membahas tentang kesesuaian implementasi terhadap kebijakan dan respon tanggap darurat yang dimiliki oleh perusahaan dan dibandingkan dengan standar yang dimiliki oleh pemerintah Indonesia yaitu Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan No.58 tahun 2013 tentang penanggulangan pencemaran di perairan dan pelabuhan serta kesesuaian implementasi dengan menggunakan assessment tool berdasarkan National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1600. Apabila kemudian ditemukan perbedaan antara kedua standard tersebut, maka akan dilakukan upaya perbaikan pada prosedur yang dimiliki oleh perusahaan agar terciptanya perbaikan terus-menerus untuk kesiapan respon Tier-1. Dalam insiden tumpahan minyak peraturan menteri perhubungan No.58 tahun 2013 dan elemen pencegahan dalam NFPA 1600 dapat diimplemtasikan dengan melakukan penilaian risiko. Tujuan dari penilaian risiko ini untuk mengetahui tingkat kemungkinan, keparahan dan resiko terjadinya tumpahan minyak di fasilitas PT. X. Setelah melakukan penilaian risiko dapat disiapkan rencana penanggulangan tumpahan minyak yang merupakan elemen mitigasi dalam NFPA 1600. Penanggulangan tumpahan minyak mempertimbangkan strategi response, tim penanggulangan, kecukupan peralatan dan response time sebelum tumpahan sampai ke pantai. Hasil simulasi dengan mengunakan software trajectory modelling diperoleh informasi waktu tercepat tumpahan minyak menuju garis pantai. Kemampuan penanggulangan tumpahan minyak dapat ditentukan berdasarkan jumlah tumpahan minyak, peralatan yang dimiliki, tim yang kompeten serta strategi response yang tepat.

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The thesis was looking for compliance for emergency response system for oil spill policy and implementastion in company PT.X, conformity with standard of Indonesia regulation, Manistry of Sea Transportation No. 58, 2013 and research used assessment tool from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1600 edition 2013. Element prevention in Manistry of Sea Transportation No. 58, 2013 and research used assessment tool from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1600 edition 2013 for oil spill incident can be implemented by performing risk assessment. The purpose of risk assessment to determine the level of likelihood, severity and relative risk of oil spills in the PT.X. Oil spill contigency plan can be prepared after conducted a risk assessment, which part of of the implemented of mitigation, consider of strategy of response, combat team, oil spill equipments, response time before spill hit the shoreline. The simulation form software trajectory modelling result information time of oil spills to the shoreline. The ability of the oil spill response can be determined based on oil psill volume, oil spill equipments, oil spill team combat and strategy of response."

"Indonesia, dengan kekayaan 60 cekungan sedimen, memiliki sejarah panjang dalam industri minyak dan gas. Blok Minyak Lepas Pantai Tenggara Sumatera (OSES) merupakan wilayah kerja migas yang memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap produksi minyak dan gas bumi. Sistem OSRE Oil Boom dikembangkan sebagai solusi inovatif untuk mengatasi tumpahan minyak di laut, khususnya di wilayah Blok OSES. Sistem ini terdiri dari boom dan jib-arm pada kapal untuk menampung dan mengarahkan minyak ke tempat penampungan. Pengembangan Sistem OSRE Oil Boom didasarkan pada penggabungan observasi lapangan, Finite Element Analysis (FEA), diagram Ishikawa, dan penilaian risiko. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan oil boom secara signifikan meningkatkan hambatan dan daya kapal. Struktur sling, jib-arm, dan rangka OSES telah diuji dan terbukti aman serta mampu menahan beban oil boom di laut. Aspek-aspek Etika Insinyur dan K3L telah terpenuhi dengan baik. Analisis K3L mengidentifikasi enam (6) potensi utama risiko kecelakaan kerja yang dapat terjadi pada kegiatan operasional OSRE. Diharapkan, pengembangan Sistem OSRE Oil Boom dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas penanganan tumpahan minyak di laut, serta meminimalisir dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan.

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Indonesia, blessed with 60 sedimentary basins, boasts a rich history in the oil and gas industry. The Southeast Sumatra Offshore Oil Block (OSES) is a key contributor to the country's oil and gas production. The OSRE Oil Boom System has been developed as an innovative solution to address offshore oil spills, particularly in the OSES Block region. This system comprises a boom and jib-arm on a vessel to collect and direct oil to a containment reservoir. The development of the OSRE Oil Boom System is grounded in a combination of field observations, Finite Element Analysis (FEA), Ishikawa diagrams, and risk assessment. Analysis indicates that the presence of the oil boom significantly enhances the vessel's resistance and power. The sling structure, jib-arm, and OSES frame have undergone rigorous testing and have been proven to be safe and capable of withstanding the oil boom's load at sea. Ethical Engineering and OHS aspects have been thoroughly addressed. OHS analysis has identified six (6) primary potential occupational accident risks during OSRE operational activities. The development of the OSRE Oil Boom System is anticipated to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of offshore oil spill management, while minimizing negative environmental impacts."

