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"Measurement of beta radioactive contaminant in the air of medium activity laboratory. Radiometallurgy Installation is used for post Irradition examination (PIE) of nuclear fuel. The examination of spent fuel radio - chemically is done at medium activity laboratory.In this examination, the radioactive contaminant may be distributed in the air of working area. To measure the radioactivity contaminant in the air caused by PIE activity. air sampling time must be determined and sample counting must be decayed in order to eliminate the natural radiactivity. The measurement result shows that the optimum air sampling time is 20-30 minutes and no decay time of air sample (directly)"

"ABSTRAKDistribusi Beta-Burr Tipe X merupakan distribusi kontinu yang mampu memodelkan beberapa jenis distribusi dari data, seperti right skewed, left skewed, atau symmetrical. Distribusi Beta-Burr Tipe X merupakan hasil penggabungan dari fungsi distribusi beta dengan fungsi distribusi Tipe X Burr. Pembentukan distribusi Beta-Burr Tipe X, serta karakteristik distribusi Beta-Burr Tipe X yang meliputi fungsi densitas probabilitas, fungsi distribusi, momen ke - , momen pusat ke-, mean, varians, dan fungsi pembangkit momen dibahas dalam tesis ini. Estimasi parameter distribusi Beta-Burr Tipe X menggunakan metode kemungkinan maksimum dan hasilnya dapat diperoleh dengan metode numerik. Sebagai ilustrasi, data hormon luteinizing digunakan dalam sampel darah wanita yang dimodelkan dengan distribusi Beta-Burr Tipe X.ABSTRACTBeta-Burr Distribution Type X is a continuous distribution that is able to model several types of distributions from the data, such as right skewed, left skewed, or symmetrical. The Type X Beta-Burr distribution is the result of combining the beta distribution function with the Type X Burr distribution function. The formation of the Type X Beta-Burr distribution, as well as the characteristics of the Type X Beta-Burr distribution which include the probability density function, distribution function, th moment, th center moment, mean, variance, and moment generating function are discussed in this thesis. The parameter estimation of Beta-Burr Type X distribution uses the maximum likelihood method and the results can be obtained by numerical methods. To illustrate, luteinizing hormone data were used in a female blood sample modeled with a Type X Beta-Burr distribution."

"[ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Pada kasus borderline periodontitis agresif dan periodontitis kronis diperlukan suatu biomarker imunologis yang dapat membantu menegakkan diagnosis dengan tepat. Human Beta Defensin-3 merupakan suatu protein yang berasal dari host yang dapat menggambarkan derajat keparahan penyakit periodontal. Tujuan: Menganalisis kadar hBD-3 pada cairan krevikular gingiva penderita periodontitis kronis dan periodontitis agresif. Metode: Penelitian ini melibatkan 16 orang penderita periodontitis agresif, 16 orang penderita periodontitis kronis dan 8 subyek sehat. Kadar hBD-3 diukur dengan teknik ELISA. Hasil: Kadar hBD-3 pada periodontitis kronis tidak berbeda bermakna dengan kadar hBD-3 periodontitis agresif (p>0,05). Kesimpulan: Kadar HBD-3 dalam cairan krevikular gingiva tidak berbeda bermakna pada penderita periodontitis kronis dan periodontitis agresif sehingga belum bisa digunakan sebagai alternatif diagnosis.

