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"This research is intended to describe the efficiency level of rice agriculture in Central Java. Agribusiness approaches enable to explain the agriculture sector more comprehensively, focusing on agriculture with its backward and forward subsystems. This research employs DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) to compute efficiency level, and covers fourteen districts with land productivity above the province average level. This research finds that only four districts perform efficiency level 100 percent relative to other districts. The solution for this inefficiency problem can be achieved by employing managerial simulation generated by DEA."

"The research aimed to role out the genetic variability and the classification of Java Salacca based on its morphological and molecular characters and to find out the genetic relationship among salacca cultivars that can be selected as parental material for breeding program. The salacca from Manonjaya (West Java), Banjarnegara, Bejalen, Lawu and Saratan (Central Java), Super Pondoh, Black Pondoh, Gading, Kembangarum, Madu and Manggala (Sleman-Yogyakarta) and Suwaru (East Java) were used in our study. Morphological characters and classification analysis by RAPD method with six random primers (OPA-11, OPA-16, OPA-17, OPA-18, OPX-15, OPX-17) were used as classification variable. The genetic variability among cultivars of Java Salacca was presented by the similarity matrixes and dendogram. Based on the morphological classification, the twelve salacca cultivars was divided at four clusters: 1) Manonjaya, Manggala, Suwaru and Kembangarum, 2) Super Pondoh and Black Pondoh, 3) Banjarnegara, Saratan and Bejalen, 4) gading, Madu and Lawu. Based on the molecular-RAPD method, the twelve salacca cultivars was also divided into four clusters but difference member of cultivars: 1) Super Pondoh, Banjarnegara, Black Pondoh, gading, Kembangarum and Suwaru, 2) Bejalen, Saratan and Lawu, 3) madu and Manggala, and 4) Manonjaya. Based on the two classification system used in the study I found the close relationship of Saratan Salacca and Bejalen Salacca from Central Java origin also Super Pondoh Salacca and Black Pondoh Salacca from Sleman-Yogyakarta origin."

"To study the intergeneric crossing between orchids of Phalaenopsis sp. and Vanda Tricolor, three species of Phalaenopsis sp. (Phalaenopsis Joane Kileup June, Phalaenopsis Pinlong Cinderella, and (Phal. Fortune Buddha x Phal. Princess Kaiulani) were crossed reciprocally with Vanda Tricolor in time-different value (within the first, second and third week after full opened flower). The crossing of phalaenopsis sp. and Vanda tricolor was compatible, and the use of Phalaenopsis sp. as male parent had better probability in producing fruits rather than the opposite. The crossing which was done at the first and the second weeks after blooming produced more fruit than the crossing at the third weeks after blooming, even through it did not affect the success of crossing, time of fruit formation, and duration of fruit hanging."

"Kabupaten Banyumas adalah salah satu kabupaten yang memiliki potensi yang baik dalam sektor pertanian. Kabupaten Banyumas sendiri sejak 2011 melakukan pengembangan Kawasan Agropolitan yang tercantum dalam RTRW Kabupaten Banyumas. Namun, pada kenyataannya kebijakan ini belum dapat berjalan, baik secara sistem maupun keruangan. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini mencoba menilai bagaimana pengembangan Kawasan Agropolitan Kabupaten Banyumas kedepannya. Dengan menggunakan dua basis komoditas yakni padi dan kelapa untuk dikembangkan, penelitian ini menilai dimana lokasi yang sesuai untuk wilayah usaha tani, sentra produksi, dan juga pasar serta pusat perkotaan pada Kawasan Agropolitan Kabupaten Banyumas. Dengan analisis kesesuaian lokasi desa, yakni kesesuaian lahan untuk wilayah usaha tani dan indeks komposit dengan z score dapat ditentukan wilayah mana saja yang sesuai dalam pengembangan Kawasan Agropolitan Kabupaten Banyumas. Dengan juga melihat karakteristik dan aksesibilitas, dinilai juga bagaimana keterhubungan antar wilayah fungsional dalam Kawasan Agropolitan Kabupaten Banyumas. Hasilnya, dalam penelitian ini dapat dilihat bahwa untuk wilayah usaha tani, secara keseluruhan Kawasan Agropolitan Kabupaten Banyumas sesuai untuk dikembangkan padi dan kelapa. Selanjutnya pun terdapat 11 desa yang sangat sesuai untuk dikembangkan sebagai lokasi sentra produksi, sementara terdapat empat desa yang sangat sesuai untuk lokasi pasar dan perkotaan Kawasan Agropolitan Kabupaten Banyumas. Karakteristik yang ada juga menunjukan adanya potensi untuk dikembangkan Kawasan Agropolitan Kabupaten Banyumas yang juga telah memiliki keterhubungan baik ini.

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Banyumas Regency is one of the districts that has good potential in the agricultural sector. Banyumas Regency itself since 2011 has been developing the Agropolitan Area listed in the RTRW of Banyumas Regency. However, in reality this policy has not been able to work, both systemically and spatially. Therefore, this study tries to assess how the development of the Banyumas Regency Agropolitan Area will be in the future. By using two commodity bases namely rice and coconut to be developed, this study assesses which locations are suitable for farming areas, production centers, as well as markets and urban centers in the Agropolitan Area of ​​Banyumas Regency. By analyzing the suitability of the village location, namely the suitability of land for farming areas and a composite index with a z score, it can be determined which areas are suitable for the development of the Banyumas Regency Agropolitan Area. By also looking at the characteristics and accessibility, it is also assessed how the connectivity between functional areas in the Agropolitan Area of ​​Banyumas Regency is assessed. As a result, in this study it can be seen that for the farming area, the overall Agropolitan area of ​​Banyumas Regency is suitable for rice and coconut development. Furthermore, there are 11 villages that are very suitable to be developed as production center locations, while there are four villages that are very suitable for market and urban locations in the Agropolitan Area of ​​Banyumas Regency. The existing characteristics also show the potential for developing the Banyumas Regency Agropolitan Area which also has this good connection."

"Agricultural sector has a very strategic role in the national development. Nevertheless, the agricultural sector still deals with some problems, e.g. lack of capital for farmers and agricultural business. National banks, theoretically, have a significant potential for agricultural financing because of their core business as the financial intermediary institution. However, the facts show that national banking credit to the agricultural sector is still limited, that is less than 6 percent. This paper aims to review potential, role and the constraint of national banks in financing the agricultural sector. The study shows that the lack of financing in the agricultural sector by national banks caused by high risk in the agricultural sector, complicated term in credit proposal, poor management of agricultural businesses due to its micro-small scale, and limited competence of bank in the field of agricultural finance. The government tries to increase agricultural finance through increasing budget allocation to this sector, improving effectiveness of state budget funds, or formulating an alternative financing scheme in accordance with the characteristics of agriculture."

"Agroecology not only encompasses aspects of ecology, but the ecology of sustainable food production systems, and related societal and cultural values. To provide effective communication regarding status and advances in this field, connections must be established with many disciplines such as sociology, anthropology, environmental sciences, ethics, agriculture, economics, ecology, rural development, sustainability, policy and education, or integrations of these general themes so as to provide integrated points of view that will help lead to a more sustainable construction of values than conventional economics alone. Such designs are inherently complex and dynamic, and go beyond the individual farm to include landscapes, communities, and biogeographic regions by emphasizing their unique agricultural and ecological values, and their biological, societal, and cultural components and processes."