"ABSTRAKKegiatan eksplorasi dan eksploitasi industri minyak dan gas bumi di lepas pantai berpotensi menyebabkan terjadinya pencemaran laut akibat tumpahan minyak. Tumpahan minyak dapat merusak ekosistem terumbu karang. Setiap wilayah ekosistem terumbu karang di perairan memiliki tingkat kepekaan yang berbeda terhadap pencemaran tumpahan minyak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi dan tingkat kepekaan ekosistem terumbu karang dan menentukan strategi mitigasi penanganan pencemaran tumpahan minyak berdasarkan tingkat kepekaan lingkungan ekosistem terumbu karang di perairan Selat Madura sekitar wilayah kerja Santos Sampang Pty Ltd. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah metode kuantitatif dan metode kualitatif dengan mengacu pada National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA dan beberapa rumus yang dikembangkan dari beberapa sumber. Hasil penelitian ini adalah 31, 25 terumbu karang dalam kondisi bagus, 25 moderat, 25 rusak dan 18,75 sangat rusak. Tingkat kepekaan terumbu karang di wilayah riset dikategorikan cukup peka di 9 wilayah 56,25 dari seluruh wilayah studi , kategori peka di 6 wilayah 37,50 dari seluruh wilayah studi dan kategori sangat peka di 1 wilayah studi 6,25 dari seluruh wilayah studi . Informasi tingkat kepekaan ekosistem terumbu karang tersebut digunakan untuk menentukan wilayah prioritas penanggulangan apabila terjadi tumpahan minyak dengan menggunakan model penyebaran tumpahan minyak. Kesimpulannya adalah tingkat kepekaan ekosistem terumbu karang berbeda-beda dan dapat dijadikan pertimbangan dalam strategi penanggulangan pencemaran minyak.

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ABSTRACTExploration and exploitation activities of offshore oil and gas industries could potentially cause pollution because of oil spill in the ocean. The oil spill can damage the coral ecosystem. Each ecosystem territorial has different level of sensitivity towards oil spill pollution. The objective of this research is to measure conditions and sensitivity levels of the coral ecosystem around working area of Santos Sampang Pty Ltd which is located in Madura Strait and to determine mitigation strategy in handling the oil spill pollution based on the acquired sensitivity levels of coral reef ecosystem. The result shows that 31.25 of the coral reef are in good condition, 25 moderate, 25 damaged, and 18.75 highly damaged. Research method in this research are quantitative and qualitative method that referred to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA and some formulas developed from several sources. Sensitivity level of the coral reef in the territorial of interest in this study can be categorised as quite sensitive 9 areas 56.25 of research areas , 6 areas as sensitive 37.50 of research areas and 1 area as very sensitive 6.25 of research area . Those acquired sensitivity levels of the coral ecosystem was utilised to determine territorial level of priority for countermeasure in case of oil spill occurrence by using oil spill trajectory modelling. The conclusion is the coral in the region of study has different environment level of sensitivity and can be considered in the oil spill countermeasure strategy"

"ABSTRAKKegiatan usaha minyak dimulai dari eksplorasi sampai ke proses pengilangan memiliki potensi menghasilkan tumpahan minyak bumi. Pencemaran lingkungan akibat tumpahan minyak terus terjadi karena Indonesia sebagai negara penghasil minyak dalam jumlah yang cukup besar. Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah tumpahan minyak mencemari tanah dan air yang merusak lingkungan hingga menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi nelayan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis tingkat pencemaran tanah dan pencemaran air, menganalisis tingkat efektivitas penurunan TPH dengan penggunaan bioremediasi dan penambahan zeolit, mengevaluasi kerugian ekonomi nelayan, dan mengevaluasi kelayakan bioremediasi dan zeolit. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode campuran yaitu gabungan antara metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah tanah dan air di lokasi penelitian tercemar minyak bumi. Penggunaan bioremediasi dan penambahan zeolit mampu untuk menurunkan kandungan hidrokarbon. Penurunan pendapatan dirasakan nelayan akibat terjadinya tumpahan minyak. Kesimpulan penelitian ini penggunaan bioremediasi dan zeolit mampu menurunkan kandunganTPH sebesar 99% namun memerlukan pengurangan dosis dan kuantitas serta diperlukan pengendalian tumpahan minyak dari pihak industri agar bioremediasi dan zeolit dapat efektif untuk diterapkan di Desa Sedari, Kecamatan Cibuaya, Kabupaten Karawang. Selain itu, rata-rata kerugian nelayan pada sektor perikanan akibat tumpahan minyak sebesar 76%.