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ABSTRACTBackground: For borderline cases between chronic and aggressive periodontitis, an immunologic biomarker is needed to fix the diagnosis. Human Beta Defensin-3 is a host protein that can describe the severity of periodontitis. Aim: Analyzing Human Beta Defensin-3 (HBD-3) levels in gingival crevicular fluid of chronic and aggressive periodontitis patient. Method: Samples were collected from 8 healthy subjects, 16 aggressive periodontitis subjects and 16 chronic periodontitis subjects. HBD-3 level was measured by using ELISA technique. Result: HBD-3 levels in chronic periodontitis didn?t show any difference to the hBD-3 levels in aggressive periodontitis (p>0,05). Conclusion: HBD-3 levels in chronic periodontitis didn?t show any difference to the aggressive one so it can not be used as a diagnostic parameter in chronic periodontitis and aggressive as well.;Background: For borderline cases between chronic and aggressive periodontitis, an immunologic biomarker is needed to fix the diagnosis. Human Beta Defensin-3 is a host protein that can describe the severity of periodontitis. Aim: Analyzing Human Beta Defensin-3 (HBD-3) levels in gingival crevicular fluid of chronic and aggressive periodontitis patient. Method: Samples were collected from 8 healthy subjects, 16 aggressive periodontitis subjects and 16 chronic periodontitis subjects. HBD-3 level was measured by using ELISA technique. Result: HBD-3 levels in chronic periodontitis didn’t show any difference to the hBD-3 levels in aggressive periodontitis (p>0,05). Conclusion: HBD-3 levels in chronic periodontitis didn’t show any difference to the aggressive one so it can not be used as a diagnostic parameter in chronic periodontitis and aggressive as well., Background: For borderline cases between chronic and aggressive periodontitis, an immunologic biomarker is needed to fix the diagnosis. Human Beta Defensin-3 is a host protein that can describe the severity of periodontitis. Aim: Analyzing Human Beta Defensin-3 (HBD-3) levels in gingival crevicular fluid of chronic and aggressive periodontitis patient. Method: Samples were collected from 8 healthy subjects, 16 aggressive periodontitis subjects and 16 chronic periodontitis subjects. HBD-3 level was measured by using ELISA technique. Result: HBD-3 levels in chronic periodontitis didn’t show any difference to the hBD-3 levels in aggressive periodontitis (p>0,05). Conclusion: HBD-3 levels in chronic periodontitis didn’t show any difference to the aggressive one so it can not be used as a diagnostic parameter in chronic periodontitis and aggressive as well.]"

"Ketika electron berenergi besar dipancarkan dari peluruhan radioaktif 14C (Carbon-14) yang berinteraksi dengan materi-materi di sekitarnya, mereka kehilangan energi dan dalam kondisi tertentu diserap oleh materi lain. Energi besar electron ini dilepaskan dengan peluruhan radioaktif yang dikenal dengan sinar beta dan proses ini dikenal dengan attenuasi (peluruhan) sinar beta. Ketika suatu materi diletakkan antara 14C dan alat deteksi sinar beta, maka sinar diserap dan atau energinya berkurang. Hasilnya adalah pengurangan jumlah partikel beta yang terdeteksi. Besarnya jumlah pengurangan partikel beta yang terdeteksi adalah fungsi dari massa penyerapan materi antara sumber beta 14C dan detector. Ini adalah prinsip kerja dari alat BAM 1020, secara automatik mengukur dan mencatat konsentrasi debu berukuran 10 µ. Prinsip ini perlu dipahami oleh operator dan teknisi yang menangani alat BAM1020.

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When the hight-energy electrons emanating from the radioactive decay of 14 C(carbon 14) interect with nearby matter, they loose their energy and, in some cases, are absorbed by the matter. These high-energy electron emitted through radioactive decay are known as beta rays and the process is known as beta-ray attenuation. When matter is placed between the radioactive 14C source and a device designed to detect beta rays, the beta rays are absorbed and/or their energy diminished. This results in a reduction in the number of beta pacticles detected. The magnitude of the reduction in detected beta particles is a function of the mass of the absorbing materr between the 14 beta source and the detector. These are the principle of BAM1020 equipment, automatically measure and record dust concentration which is sized 10µ. These principle must be understood by operator and technesiant to handle a BAM1020 equipment."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengekstraksi, menganalisis secara FTIR, dan mengetahui aktivitas antimikroba ekstrak kasar β-glukan dari khamir Aureobasidium pullulans. β-glukan berhasil diekstraksi sebanyak 1,3 g per 1 L kultur khamir dalam bentuk bubuk berwarna krem. Uji kualitatif dengan FTIR menunjukkan komposisi ekstrak berupa β-glukan, hemiselulosa, protein, dan karbonat. Kadar β-glukan dalam ekstrak diukur secara enzimatis dengan kit Megazyme dan didapatkan tingkat kemurnian 49,65% (b/b). Aktivitas antimikroba ekstrak diuji terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 dan Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 pada konsentrasi 0,1% (b/v) dan 0,2% (b/v). Produk komersial krestin dengan kemurnian β-glukan 52% (b/b) digunakan sebagai kontrol pembanding terhadap ekstrak. Uji aktivitas antimikroba dilakukan dengan metode turbiditas dan total plate count pada suhu inkubasi 37oC dan agitasi 150 rpm. Uji turbiditas dan total plate count menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak β-glukan dan krestin pada konsentrasi 0,1% (b/v) dan 0,2% (b/v) tidak memberikan efek bakteriostatik dan bakterisidal. Persentase hambat oleh ekstrak β-glukan tidak mencapai nilai minimal 50% sehingga dinyatakan tidak memiliki aktivitas antimikroba terhadap E. coli dan B. cereus.

