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"Tha main tribune of the Harapan Bangsa Stadium in Banda Aceh is a three - dimensional structure. The deads loads from the roofs, the gutters and the ventilations cause the frames to experience direct stress, not only tensile stress ot but also compresion stress ac..."

"Adanya peningkatan KLB (Koefisien Lantai Bangunan) pada daerah padat di Jakarta, memungkinkan para pemilik gedung melakukan perluasan bangunan secara vertikal dengan menambah struktur baja di atas struktur beton bertulang eksisting. Seringkali sambungan rigid dipakai pada sambungan kolom dasar struktur baja di atas struktur beton dengan mengasumsikan terjadi hubungan menerus antara baja dengan beton. Pada kenyataanya asumsi ini belum tentu benar akibat dari kemampuan sambungan sesungguhnya yang terbatas oleh kapasitas dan kekakuannya. Sehingga asumsi tersebut perlu dievaluasi kebenarannya demi menjaga perilaku struktur dan sambungan. Untuk itu, penelitian ini melakukan evaluasi hasil perancangan sambungan rigid pada dasar kolom baja dengan memodelkan sambungan menjadi pegas yang menghubungkan struktur baja dan struktur beton. Kekakuan rotasi sambungan dimodelkan secara non-linier untuk mendapatkan perilaku pasca leleh dari analisis pushover. Kekakuan sambungan diperoleh dari konfigurasi sambungan hasil perancangan yang melibatkan nilai overstrength factor (Wo) sesuai ketentuan AISC 341. Pada penelitian ini terdapat 7 variasi kekakuan sambungan yang didasarkan variasi Wo pada kombinasi gaya-gaya di sambungan dan mutu angkur (Fu) pada nilai Wo tertentu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan besarnya kekakuan sambungan akibat penurunan nilai Wo tidak mengurangi aksi sambungan rigid. Adanya variasi nilai Wo pada perancangan sambungan rigid tidak berpengaruh langsung nilai R dan Wo dari hasil pushover. Adanya variasi mutu angkur (Fu) juga tidak berpengaruh signifikan pada perilaku struktur. Hanya sambungan yang didesain dengan Wo = 1 menunjukkan perilaku non linier dan dimungkinkan terjadinya gagal geser. Untuk menjaga kekuatan di sambungan saat terjadi gempa di luar rencana pada struktur dan menjamin agar sambungan tetap berperilaku elastik, sambungan perlu didesain dengan menggunakan Wo minimal sebesar 1,5.

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An increase in Floor Area Ratio (KLB) in dense areas of Jakarta, enabling building owners to extend their building vertically by adding the steel frame structures above the existing reinforced concrete structures. A rigid connection of steel column bases above the concrete structures is often used by assuming a continous joint between steel and concrete. In the fact, this assumption is not necessarily true since the connection behaviour is limited to the capacity and stiffnesses. This may lead to evaluate the assumption so the overall structural and connection behaviour are controlled. Therefore, this research evaluates the rigid connection design by modeling the column base connections using spring connecting steel frame structures and concrete frame structures. The non linear rotational stiffness of the spring is modelled to obtain post yielding behavior from the pushover analysis. The connection stiffnesses are provided from connection designs involving overstrength factor (Wo) as prescribed in AISC 341.

There are 7 connection stiffness variations are built in this research based on Wo variations on loading combinations and anchor grade variations (Fu) for certain value Wo. The results showed a decrease in connection stiffness due to reduction value of Wo independent to the connection rigidity actions. Variation of Wo in the rigid connection design has no direct impact on the value of R and Wo from pushover analysis. The anchor grade variations has no significant effect on the structural performance. The non linear behaviour and possibility of shear failure of the connections are happened only when using Wo = 1. The connections shall be designed by minimum Wo = 1,5 to ensure the connection strength and the connection behavior still remains elastically when a greater earthquake force is subjected to the structure."

"Tesis ini membahas tentang framing citra positif gamers dalam pemberitaan maupun artikel terkait gamers pada media online kompas.com. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan analisis framing model Zhongdang Pan dan Kosicki. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kompas.com terkesan memframing citra positif pada gamers untuk mengikuti selera pasar saat ini. Framing citra positif yang berfokus pada penghasilan dan e-sport menunjukan bahwa kompas.com masih tunduk pada kepentingan kompas grup yang \memiliki kepentingan dengan acara bertemakan gamers.

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This thesis discusses Positif Image framing trough news and articles related to gamers in online media kompas.com. This study used a qualitative research method with the Zhongdang Pan and Kosicki framing analysis model. The results of this study indicate that kompas.com seems to frame a positive image of gamers to follow current market tastes. Positive image framing that focuses on income and e-sports shows that kompas.com is still subject to the Kompas Group which has an interest in gamers-themed news."