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ABSTRACTThe oil business activities begin from the process of exploration until oil refining which has a potential of producing oil spills. The environmental pollution due to oil spills remain to exist as Indonesia is an oil-producing country with significant oil production volumes. This research focuses on the issue of oil spills contaminating soil and water that pollute the environment which causes detrimental economic effects to fishermen. The purpose of this research is to analyze the level of soil and water contamination, analyze the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) by using bioremediation and adding zeolite, evaluate the economic loss for the fishermen, and evaluate the feasibility of bioremediation and zeolite. The method utilized is a mixed method of quantitative and qualitative method. The outcome of this research is that the soil and the water at the research site have been polluted with oil contamination. The use of bioremediation and zeolite may decrease the hydrocarbon content. The decline of income due to the oil spills affected the fishermen. The conclusion of this research on the use of bioremediation and zeolite could decrease the TPH content amounting to 99% however it requires a reduction in dosage and quantity as well as oil spill control from the industry so that bioremediation and zeolites can be effective in Sedari Village, Cibuaya District, Karawang Regency. In the addition, the average of the fishermen economic loss on the fishery sector due to the oil spills were amounting to 76%."

"This book explains the real causal factors leading up to the worst environmental catastrophe in U.S. history, a disaster from which it will take decades to recover."

"In this, the first book on the effects of Exxon Valdez in 15 years, scientists directly involved in studying the spill provide a comprehensive perspective on, and synthesis of, scientific information on long-term spill effects. The coverage is multidisciplinary, with chapters discussing a range of issues including effects on biota, successes and failures of post-spill studies and techniques, and areas of continued disagreement. An even-handed and critical examination of more than two decades of scientific study, this is an invaluable guide for studying future oil spills and, more broadly, for unraveling the consequences of any large environmental disruption."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui keragaman jenis mamalia di areal bernilai konservasi tinggi (NKT) di perkebunan sawit Sumatra.  Penelitian juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui menajemen areal NKT dalam menunjang keberadaan mamalia di dalamnya.  Penelitian variasi mamalia di area NKT dilakukan melalui analisis data sekunder dari hasil pemasangan kamera perangkap yang telah dipasang selama kurun waktu 2016-2018.  Hasil yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis untuk mengetahui nilai keragaman dan kerapatannya.  Sementara itu, penelitian manajemen areal NKT dilakukan dengan metode wawancara.  Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dijabarkan secara deskriptif.  Diketahui, manajemen areal NKT meliputi proses perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pengkoordinasian, dan pengontrolan sumber daya.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat 26 spesies mamalia dari 6 ordo yaitu Artiodactyla (6 spesies), Carnivora (11 spesies), Perissodactyla (1 spesies), Primata (5 spesies), Rodentia (7 spesies), dan Scandentia (1 spesies).  Secara umum, tingkat keanekaragaman jenis mamalia di kawasan konservasi tersebut berada dalam kategori sedang.  Terdapat beberapa mamalia yang mendominasi antara lain Macaca nemestrina, Sus scrofa, Sus barbatus, dan Muntiacus muntjak

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ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to know the diversity of mammals in the area of High Conservation Value (HCV) and to know the manajement of HCV area in oil palm of Sumatra.  The study of variety of mammalian species carried out through the analysis of secondary data from the results of the installation of camera traps that has a fitted over a period of 2016-2018. Of the results obtained next analyzed in order to its diversity and density.  Meanwhile, the study of HCV area management carried out through the interview. The data obtained next elaborated to a sort of descriptive set. It is known that the HCV management covering the planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling process. Based on this study results, there are 26 species of mammals of the order of Artiodactyla (6), Carnivora (11), Perissodactyl (1), Primate (5), Rodentia (7), and Scandentia (1). The level of species diversity in HCV area is in medium category.  Based on index value evenness, there are several dominated mammalian species such as Macaca nemestrina, Sus scrofa, Sus barbatus, and Muntiacus muntjak."