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"Everyone who has a debt has an obligation to pay. But the problem is debtor not always in the best financial condition and having fund to paid in. In that situation, debtor need to rescheduling the term of payment. If this rescheduling can be acceptable by creditor, the debtor can have an opportunity to pay. But if the creditor doesn?t want to rescheduling the term of payment so one way to solve this problem is by having a debt restructuring. One of the debt restructuring method is debt to asset method. In order to make this restructuring became efficient and effective, debitur need to have a tax management in debt restructuring. Researcher choose this topic because he wish to know about the appropriate tax management that can be apply in debt restructuring by using debt to asset swap method. The research is use qualitative descriptive method and two ways of collecting data techniques. They are in depth interview and literature evaluation. The information get from the interview than compared with secondary data to have a validity data. In this writing of script problems to be lifted is: How is the tax implementation of debt restructuring by using debt to asset method? How is tax management can be applicable in debt restructuring by using debt to asset swap method? What is the constraint of tax management application in case of debt restructuring by using debt to asset swap? Tax management in case of debt restructuring by using debt to asset swap method can be apply by having a good knowledge about tax regulation that regulate about the various asset that can be used for pay the debt. Every asset have each tax effect, therefore if you want to having a tax management in order to restructuring your debt with debt to asset swap, you must known well about the tax effect in each asset that you want to used to pay the obligations."

"Taxpayers should fulfill their tax obligatory based on tax regulations in effect. In this case taxpayers face a dilemma. In one hand they must fulfill all of their tax obligatory completely without any violation, since for every mistake they made will result in penalty. On the other hand they want to manage their tax in order to minimize the cost. In this case, tax management can play an important role to solve taxpayers' problem legally.

PT. X is a company located in Sorong, Irian Jaya operating in fish preserving activity. It has many employees even though not all of them get the salary more than Non-Taxable Income (Penghasilan Tidak Kena Pajak = PTKP). Up to now PT. X has never used tax management as an instrument to manage the income tax article 21 (PPh Pasal 21) of its employees. As the result, there is still a chance to reduce tax cost legally by using tax management.

The objectives of this study are to describe how a company can design its remuneration system to minimize the income tax article 21 cost of its employees, how a company can utilize tax regulations in order to minimize fiscal corrections of the income tax article 21 in case of tax auditing, and how much money can be saved through tax management.

Tax management is a comprehensive action that requires a good understanding of tax regulations in implementing it. The understanding of tax regulations is so necessary that the chances to save money can be determined. Not only that, tax management also requires that the company should have a good accounting system as a media to give the right and accurate information about the company financial condition, since the financial information is the basis of calculating tax due.

Tax management can be done through a series of systematical and well.-planned steps. These steps are: defining the goal of tax management, identifying the current situation, identifying the supporting and obstacle factors, as well as developing the plan of activities to achieve the goal.

The methodology used in this study is descriptive analysis. The result of study shows that PT. X has not utilized tax regulations yet in the best possible way to minimize the income tax article 21 cost of its employees. As the result the employees must pay much more money than they have to. This study concludes that PT. X can utilize tax management to solve this problem by developing a good remuneration system for its employees."

"PT Nabisco Foods out for light food producer do increasing of sale of the product. For PT Nabisco Foods do promotion cooperation with a few retail company. This cooperation can be done by giving discount, giving of goods for free, year-end bonus if was abysmal of goals. Product placement in counter retail also one of form of promotion done by PT Nabisco Foods."

"Fungsi perbankan syariah dalam pembiayaan ekonomi mikro perlu diberikan dorongan insentif pajak seperti penggunaan nilai buku. Fokus skripsi ini untuk membahas pembatalan izin penggunaan nilai buku PT X yang ditinjau dari ketentuan yang berlaku dan asas-asas pemungutan pajak dari teori Adam Smith. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembatalan izin penggunaan nilai buku PT X tidak sesuai dengan prosedur formal ketentuan Per-DJP 28 Tahun 2008. Ditinjau dari asas kepastian hukum, terdapat kesalahpahaman antara PT X dengan Kanwil DJP tempat PT X terdaftar terkait laporan keuangan audit sebelum dan sesudah pemekaran usaha. Ditinjau dari asas kenyamanan membayar pajak dan efisiensi, ketetapan pajak menjadi tidak tepat waktu dan biaya audit laporan keuangan cukup besar.

