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"ABSTRAKKeluarga dengan anak retardasi mental di Kabupaten Sumedang sekitar 10.898 orangdari 1.089.889 penduduk di Kabupaten Sumedang, dan yang tercatat di SLB-Csekabupaten sumedang hanya 218 orang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Memperolehgambaran tentang pengaruh pelaksanaan terapi Self-Help Groups terhadap kopingkeluarga dengan anak Retardasi mental di SLB-C Kabupaten Sumedang tahun 2009sehingga dapat mengurangi faktor resiko terjadinya gangguan. Metode penelitianadalah adalah ”Quasi experimental pre-post test with control group” denganintervensi self help group. Cara pengambilan sampel adalah purposive samplingdengan sampel sebanyak 22 keluarga . Alat pengumpulan data menggunakankuesioner karakteristik keluarga dan kuesioner koping keluarga. Self help groupdilakukan pada dua kelompok; kelompok I diberikan self help group dengan enamkali pertemuan (empat kali bimbingan dan dua kali mandiri), kelompok IItidak diberikan self help group. Analisa data menggunakan univariat denganmenganalisa secara deskriptif dengan menghitung distribusi frekuensi dan sentraltendensi. Analisa Bivariat menggunakan Independent sample t-test, Chi-Square danDependent sample t-test. Multivariat menggunakan pearson product moment danRank spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan kopingsetelah self-help group pada keluarga dengan anak retardasi mental secara bermaknadan terjadi perubahan dari koping maladaptif menjadi adaptif (p value = 0,000). Padakelompok yang hanya diberikan terapi generalis terjadi juga peningkatan kemampuankoping keluarga dengan anak retardasi mental tetapi peningkatan tersebut masihberada di koping maladaptif. Direkomendasikan untuk membentuk kelompok selfhelpgroup lainnya di lingkungan SLB-C.

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ABSTRACTFamily and children with mental retardation at Sumedang district are almost 10.898people of 1.089.889 population at Sumedang district, and they are only 218 peoplewhich recorded at SLB-C of Sumedang district. This study purpose to find describingthe effect of implementing Self Help Groups therapy toward coping family andchildren with mental retardation at SLB-C of Sumedang District in 2009 so it candecrease risk factors of disturbance occur. This study used design of quasiexperimental pre-post test with control group by self help group intervention. Thisstudy used a purposive sampling on getting samples by 22 families as samples. Theequipment on collecting data using questionares of family characteristic and familycoping. Self help group has been done for two groups where the first group was givenself help group for six times of meeting (four times for guiding and two times forstanding alone), while the second group was given self help group. Analized dataused univariate by analizing as descriptive by calculating frequency distribution andcentral tendency. Bivariate analysis used Independent sample t-test, Chi-Square andDependent sample t-test. Multivariate analysis used pearson product moment andrank spearman. Study result indicated improvement the abilities of coping family andchildren with mental retardation as means (p value = 0,000). It was recommended tobuild and implementing self help group for family who had children with mentalretardation.Family and children with mental retardation at Sumedang district are almost 10.898 people of 1.089.889 population at Sumedang district, and they are only 218 people which recorded at SLB-C of Sumedang district. This study purpose to find describing the effect of implementing Self Help Groups therapy toward coping family and children with mental retardation at SLB-C of Sumedang District in 2009 so it can decrease risk factors of disturbance occur. This study used design of quasi experimental pre-post test with control group by self help group intervention. This study used a purposive sampling on getting samples by 22 families as samples. The equipment on collecting data using questionares of family characteristic and family coping. Self help group has been done for two groups where the first group was given self help group for six times of meeting (four times for guiding and two times for standing alone), while the second group was given self help group. Analized data used univariate by analizing as descriptive by calculating frequency distribution and central tendency. Bivariate analysis used Independent sample t-test, Chi-Square and Dependent sample t-test. Multivariate analysis used pearson product moment and rank spearman. Study result indicated improvement the abilities of coping family and children with mental retardation as means (p value = 0,000). It was recommended to build and implementing self help group for family who had children with mental retardation."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh terapi kelompok suportif terhadap kemampuan keluarga merawat anak tunagrahita di SLB-C Kabupaten Cianjur. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi eksperimen dengan pendekatan pre post tes dengan grup kontrol. Responden penelitian adalah keluarga dengan anak tunagrahita, 60 keluarga anak tunagrahita, terdiri atas 30 keluarga kelompok intervensi dan 30 keluarga kelompok kontrol. Kemampuan keluarga merawat anak tunagrahita yang mendapatkan terapi kelompok suportif lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok yang tidak mendapat terapi kelompok suportif. Kemampuan keluarga setelah di kontrol dengan faktor confounding didapatkan peningkatan mean namun tidak signifikan. Artinya peningkatan kemampuan keluarga disebabkan karena intervensi yang dilakukan bukan dari faktor confounding. Disarankan terapi kelompok suportif digunakan sebagai terapi kelompok dalam meningkatkan kemampuan keluarga dalam merawat anak tunagrahita.

