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"Pemanasan global adalah masalah dunia, sudah banyak negara membuat kebijakan untuk mengurangi penyebab pemanasan global. Pembuangan gas dari hasil pembakaran bahan bakar fosil yang digunakan kendaraan bermotor adalah salah satu penyebab pemanasan global. Saat ini telah ditemukan mobil yang berteknologi hibrida, mobil yang ramah lingkungan dan hemat bahan bakar. Para pengusaha mengeluhkan pengenaan tarif pajak yang tinggi, PPnBM dan Bea Masuk, menyebabkan harga mobil hibrida menjadi lebih mahal.Penelitian ini menjelaskan perlunya insentif pajak diberikan untuk mobil berteknologi hibrida, kebijakan negara lain terhadap mobil hibrida dan manfaat-manfaat yang akan dirasakan jika mobil ini sudah banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif eksploratif. Tipe penelitian adalah deep interview. Mobil hibrida adalah salah satu solusi untuk mengurangi polusi udara. Pemerintah seharusnya mempertimbangkan untuk memberikan insentif pajak untuk mobil hybrid. Mobil hibrida dapat mengurangi produksi emisi dan juga hemat dalam pemakaian bahan bakar. Jika pemerintah, memberikan insentif pajak untuk mobil hibrida, pembeli mobil hibrida akan meningkat. Jadi, akan mengurangi polusi udara dan hemat dalam pemakaian bahan bakar.

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Global warming is become the world?s problem, therefore many countries make policies to reduce the cause of global warming. Gas uptake from the ignition of fossil fuel that been used for vehicle is one of the caused global warming. In this days, already invented car with hybrid technology, car that have less air pollution and thrifty fuel. The industrialists complain about the high tax rate, luxury tax and customs, which caused the price of hybrid car, become expensive. This research aim is to explain how important tax incentive that have to give for the car with hybrid technology, about the policies in other countries with the hybrid car, and benefits if this car is use by many people.This research uses the explorative qualitative method. Type of this research is deep interview. Hybrid car is one of the solutions to reduce air pollution. Government should consider giving incentive tax for hybrid car. If government give tax incentive for hybrid car, people that want to buy hybrid car will increase. So it will reduce air pollution and thrift consumption fuel."

"Zakat has an important position In Islam. It becomes religion obligation as well as a function for increasing the prosperity of social life. Through zakat, income of people which has more economic's ability is distributed to the people who have a right to earn. As a result, it creates the equal condition of income, wealth, and social justice in society.For Moslem paying zakat is a must. But in Islam, besides zakat, there are another duties in the wealth which have to pay for. One of them is the obligation for paying income tax as a proof of people's obedience to the leaders and the participation in the development. This condition makes the moslem have to suffer double obligation. In order to minimize an obligation Indonesian government carried out the policy which counted zakat as the nett income deduction regarding the income tax. Different with Indonesia, in Malaysia zakat that had been paid by Moslem can deduct tax obligation as a tax credit of individual income tax. One interesting thing from it's difference is, implementation of this policy does not cause decreasing of tax revenue but increase the revenue both zakat and tax instead.This research studied the possibility of zakat policy implementation as a tax credit of individual income tax in Indonesia based on Malaysia's implementation. It tried to describe the comparation between tax and zakat management in Malaysia and Indonesia, some justification of policy implementation in Indonesia, and the obstacle of policy. This research used qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. Besides, this research can be classified into pure and cross sectional research. The data is collected by field research through depth interview with informans and literatures from articles, books, rules, and other sources.The result of this research shows the possibility of implementation this policy in Indonesia with some justifications. First, this policy can support the government's duty to increase citizen prosperity. Second, it can increase zakat and tax revenue. Third, it can dissappear double obligation burden. Although, there are some obstacles that must be faced to implemente this policy, such as structure of zakat collecting organization, the absence of penalty in zakat law, political will of government, self-internal factor, interreligious problem, and other administration problems."