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The function of syariah banking in financing micro-economics needs tax incentives such as use of book value. The focus of this thesis is about analyze permission cancellation of the used book value by PT X , which is viewed from regulations and the four maxims: the cannons of taxation. This research used the quantitative research approach. Result of research that the cancellation of permission to use pooling of interest method by PT X was not in accordance with the tax laws formal. In the certainty perspective, there is a misconception between PT X and the district office of Directorate General of Taxes regarding financial report an audited before and after of the expansion. In the convenience and efficiency perspective, tax assessment is not timely and the cost of the audit of financial statements is quite large."

"Corporate charitable giving is growing up in Indonesia. It can be classified into 3 (three) motives which are first a strategy to raise profits, second as a compliance because they are forced to do so, and third as beyond compliance as the company is part of the community. Those three motives do reflecting the income tax treatment on charitable giving. PT X as one of the company also does charity. The charitable giving done by PT X becomes unique since PT X is a Contract of Work (CoW) holder. But practically, the CoW results in law uncertainty. The tax auditor adjusted the charitable giving by PT X which were fund contribution and donation to Aceh and Sumatera Utara.The researcher focuses on charitable giving by PT X with qualitative approach. The researcher would like to identify how PT X does the charitable giving and the law certainty of income tax treatment on those charitable giving. With regards to that, the researcher uses a study-case. The researcher obtains the data from interview, field research and library research.Based on the field and library research, there are situations of charitable giving generally in Indonesia and specifically in PT X. On those charitable giving, there are income tax treatment in income taxation law and the regulations underneath. Spesifically, the researcher observes the income tax treatment of charitable giving done by PT X, which can be gathered from the tax audit cases of OT X.From the situations above, it can be analyzed that the charitable giving done by PT X is divided into 3 (two) kinds which are philanthropy and charity. Besides that, there are three motives of charitable giving, as previously mentioned, practiced by PT X, which are related to the income tax treatment. And the focus of this research is the law certainty of income tax treatment on charitable giving of PT X."

"Peneiitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami berbagai mekanisme dalam meiakukan restrukturisasi hutang suatu perusahaan yang berkaitan dengan aspek perpajakan, khususnya berkenaan dengan penyelesaian hutang melalui BPPN dan pihak ketiga yang ditunjuk oleh BPPN.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptis analisis, yaitu dengan menggunakan rumus-rumus yang diatur dalam ketentuan undang-undang perpajakan, Sedangkan data yang dikumpulkan berupa data primer dan sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari wawancara dan pengamatan lapangan. Data sekunder diperoleh dari dokumen-dokumen perusahaan.Berdasarkan analisis data yang telah dilakukan diperoleh hasil bahwa dengan melakukan restrukturisasi hutang melalui BPPN perusahaan dapat mengurangi kewajiban pajak yang harus dibayarkan. Namun demikian, mekanisme yang telah diajukan oleh perusahaan tidak dapat direalisasikan mengingat masih adanya permasalahan hukum, khususnya dalam masalah perpajakan yang belum diselesaikan oleh perusahaan. Penyelesasian lain yang ditawarkan oleh BPPN adalah memberikan alternatif agar penyelesaian hutang dilakukan melalui pihak ketiga yang ditunjuk oleh BPPN. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah permohonan restrukturisasi hutang perusahaan disetujui, hanya saja pelaksanaannya belum maksimal.Agar di masa mendatang perusahaan dapat menata kembali kinerja keuangannya secara lebih baik dan terarah maka peneliti menyarankan agar perusahaan memanfaatkan peluang yang diatur dalam undang-undang perpajakan secara optimal sehingga kewajiban pajak yang timbul dapat diminimalisasi.