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Thepurpode of their research use to identify the effects of group supportive therapy to wording the family ability to take the family in caring for children Tunagrahita in SLB-C Cianjur Regency. This research utilized quasi experimental design using pre and post test with control group.The respondents consist of family in caring for children tunagrahita,sixty families were divided inti 2 groups; 30 families as experimental group and 30 families as control group. The research result demonstrated that the the families who recewed supportive group therapy showed that higer ability as composed to families without supportive group therapy.The family ability after being controlled by counfounding factors showed the improvement of mean but not significant. This weart that the family ability was only effected by the intervention not by the counfounding factors. It was recommended the supportive group therapy would be utilited of group therapy in inproving family ability to case for the family with caring for children."

"Keterbatasan fungsi motorik kasar merupakan salah satu masalah yang sering terjadi pada anak dengan tuna grahita sedang. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meminimalkan gangguan ini diantaranya adalah dengan melakukan latihan rentang gerak sendi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara latihan rentang gerak sendi pada ekstremitas bawah terhadap kekuatan otot dan luas gerak sendi anak dengan tuna grahita sedang. Desain yang digunakan adalah quasi-experimental dengan control group pretest-postest design. Sampel berjumlah 30 anak di dua sekolah luar biasa di Bogor. Hasilnya menunjukkan ada peningkatan kekuatan otot dan luas gerak sendi lutut dan panggul pada kelompok intervensi. Latihan ini dapat membantu anak tuna grahita meningkatkan fungsi motoriknya dan dapat dikembangkan di sekolah.

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Limitations of gross motor function is one problem that often occurs in children with mental retardation. Joint range of motion exercises are one of the efforts that can be done to deal with clients with limited motor function. This study aims to determine the relationship between joint range of motion exercises on lower limb muscle strength and extent of joint motion children with moderate mental retardation. The design used was quasi-experimental with the control group pretest-postest design. Sample are 30 children at two SLB in Bogor. The results showed increase in muscle strength and extent of knee and hip joint motion in the intervention group. This exercise can be used to help children with limited motor function improving their motor function and can be developed into one of the programs in SLB."

"Gagal Ginjal Kronis GGK adalah kondisi penurunan fungsi ginjal yang bersifat ireversibel yang artinya fungsi ginjal tidak dapat kembali seperti semula. Prevalensi penyakit gagal ginjal kronis meningkat setiap tahunnya. Ansietas banyak dialami oleh pasien GGK yang menjalani hemodialisis. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi pengaruh terapi self help group terhadap tingkat ansietas pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronis di Ruang Hemodialisis. Desain penelitian yang digunakan quasy-experimental pre test-post test with control group. Tujuh puluh empat responden terlibat, terbagi menjadi kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat ansietas pasien menurun dari ansietas berat menjadi sedang, pasien dengan ansietas sedang menjadi ringan, dengan hubungan yang bermakna p = 0,000 . Variabel yang berhubungan dengan dengan tingkat ansietas antara lain pekerjaan dan lama menjalani hemodialisis, sedangkan variabel yang tidak berhubungan adalah usia, penghasilan jenis kelamin, pendidikan, status pernikahan p>0,005 . Penelitian ini merekomendasikan terapi generalis dan self help group dalam menurunkan tingkat ansietas pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronis di unit hemodialisis.

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Chronic Kidney Failure CKF is a condition of irreversible kidney dysfunction, which means that the kidney function can not go back to normal. The prevalence of chronic renal failure increases every year. Anxiety is experienced by many CKF patients undergoing hemodialysis. The objective of the study was to identify the influence of self help group therapy on the anxiety level of Chronic Kidney Failure patients in Hemodialysis Room. The research design used quasy experimental pre test post test with control group. Seventy four respondents were involved, divided into intervention groups and control groups.