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A study to extract, analyze based on FTIR, and determine antimicrobial activity of β-glucan crude extract from yeast Aureobasidium pullulans has been carried out. An amount of 1,3 g β-glucan has been extracted from 1 L of yeast culture in the form of cream-colored powder. Qualitative test with FTIR showed that the extract consists of β-glucan, hemicelulose, protein, and carbonate. Purity of the compound was measured enzimatically using Megazyme kit and the result was 49,65% (w/w). Antimicrobial activity of the extract was tested against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 at 0,1% (w/v) and 0,2% (w/v). Krestin as commercial product of β-glucan with purity of 52% (w/w) was used as comparison control of β-glucan crude extract. Antimicrobial activity was tested using turbidity dan total plate count method at incubation temperature 37oC and agitation 150 rpm. Turbidity and total plate count test showed that β-glucan crude extract and krestin at 0,1% (w/v) and 0,2% (w/v) have no bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect. The percentage of inhibition from β-glucan crude extract was less than 50%. Based on these result, β-glucan extract has no antimicrobial activity against E. coli and B. cereus. "

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Beta karoten memiliki kapasitas antioksidan. Malondialdehida (MDA), produk dari peroksidasi poly unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), merupakan penanda stres oksidatif. Keseimbangan oksidan dan antioksidan dalam ASI membantu mencegah terjadinya radikal bebas pada bayi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara asupan beta karoten dengan kadar beta karoten ASI dan mengetahui ada tidaknya hubungan antara asupan beta karoten dengan kadar MDA ASI. Delapan puluh ibu usia 20–40 tahun yang menyusui secara eksklusif dan memiliki bayi usia 1–6 bulan yang datang ke Puskesmas Kecamatan Cilincing dan Grogol Petamburan pada bulan Februari–April 2019 dan bersedia menandatangani lembar persetujuan penelitian menjadi subjek penelitian. ASInya di periksa di laboratorium. Korelasi positif lemah ditemukan antara indeks masa tubuh (IMT) dan kadar MDA ASI (r = 0,285, p = 0,010) serta asupan beta karoten dan kadar MDA ASI (r = - 0,469 dengan p <0,001). Korelasi negatif sedang ditemukan pada durasi menyusui dalam minggu dengan kadar MDA ASI, asupan beta karoten memilki korelasi positif lemah dengan kadar MDA ASI (r = 0,247, p = 0,027). Aktivitas fisik memiliki hubungan dengan kadar beta karoten ASI (p = 0,012). Dengan demikian, IMT, durasi menyusui, asupan beta karoten berpengaruh terhadap kadar MDA ASI.

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Beta carotene has antioxidant capacity. Malondialdehyde (MDA), a poly unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) peroxidation product, is the marker of oxidative stress. The balance of oxidant and antioxidant in breastmilk helps prevent the free radical formation in babies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation of beta carotene intake with the breast milk (BM) beta carotene level and to determine the relationship between beta carotene intake with the MDA level in BM. Eighty 20–40 years old exclusively breastfeeding mothers who came to Cilincing and Grogol Petamburan Public Health Centre in February–April 2019 and had 1–6 months old babies were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The BM were assessed the laboratory. Weak positive correlation was found between body mass index (BMI) and BM MDA level (r = 0.285, p = 0.010) as well as beta carotene intake and BM MDA level (r = 0.247, p = 0.027). Medium negative correlation was found between breastfeeding duration in weeks with the BM MDA level (r = - 0.469, p <0.001). Physical activity has a relationship with BM beta carotene level (p = 0.012). Therefore, BMI, breastfeeding duration, beta carotene intake has a correlation with BM MDA level.