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The objective of this research is to find and understand any kind of mechanism to provide the debt restructuring of the company regarding the tax implementation, especially in connection with debt settlement through Indonesian Banking Restructuring Agency (IBRA) and the third party appointed by IBRA.

The problem of the research are how do the company provide the debt restructuring through IBRA and the third party appointed by IBRA to minimize tax expenses.

This research was conducted using descriptive analysis method by formulation mentioned in tax regulation. The data sources consist of primary and secondary data. Primary data collected by interview and survey. Secondary data collected from supporting documents of the company.

Based on the data analysis collected, the result of the research shows that the company be able to minimize tax expenses if they restructuring their debt through IBRA. But in fact, the mechanism have been proposed by the company was failed because of there was a legal pending matters especially taxes problem has been finished yet. The other solution offering by IBRA is make the agreement with third party appointed by IBRA to settle the company?s debt.

Therefore, to reform their financial perfomtance, the company should be taken an advantage which is regulated by tax regulation."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dasar pemikiran yang melatarbelakangi perumusan kebijakan bea masuk ditanggung pemerintah atas impor barang dan bahan guna pembuatan peralatan telekomunikasi, implementasinya, serta faktor penunjang dan penghambat dalam implementasinya. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam dan studi literatur.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dasar pemikiran yang melatarbelakangi perumusan kebijakan bea masuk ditanggung pemerintah atas impor barang dan bahan guna pembuatan peralatan telekomunikasi adalah karena krisis ekonomi global, pertumbuhan industri jasa telekomunikasi, dan upaya untuk meningkatkan daya saing industri peralatan telekomunikasi.

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The purpose of this research is to analyze the background of the policy of customs duties borne by the government on the import of goods and materials to produce telecommunications equipment, the implementation, and also supporting and inhibiting factors due to the implementation. This research is a qualitative research. Data collection techniques using depth interviews and literature studies.The research result shows that the background of the policy of customs duties borne by the government on the import of goods and materials to produce telecommunications equipment is because the global economic crisis, the growth of the telecommunication service industry, and efforts to improve the competitiveness of the telecommunication equipment industry."