The results showed that the patient 39 s anxiety level decreased from severe anxiety to moderate, patients with moderate anxiety to mild anxiety , with significant association p 0.000 . Variables associated with anxiety levels include occupation and duration of hemodialysis, while unrelated variables were age, income, gender, education, marital status. p 0.005 . This study recommends generalist therapy and self help group in lowering the anxiety level of Chronic Kidney Failure patients in the hemodialysis unit."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Terapi Penerimaan dan Komitmen (TPK) Terhadap Penerimaan Keluarga dengan Anak Tunagrahita. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu quasi experimental pre-post test with control group. Sampel 56 diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling pada keluarga dengan anak retardasi mental yang mengalami masalah psikososial dalam merawat anaknya. Analisis data dengan Independent t-test dan Paired ttest. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa penerimaan keluarga dengan anak tunagrahita meningkat secara bermakna setelah mendapat TPK. TPK direkomendasikan sebagai terapi keperawatan utama dalam meningkatkan penerimaan keluarga dengan anak tunagrahita.

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The aim of this study was to determine the influence of ACT on family?s acceptance to the mental retardation child. This was a quasi-experimental research, using pre-post test with control group. A number of 56 samples were recruited using purposive sampling technique in family having mental retardation child that experiences psychosocial problem in caring the child. Samples are divided into 2 groups of control and intervention group. Data were analyzed using Independent t-test and Paired t-test.

The results showed that the acceptance in family with mental retardation child who get ACT was significantly increased. ACT is recommended as primary therapy in nursing care to increase level of acceptance in family with mental retardation child."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Terapi Penerimaan dan Komitmen (TPK) Terhadap Penerimaan Keluarga dengan Anak Tunagrahita. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu quasi experimental pre-post test with control group. Sampel  56 diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling pada keluarga dengan anak retardasi mental yang mengalami masalah psikososial dalam merawat anaknya. Analisis data dengan Independent t-test dan Paired t-test. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa penerimaan keluarga dengan anak tunagrahita meningkat secara bermakna setelah mendapat TPK. TPK direkomendasikan sebagai terapi keperawatan utama dalam meningkatkan penerimaan keluarga dengan anak tunagrahita.

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The aim of this study was to determine the influence of ACT on family’s acceptance to the mental retardation child. This was a quasi-experimental research, using pre-post test with control group. A number of 56 samples were recruited using purposive sampling technique in family having mental retardation child that experiences psychosocial problem in caring the child. Samples are divided into 2 groups of control and intervention group. Data were analyzed using Independent t-test and Paired t-test. The results showed that the acceptance in family with mental retardation child  who get ACT was significantly increased. ACT is recommended as primary therapy in nursing care to increase level of acceptance in family with mental retardation child."

"Gagal Ginjal Kronis GGK adalah kondisi penurunan fungsi ginjal yang bersifat ireversibel yang artinya fungsi ginjal tidak dapat kembali seperti semula. Prevalensi penyakit gagal ginjal kronis meningkat setiap tahunnya. Ansietas banyak dialami oleh pasien GGK yang menjalani hemodialisis. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi pengaruh terapi self help group terhadap tingkat ansietas pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronis di Ruang Hemodialisis. Desain penelitian yang digunakan quasy-experimental pre test-post test with control group. Tujuh puluh empat responden terlibat, terbagi menjadi kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat ansietas pasien menurun dari ansietas berat menjadi sedang, pasien dengan ansietas sedang menjadi ringan, dengan hubungan yang bermakna p = 0,000. Variabel yang berhubungan dengan dengan tingkat ansietas antara lain pekerjaan dan lama menjalani hemodialisis, sedangkan variabel yang tidak berhubungan adalah usia, penghasilan jenis kelamin, pendidikan, status pernikahan p>0,005. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan terapi generalis dan self help group dalam menurunkan tingkat ansietas pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronis di unit hemodialisis.

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Chronic Kidney Failure CKF is a condition of irreversible kidney dysfunction, which means that the kidney function can not go back to normal. The prevalence of chronic renal failure increases every year. Anxiety is experienced by many CKF patients undergoing hemodialysis. The objective of the study was to identify the influence of self help group therapy on the anxiety level of Chronic Kidney Failure patients in Hemodialysis Room. The research design used quasy experimental pre test post test with control group. Seventy four respondents were involved, divided into intervention groups and control groups.