"Dalam melaksanakan amanat UU PPh nomor 36 tahun 2008 tentang pemberian keringanan pajak penghasilan. Pemerintah membuat perarturan pelaksana yang tercantum pada PP nomor 52 tahun 2011. Salah satu industri yang mendapatkan insentif pajak penghasilan adalah Industri Panas Bumi. Namun sejak disahkannya peraturan ini belum ada industri panas bumi yang mengajukan fasilitas ini. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, peneliti ingin menganalisis dasar dan perkembangan pemberian insentif pajak penghasilan di Indonesia, menganalisis peran insentif pajak penghasilan atas industri panas bumi. Selain itu, menganalisis substansi kebijakan insentif pajak penghasilan dengan menggunakan teori evaluasi knoepfel terdiri dari extent of target group, effectiveness, dan relevance. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif, tujuan penelitian deskriptif dan teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan studi literatur. Peneliti menemukan bahwa pemerintah tidak konsisten dalam pemberian insentif karena masih terdapat insentif pajak yang tidak ada peraturan pelaksananya, Insentif pajak penghasilan bukan menjadi satu-satunya faktor pertimbangan investasi panas bumi. Selain itu, insentif pajak penghasilan tidak dapat menarik investor karena tidak sesuai dengan karateristik industri panas bumi.

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Government have made some regulation on Government Regulation about income tax incentive for investment in Indonesia. It was mandated by law of income tax. One of industries who get incentive is Geothermal Industries. But, about more than 5 years this regulation was implemented, no one geothermal industries proposed to get this incentive.

Based on this problem, researcher whats to analize about substantion policy of income tax incentive. Beside that, researcher whats to know what a based of geothermal regulation. The last aim for researching is evaluate the policy of income tax incentive with knoepfel's theory such as extent of target group, effectiveness, and relevance. With qualitative research approach, descriptive research purposes and interview and Library Research data collection methods.

Reacherher found that government unconsistent in make regulation of incentive. Because there was regulation didn’t have excecution regulation. Tax income incentive was not one of factor of investor consideration will investation or not. And than, tax incme incentive couldn’t make investor interest because geothermal industries have different characteristic with other."

"Kebijakan imbalan bunga dalam sengketa pajak yang diatur dalam Undangundang Ketentuan Umum dan Tata Cara Perpajakan KUP 2007 dan Peraturan Pemerintah No. 74 Tahun 2011 berpotensi menimbulkan ketidaksetaraan diantara Wajib Pajak dan fiskus. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan perkembangan kebijakan imbalan bunga dalam sengketa pajak dan meninjau kebijakan dengan asas kesetaraan. Pendekatan yang digunakan diberlakukannyaa adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik wawancara mendalam dan studi pustaka. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa realisasi kebijakan tersebut tidak sepenuhnya setara.

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The policy of interest on overpayment related to tax dispute which stipulated in Tax Administration Law and Procedure Year 2007 and Government Regulation Number 74 2011 potentially caused unfairness between taxpayer and tax authority. This research describes the development of the interset policy related to to tax dispute and reviewing the policy with the fair play principle. This research uses descriptive qualitative method with in-depth interview and literature study techniques. This research finds that the interest policy is not fully fair."

"Salah satu sumber pendapatan negara yaitu pajak. Pajak merupakan iuran yang bersifat wajib bagi setiap warga negara kepada negara. Bagi Wajib Pajak, pajak merupakan beban. Wajib Pajak dapat meminimalkan beban pajak dengan melakukan perencanaan pajak. Perencanaan pajak adalah langkah awal dalam manajemen pajak. Manajemen pajak merupakan sarana memenuhi kewajiban perpajakan dengan benar sesuai dengan peraturan perpajakan, tetapi jumlah pajak yang dibayarkan dapat ditekan seminimal mungkin untuk memperoleh laba dan likuiditas yang diharapkan. Perencanaan pajak sangat berperan dalam meminimalkan pajak terutang. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui peranan perencanaan pajak pada PT. A yang dilakukan secara legal agar tidak merugikan negara dan perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan pajak sangat berperan dalam pajak penghasilan yang harus dibayar perusahaan.

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One source of funding that the state taxes. Taxes is a compulsory fee for every citizen to the state. For tax payers, the tax is a burden. Tax payers can minimize the tax burden by making tax planning. Tax planning is first step in tax management. Tax Management is a means to satisfy tax obligations correctly and according to tax regulation, but the amount of tax paid can be kept to a minimum to obtain the expected profit and liquidity. Tax planning was instrumental in minimizing the tax payable. This research was conducted to determine the role of tax planning at PT.A is done legally so as not to harm the state and the company. The results showed that tax planning is very involved in the income tax to be paid company."