"Dalam karya akhir ini dilakukan penelitian terhadap suatu kasus pemeriksaan atas dugaan penerbitan dan atau penggunaan faktur pajak secara tidak sah dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana suatu badan usaha yang telah terdaftar sebagai Wajib Pajak dan telah dikukuhkan sebagai Pengusaha Kena Pajak yang secara ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan perpajakan diharapkan dapat memberikan pengaruh positif bagi penerimaan negara di bidang perpajakan justru mencari keuntungan dengan mengambil pajak dari masyarakat dengan cara melakukan kegiatan usaha fiktif. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan yang dilakukan terhadap PT. Mutia Andalan Putra, suatu badan usaha yang bergerak di bidang perdagangan besar, diperoleh sinyalemen bahwa kemudahan yang diberikan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Pajak kepada masyarakat dunia usaha untuk mendafarkan diri menjadi Wajib Pajak serta untuk dikukuhkan sebagai Pengusaha Kena Pajak telah disalahgunakan oleh sebagian pihak dengan memanfaatkan kemudahan mendapatkan Kartu Tanda Penduduk dengan identitas palsu untuk mencari keuntungan sendiri. Hal ini sangat bertentangan dengan tujuan diberikannya kemudahan tersebut dan memberikan dorongan kepada aparat perpajakan untuk lebih tegas dan lebih tertib dalam memberikan pelayanan kepada masyarakat tanpa harus menghilangkan kemudahan-kemudahan yang telah diberikan.Pajak Pertambahan Nilai (PPN) merupakan salah satu jenis pajak yang paling sering disalahgunakan. Unsur utama yang menyebabkan PPN lebih mudah disalahgunakan karena dalam sistem self assessment setiap Wajib Pajak yang telah dikukuhkan sebagai Pengusaha Kena Pajak diberikan kewenangan untuk memungut, menghitung, menyetorkan dan melaporkan PPNnya sendiri. Dengan sistem self assessment tersebut sangat dimungkinkan bahwa tidak terjadi sinkronisasi antara kebenaran formal dengan kebenaran material dalam transaksi, titik inilah yang sering menjadi kelemahan yang dimanfaatkan oleh pihak-pihak yang mau mengambil keuntungan dengan menerbitkan faktur pajak sebagai instrument pemungutan PPN tanpa adanya penyerahan bagang/jasa kena pajak.Sampai karya akhir ini ditulis, keberadaan Wajib Pajak yang sesungguhnya dan para pemegang saham maupun pimpinannya belum diketemukan sehingga tidak ada pihak yang dapat dimintai keterangan dan pertanggungjawaban atas dugaan penerbitan faktur pajak yang diterbitkan secara tidak sah dan telah beredar luas di masyarakat usaha. Dengan kejadian itu, sambil menunggu adanya "single identity number" disarankan agar untuk mendapatkan pengukuhan sebagai Pengusaha Kena Pajak, identitas para pengurus tidak hanya didasarkan KTP saja tetapi perlu pas foto dan contoh sidik jari dari kepolisan.Nama dan identitas Wajib Pajak dalam karya finis ini dengan sengaja tidak dirahasiakan dengan harapan agar apabila masyarakat mengetahui keberadaan Wajib Pajak tersebut dapat memberitahukan kepada Direktorat Jenderal Pajak. Nama PT Mutia Andalan Putra juga telah disebutkan sebagai salah satu Wajib Pajak yang diduga menerbitkan faktur pajak tidak sah dalam surat edaran Direktur Jenderal Pajak Nomor : SE-09/PJ.52/2005 tanggal 9 Juni 2005 tentang Perubahan Kelima atas Surat Edaran Direktur Jenderal Pajak Nomor : SE-27/PJ.52/2003 tentang Daftar dan Sanksi atas Wajib Pajak yang Diduga Menerbitkan Faktur Pajak Tidak Sah."

"Konvergensi IFRS 16 pada PSAK 73 menerapkan model akuntansi tunggal sehingga memilki dampak yang signifikan. Penelitian ini memuat analisis implikasi pajak yang timbul atas berlaku efektifnya PSAK 73 pada 1 Januari 2020 dengan penyajian studi kasus PT. X, sebagai pihak Lessee. Penerapan PSAK 73 pada PT. X ialah secara retrospektif dengan dampak kumulatif. Penelitian ini disusun dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data studi lapangan melalui wawancara mendalam dan studi literatur. Yang kemudian dianalisis dengan teknis analisis metode kualitatif. Pada metode analisis data digunakan metode studi lapangan dan studi literatur. PT. X memilih untuk penerapan retrospektif dengan dampak kumulatif pada awal penerapannya yaitu, 1 Januari 2020. Akibatnya pada saldo laba ditahan awal tahun 2020, tidak terjadi penyesuaian atas sewa. Temuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu, terdapat penyesuaian atas penerapan PSAK 73, sebagai akibat dari perbedaan aturan akuntansi dan pajak terkait pembayaran Sewa Guna Usaha (SGU) dan penyusutan atas aset sewa guna sebelum Lessee menggunakan hak opsi untuk membeli. Selain itu, aset Lease PT. X menjadi meningkat karena dituntut untuk mengakui aset hak guna serta liabilitasnya. Dengan penerapan PSAK 73, selisih nilai laporan keuangan komersial dan laporan keuangan. fiskal yang dimiliki Lessee semakin besar sehingga membutuhkan koreksi fiskal dalam menghitung pajak penghasilan terutang.