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"Pendahuluan: Obat penyekat beta telah teruji efikasi dan keamanannya pada berbagai penyakit jantung, terutama yang melibatkan ventrikel kiri. Berlawanan dengan hal tersebut, efikasi obat penyekat beta pada ventrikel kanan belum diketahui secara pasti. Beberapa penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan hasil yang inkonsisten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat efektivitas obat penyekat beta pada disfungsi ventrikel kanan yang terjadi pascaoperasi penggantian katup mitral.Metode: Disain penelitian adalah kohort retrospektif. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 232 orang, terbagi dalam dua kelompok yaitu menggunakan penyekat beta (n=129) dan tidak menggunakan (n=103). Pengukuran data TAPSE kontrol dilakukan dalam waktu 1-12 bulan dari data pascaoperasi. Kejadian rehospitalisasi dan kematian dinilai 6 bulan pascaoperasi.Hasil: Penggunaan obat penyekat beta tidak menunjukkan efektivitas dalam memperbaiki nilai TAPSE [median delta TAPSE adalah 4 (7-29) mm pada kelompok penyekat beta vs 4 (-8-20) mm pada kelompok non penyekat beta; p = 0,71]. Angka rehospitalisasi adalah 14,7% (kelompok penyekat beta) vs 8,7% (kelompok non penyekat beta) dengan p = 0,16. Sedangkan angka kematian adalah 0,8% (kelompok penyekat beta) vs 1,9% (kelompok non penyekat beta), p = 0,60.Kesimpulan: obat penyekat beta tidak memperbaiki disfungsi ventrikel kanan, serta tidak menurunkan angka rehospitalisasi dan kematian pada pasien pascaoperasi penggantian katup mitral.

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Introduction: Beta blockers have proven its efficacy and safety in various heart diseases, especially those involving the left ventricle. Contrary to this, the efficacy of beta blocking drugs in the right ventricle is not well known. Some previous studies have shown inconsistent results. This study aims to determine whether there is an effectiveness of beta blocking drugs on right ventricular dysfunction that occurs after mitral valve replacement surgery.

Methods: Design of the study is retrospective cohort. The number of samples is 232 people, divided into two groups, those using beta blocking drugs (n=129) and not using them (n=103). Measurement of control TAPSE data was carried out within 1-12 months of postoperative data. Rehospitalization and mortality incidence were assessed at six months postoperatively.

Result: The use of beta blockers did not show any effectiveness in improving TAPSE value [median delta TAPSE value are 4 (7-29) mm in the beta-blocker group vs 4 (-8-20) in the non beta-blocker group]. The rehospitalization rate is 14,7% (beta-blocker group) vs 8,7% (non beta-blocker group), p = 0,16. While the death rate is 0,8% (beta-blocker group) vs 1,9% (non beta-blocker group), p = 0,60.

Conclusion: beta-blocking drugs do not improve right ventricular dysfunction, and do not reduce rehospitalization and mortality rates in postoperative mitral valve replacement patients."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui kemampuan antimikroba β-glukan dari ragi roti terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 dan Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579. Ragi roti yang berisi khamir Saccharomyces cerevisiae diekstrak β-glukannya dan dianalisis secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Uji penentuan aktivitas antimikroba dengan metode turbiditas dan TPC terdiri atas 5 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif, kontrol pembanding I dan II menggunakan β-glukan krestin, serta perlakuan I dan II menggunakan β-glukan ragi roti. Hasil ektraksi diperoleh ekstrak kasar dengan persentase ekstrak sebesar 5%. Analisis kualitatif dengan Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) dan kuantitatif dengan Megazyme menunjukkan keberadaan β-glukan di dalam ekstrak kasar sebesar 47,7 % (b/b). Uji antimikroba menunjukkan bahwa β-glukan ragi roti tidak mempunyai aktivitas antimikroba terhadap Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 dan Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579.

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The aim of this study was to observe the antimicrobial activity of β-glucan extracted from baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) against bacteria Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579. β-glucan from baker’s yeast was extracted and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Antimicrobial test of β-glucan using turbidity and TPC methods, consist of 5 treatment groups, i.e. the negative control, comparison control I and II (β-glucan krestin), and treatment I and II (β-glucan from baker’s yeast). Extraction process resulted 5% of crude extract. Qualitative analyzed by FTIR and quantitative by Megazyme method showed that the purity of β-glucan in crude extract was 47,7 % (w/w). The antimicrobial test indicated that β-glucan from baker’s yeast did not have antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579."