"This book explores how news media construct social issues and events and thereby convey certain perceptions within the scope of framing theory. By operationalizing media framing as a process of interpretation through defining problem, diagnosing causes, making moral judgments and suggesting solutions, the book proposes a systematic and transparent approach to images in news discourse. Based on a frame analysis, it examines how German news media framed a list of China-related issues and events, and thereby conveyed particular beliefs and opinions on this country. Moreover, it investigates whether there were dominant patterns of interpretation and the extent to which diverse views were evident by comparing two major daily newspapers with opposite political orientations - the FAZ and the taz. Motivated by the relationship between image and reality, the book explores image formation and persistence from media construction of meaning and human cognitive complexity in perceiving others. Media select certain issues and events and then interpret them from particular perspectives. A variety of professional and non-professional factors behind news making may result in biased representations. In addition, from a social psychological perspective, inaccurate perceptions of foreign cultures may arise from categorical thinking, biased processing of stimulus information, intergroup conflicts of interest and in-group favoritism.Accordingly, whether media coverage deviates from reality is not the main concern of this book; instead, it emphasizes the underlying logics upon which the conclusions and judgments were drawn. It therefore contributes to a rational understanding of Western discourse and holds practical implications for both Chinese public diplomacy and a more constructive role of news media in promoting the understanding of others."

"This book is intended for advanced students and young researchers interested in the analysis of partial differential equations and differential geometry. It discusses elementary concepts of surface geometry in higher-dimensional Euclidean spaces, in particular the differential equations of Gauss-Weingarten together with various integrability conditions and corresponding surface curvatures. It includes a chapter on curvature estimates for such surfaces, and, using results from potential theory and harmonic analysis, it addresses geometric and analytic methods to establish the existence and regularity of Coulomb frames in their normal bundles, which arise as critical points for a functional of total torsion."

"Gelagar pelat berongga tipe Jepang adalah pelat yang memiliki rongga berbentuk pentagonal untuk mengurangi berat sendirinya. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan lendutan dari simulasi numerik SAP2000v14.2 dengan pengujian laboratorium yang dilakukan oleh rekan peneliti Zulkarnain, M. Reza 2013 . Kajian ini membahas pengujian 2 tipe gelagar Jepang dalam skala 1:10 dari sebenarnya dan menggunakan campuran kering jadi dry mix . Kajian ini dilakukan dalam 2 pendekatan, numerikal dan eksperimental. Tipe pertama, gelagar pelat berongga dengan 3 variasi bentang yaitu 600mm, 800mm dan 1000mm dimana massa diberikan secara bertahap dari 0kg ndash; 100kg tepat di tengah bentang . Tipe kedua, gelagar pelat berongga dengan 3 variasi bentang yaitu 600mm, 800mm dan 1000mm dimana gelagar dibebani secara merata dan bertahap dengan massa dari 0kg ndash; 100kg di seperempat bentang. Dua tipe gelagar ini menggunakan struktur sistem pratarik yang ditarik dari arah memanjang girder dan sistem paska tarik kabel ditarik dari arah melintang girder. Kuat tekan yang dijadikan acuan untuk mensimulasikan perhitungan di SAP2000v14.2 didapat dari hasil pengujian yang dilakukan oleh rekan peneliti Zulkarnain, M. Reza 2013 . Simulasi pada kajian ini menggunakan modelisasi grid. Hasil perhitungan lendutan pada kajian numerik dengan hasil lendutan pada kajian eksperimental pada percobaan pertama dan percobaan kedua adalah mendekati. Pada percobaan pertama, kesalahan relatif terhadap eksperimental di bentang 600mm sebesar 10 , kesalahan relatif di bentang 800mm sebesar 9,615 dan kesalahan relatif di bentang 1000mm sebesar 8 . Pada percobaan kedua, kesalahan relatif di bentang 600mm sebesar 10,714 , kesalahan relatif di bentang 800mm sebesar 9,8 dan kesalahan relatif di bentang 1000mm sebesar 7,9 .

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Japan type voided slab girder is a slab which has pentagonal shaped cavity to reduce its self weight. The aim of this study is compare deflection among on experimental study with numerical study conducted by researcher partner Lestari, A 2013 . This study describes the testing of two types of Japan rsquo s girder in a scale ratio of 1 10 from actual condition and also using dry mixture dry mix . This study was conducted through two approaches, numerical and experimental. The first numerical analysis of voided slab girder was conducted on 3 span variations consisting of 600mm, 800mm and 1000mm which mass was loaded gradually from 0kg 100kg precisely at mid span of the girder. The second numerical analysis of voided slab girder was conducted on 3 span variations consisting of 600mm, 800mm and 1000mm on which was loaded over an area enabling to spread evenly and gradually from 0kg 100kg on quarter span of the girder. The two types of voided slab girder uses Pre tension system in the longitudinal direction of the girder, while a post tensioned cable is placed in the middle of the girder in the transversal direction of the girder . The concrete compressive strength which is taken as reference for simulation on SAP2000v14.2 calculation was obtained from laboratory testing conducted by partner researcher associate Zulkarnain, M. Reza 2013 . Numerical simulation was conducted using grid model. Deflection of the girder from numerical simulation and experimental testing for the first and the second loading case are in general in good agreement. For the first loading case, relative error in numerical study to experimental study on span of 600mm is about 10 while on span of 800mm is 9,615 and on span of 1000mm amounts to 8 . For the second loading case, the relative error in numerical analysis to experimental study on span of 600mm is about 10,714 , while that of on span of 800mm amounts to 9.8 and on span of 1000mm is 7.9 ."