The results showed that the patient 39 s anxiety level decreased from severe anxiety to moderate, patients with moderate anxiety to mild anxiety , with significant association p 0.000 . Variables associated with anxiety levels include occupation and duration of hemodialysis, while unrelated variables were age, income, gender, education, marital status. p 0.005. This study recommends generalist therapy and self help group in lowering the anxiety level of Chronic Kidney Failure patients in the hemodialysis unit."

"Sikap negatif dan penolakan keluarga terhadap anggota keluarga dengan gangguan jiwa meningkatkan kejadian kekambuhan pada pasien gangguan jiwa. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi suportif terhadap sikap dan penolakan keluarga dengan anggota keluarga gangguan jiwa skizofrenia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasy experiment pre post with control group dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Cluster Sampling. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 51 keluarga yang mendapat terapi suportif dan 45 keluarga yang tidak mendapat terapi suportif. Penelitian menggunakan instrument family attitude scale dan acceptance and rejection scale. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kelomppok yang mendapat terapi suportif terdapat perubahan bermakna pada sikap negatif dan penolakan setelah diberikan terapi kelompok suportif (p-value<α=0,05). Pada kelompok yang mendapat terapi suportif sikap negatif dan penolakan menurun lebih besar secara bermakna dibandingkan dengan kelompok yang tidak mendapat terapi suportif (p-value<α=0,05). Saran dari penelitian ini adalah mengaplikasikan terapi kelompok suportif diranah komunitas dan keluarga.

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Family negative attitudes and family rejection against family members with mental illness increased the incidence of recurrence in patients with mental disorder. The study aimed to determine the effect of supportive therapy on family attitudes and family rejection of family members with mental disorder schizophrenia. This study used a pre-post design quasi experiment with control group with sampling using cluster sampling The numbers of sample in this study were 51 family with mental illness family member for the intervention group and 45 family with mental illness family member to the control group. This research used the instrument family attitude scale and family rejection scale. The result of this study showed that the group who received supportive therapy has significantly changes in the negative attitude and family rejection after supportive group therapy (p-value <α=0,05). The group who received supportive therapy had a greater significantly decreased of a family attitude and family rejection compared with those who were not received supportive therapy (p-value <α= 0.05). The suggestion of this research is to apply supportive group therapy and family communities."

"Pemberdayaan SHG merupakan upaya yang dilakukan oleh Credit Union (CU) Keling Kumang untuk meningkatkan pendapatan anggotanya melalui penciptaan kegiatan ekonomi produktif secara berkelompok. Salah satu kelompok yang berhasil diberdayakan oleh CU Keling Kumang melalui pemberdayaan SHG adalah kelompok Lalau Batu Puyang Mpang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis strategi pemberdayaan dan faktor pendukung keberhasilan pemberdayaan yang dilakukan oleh CU Keling Kumang terhadap kelompok SHG Lalau Batu Puyang Mpang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif, sedangkan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan studi observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara mendalam. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa strategi pemberdayaan yang dilakukan oleh CU Keling Kumang terhadap kelompok SHG Lalau Batu Puyang Mpang dalam bentuk intervensi komunitas dengan model pengembangan masyarakat melalui agen perubahan (pendamping kelompok). Intervensi komunitas dilakukan dengan pemberian pinjaman modal usaha, peningkatan kapasitas kelompok dan penyediaan akses pemasaran produk. Adapun faktor pendukung dari keberhasilan pemberdayaan diantaranya dipengaruhi oleh modal sosial, kepemimpinan dalam kelompok SHG dan lingkungan usaha kelompok SHG.

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Empowerment of SHG is an effort made by the Keling Kumang Credit Union (CU) to increase the income of its members through the creation of productive economic activities in groups. One group that was successfully empowered by CU Keling Kumang through SHG empowerment was the Lalau Batu Puyang Mpang group. The purpose of this study was to analyze the empowerment strategy and the supporting factors for the success of empowerment carried out by CU Keling Kumang against the Lalau Batu Puyang Mpang SHG group. This research uses qualitative research methods with descriptive research type, while data collection is carried out using observation studies, documentation and in-depth interviews. This study found that the empowerment strategy carried out by CU Keling Kumang against the Lalau Batu Puyang Mpang SHG group was in the form of community intervention with a community development model through a change agent (group companion). Community intervention is carried out by providing business capital loans, increasing group capacity and providing access to product marketing. The supporting factors for the success of empowerment are influenced by social capital, leadership in the SHG group and the business environment of the SHG group.

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