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The convergence of IFRS 16 in PSAK 73 applies a single accounting model so that it has a significant impact. This study contains an analysis of tax implications arising from the effectiveness of PSAK 73 on January 1, 2020 with the presentation of case studies, PT. X as the Lessee. Implementation of PSAK 73 in PT. X is retrospectively with cumulative effect. This research was prepared with qualitative approach. Technical analysis in data collection is using descriptive methods. In data analysis method used field study method and literature study. Pt. X opted for retrospective implementation with cumulative impact at the beginning of its implementation, namely, January 1, 2020. As a result of retained earnings balances beginning in 2020, there is no adjustment to the lease. The findings in this study are that there are adjustments to the application of PSAK 73, as a result of differences in accounting and tax rules related to payment of Leases (SGU) and depreciation of Lease assets before the Lessee uses the right option to buy. In addition, PT. X Lease assets is increasing because it is required to recognize its right of use assets and its liabilities. With the implementation of PSAK 73, the difference in the value of commercial Financial statements and fiscal Financial statements owned by the Lessee bigger, requires a fiscal correction in calculating the income tax owed."

"The currency or foreign exchange (FX) market is the largest financial market in the world, with trading volumes surpassing $1,9 trillion a day. Although primarily dominated by a worldwide network of interbank traders, a new era of internet-base communication technologies has recently allowed individual investors to gain direct access to this popular and profitable market. Trading in the foreign exchange market is an alternative tool for investment other than investing in stock market.The tax issues on gain from foreign exchange trading tend to be disorienting since there are no tax circular that regulates the implementation of foreign exchange trading in Indonesia. Since the absence of specific income tax law on gain from forex trading, this research attempts to explain the nature of foreign exchange trading itself, then it will describe the difference between the US Income tax treatment and the Indonesian income tax treatment on gain on forex trading followed by the conclusion to propose the right alternative tax treatment to be implemented in Indonesia. This research uses qualitative approach with descriptive technique. Library study, field study and benchmarking are chosen to gather the information. The field study is executed by interviewing tax officers, brokers, and academic scholar. While as the benchmarking is being executed by comparing with tax rule in the United State of America to propose the right tax treatment to be implemented in Indonesia.Forex trading is traded in the Over the Counter Market where there are no centralized exchanges. The nature of forex trading is to speculate in buying or selling foreign currency contract in the spot market. According to the Indonesian income tax regulation article 4(1) leter l stated that gain on foreign exchange are treated as an taxable object whilst loss on foreign exchange principally could be recognized as deductible expense. Since the absence of specific regulation relating to the tax treatment on forex trading therefore the general rule may apply, the general rule stated forex trading falls under business income category and that all increase in economic capability originating from Indonesia as well as from offshore shall be accumulated and taxed according to article 17 tax rate.Differ from the Indonesia tax law, the US tax law on profit from the fluctuation in foreign exchange rates are treated differently from foreign exchange trading. The fluctuation in foreign exchange rate as as part of their normal course of business fall under IRC Section 988. Gains and losses from foreign exchange (such as buying and selling of foreign goods) are treated as interest income or expense and get taxed accordingly. Since forex traders are also exposed to daily exchange rate fluctuations, their trading activity falls under the provisions of Section 988. These daily fluctuations can be considered part of a currency trader's assets in the normal course of his business; the IRS gives the trader the option of rejecting (opting out) of Section 988 and electing that the gains be taxed under the favorable 60/40 split of IRC Section 1256. Under IRC Section 1256, forex traders can have a significant advantage over stock traders. Forex traders are allowed to split their capital gains using a 60% / 40% split. This means that 60% of the capital gains are taxed at the lower, long-term capital gains rate (currently 15%) and the remaining 40% at the ordinary or short-term capital gains rate, which depends on the tax bracket the trader falls under (as high as 35%). This results in an average rate of 23%, which is 12% less than the regular (short-term) rate.From the comparative study between the US tax laws on foreign exchange trading, this research propose an alternative tax policy on forex trading in Indonesia. One of the alternative is only net gain are calculated and tax. The second alternative to be implemented in the form of withholding final tax payment from every realize transaction."