"This observation has objectives to acquire some opinions regarding understanding of tax payers against tax regulation, implementation of taxation criminal cases' observation to be used as shock therapy for the tax payers, and positive impact of the observation as an effort to uphold tax payers submission to the law.

Theoretical background is based onto criminal law as a public law, and the tax law is also an integral part of the public law, therefore both laws are in one systematical union. Close relation between the criminal law and the tax law can be distinctly seen by existence of criminal rules in the tax law.

Tax observation as a repressive approach, is the last effort to be implemented against the tax payers in order to uphold the tax law. If tax observation can be implemented properly, this will lead to submission increment of tax payers in fulfilling their tax obligations which in turn can increase state income from tax sector.

From respondent answers can be known that, the tax payers still face difficulty in understanding the existing tax law and regulation, and this influences the tax payers' submission to fulfill their obligations properly. Respondents also have opinion that the shock therapy executed will serve as a deterrent, so that by executing such therapy it is expected the tax payers will become afraid to commit criminal action in taxation.

To increase tax payers' understanding regarding the tax law and regulation, tax administrator must be proactive in giving consultation and education to the tax payers, because if tax payers can understand more, it is expected to increase their awareness and submission to pa' their taxes properly."

"Penelitian ini membahas disain kebijakan insentif pajak atas industri Low Cost & Green Car (LCGC) di Indonesia. Penelitian ini mengangkat dua permasalahan, yaitu bentuk insentif yang dibutuhkan oleh industri LCGC dan manfaat yang akan diperoleh dengan diberikannya insentif pajak atas industri LCGC dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Insentif pajak yang dibutuhkan untuk mendorong industri LCGC berupa pembebasan PPnBM atas penyerahan LCGC di dalam negeri, serta pembebasan Bea Masuk dan PPN atas impor Incompletely Knocked Down komponen LCGC. Pemberian insentif pajak ini akan mengurangi konsumsi BBM dan emisi Gas Rumah Kaca sektor transportasi, serta memajukan industri komponen kendaraan bermotor dalam negeri.

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This study discusses tax incentive policy design of Low Cost & Green Car (LCGC) Industry in Indonesia. This research raises two issues, namely tax incentive which is required by LCGC industry and the benefits to be derived by the tax incentives being given to LCGC industry, using qualitative approach. Tax incentives require to stimulate LCGC industry are Luxury Sales Tax exemption on transfer LCGC in the country, as well as exemption from Import Duty and VAT on imported Incompletely Knocked Down of components of LCGC. These tax incentives will reduce fuel consumption and emission of transportation sector, as well as advancing domestic automotive component industry."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan efektifitas, pemerataan, dan ketepatan insentif pajak yang diterapkan Indonesia atas industri bahan bakar nabati. Dengan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dan metode pengumpulan data kualitatif, peneliti menemukan bahwa insentif Pajak Penghasilan yang diterapkan atas industri Bahan Bakar Nabati secara umum di Indonesia tidak efektif bagi perkembangan industri tersebut karena minimnya industri yang memanfaatkan insentif yang disediakan oleh pemerintah. Upaya yang perlu dilakukan adalah dengan melakukan sosialisasi yang ditujukan spesifik pada cakupan produk dan wilayah tertentu, sehingga dapat mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan insentif Pajak Penghasilan. Peneliti menemukan bahwa selain peningkatan kualitas sosialisasi insentif Pajak Penghasilan, kebijakan pajak lain yang tepat adalah insentif pajak untuk mendorong konsumsi, karena realisasi penanaman modal oleh industri pada umumnya mempertimbangkan adanya penawaran atau peluang pasar Bahan Bakar Nabati di Indonesia.

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This research’s purpose is to describe the effectiveness, distribution, and accuracy of tax incentive for biofuel industries development in Indonesia. With qualitative research approach and qualitative data collection methods, researcher found that income tax incentive is ineffective for the development of biofuel industries, because of the lack of it's utilization by biofuel industries. Indonesia’s government have to do more focus and spesific socialization on certain industrial estate, criteria and type of product to optimize utilization of tax incentive.

Researcher found that in addition to the improvement of tax incentive socialization in Indonesia, the alternative tax policy is to encourage consumption on biofuel because, prior reason of realization on investment of biofuel industries is market or demand of biofuel in Indonesia."