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"Koefisien difusi merupakan nilai besaran yang menjadi karakterisasi perambatan konsentrasi di antara dua atau lebih zat yang sedang bercampur. Proses difusi memiliki peran penting dalam berbagai aplikasi di bidang kimia, industri, serta dalam kontrol polusi. Metode Wiener’s digunakan untuk memperoleh koefisien difusi larutan karena metode ini dianggap paling efektif dan akurat. Metode ini dipadukan dengan image processing menggunakan Python 3.9 untuk memperoleh nilai koefisien difusi dengan cepat dan akurat. Variasi medan magnet diberikan untuk mengetahui repon sistem, didapat pada larutan dengan kandungan unsur logam didalamnya akan terjadi surface plasmon resonance yang akan mengurangi koefisien difusi larutan-larutan tersebut. Menggunakan sistem ini didapat besar DNaCl-Akuades,DNaCl-Nanogold dan DNaCl-SBF dengan R^2 >= 0.95 Berdasarkan nilai tersebut diperoleh deteksi tepi Sobel lebih baik dari Canny.

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The difusion coefficient is a quantity that characterizes the concentration propagation between two or more substances that are mixed. Difusion processes have an important role in a wide range of applications in chemistry, industry, and pollution control. The Wiener experiment Setup method is used to obtain the diffusion coefficient of the solution because this method is considered the most effective and accurate. This method is combined with image processing using Python 3.9 to obtain the value of the difusion coefficient fast and accurately. The variation of the magnetic field given to determine the response system, obtained in a solution containing metal elements where in it will occur surface plasmon resonance which will reduce the difusion coefficient of these solutions. Using this system, we get DNaCl-Akuades,DNaCl-Nanogold and DNaCl-SBF are obtained with a value of R^2 >= 0.95. Based on this value, the Sobel edge detection is better than Canny."

"Pada penelitian ini, pelapisan nikel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode elektrodeposisi di atas substrat aluminium. Proses elektrodeposisi dilakukan di dalam medium elektrolit nikel sulfat dengan penambahan medan magnet eksternal diintensitas sebesar 0, 800, 1400, dan 1800 Gauss. Banyak penelitian menunjukan adanya peningkatan sifat tahan korosi dari pelapis yang diakibatkan oleh penambahan medan magnet ini. Struktur kristal dan pengaruh medan magnet terhadap preferensi bidang pertumbuhan kristal dari sampel diamati dengan menggunakan pengukuran difraksi sinar-X/ X-ray diffraction (XRD). Polarisasi potensiodinamik linear sweap voltametry (LSV) digunakan untuk mengetahui arus dan potensial korosi yang merepresentasikan perilaku korosi dari sampel. Perubahan morfologi dan tekstur kristal diobservasi menggunakan pengamatan optik. Hasil karakterisasi sampel menunjukan kalau medan magnet membuat ukuran kristal deposit mengecil, mengurangi efek preferensi orientasi kearah bidang tertentu, dan membuat lapisan menjadi lebih halus. Laju korosi dari sampel nikel dibawah pengaruh medan magnet sebesar 0, 800, 1400, dan 1800 Gauss secara berturut-turut adalah 0,0939, 0,039, 0,032, dan 0,0055 mmpy. Peningkatan ketahanan korosi terkorelasi kuat dengan pengecilan ukuran kristal dan lapisan yang lebih halus.

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In this study, Nickel Plating was carried out using the electrodeposition method on an aluminum substrate. The electrodeposition process was carried out in a Nickel Sulfate electrolyte medium and an external magnetic field was applied with intensities of 800 Gauss, 1400 Gauss, and 1800 Gauss. Many studies have shown an increase in corrosion resistance caused by magnetic fields. The crystal structure and the influence of the magnetic field on the crystal growth field preference of the samples were observed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. Potentiodynamic polarization linear sweap voltametry (LSV) was used to determine the current and corrosion potential that represented the corrosion behavior of the sample. Changes in the morphology and texture of the crystals were also analyzed using optical observations. The magnetic field reduces the deposit crystal size and reduces the effect of orientation preference. The corrosion rates of nickel samples under the influence of magnetic fields were 0, 800, 1400 and 1800 Gauss respectively 0.0939, 0.039, 0.032 and 0.0055 mmpy. Increased corrosion resistance correlated with reduction in crystal size. The results of optical observations show that the addition of a magnetic field makes the surface of the nickel layer rougher which is also the biggest influence in increasing corrosion resistance."

"ABSTRAKBanyak faktor yang dapat mengubah struktur energi DNA, dan pada akhirnya, hal tersebut berpengaruh kepada transpor elektron pada molekul DNA. Studi yang dilakukan berfokus kepada pengaruh medan listrik pada properti transpor muatan dari molekul DNA poly(dA)-poly(dT). Model DNA pada studi ini memperbolehkan elektron untuk mengalir dari backbone ke backbone. Model hamiltonian tight-binding digunakan dengan melibatkan medan listrik dan temperatur. Medan listrik diatur sejajar dengan sumbu heliks DNA. Medan listrik dimodelkan dengan mengacu pada formula Miller-Abraham yang mengubah konstanta hopping antar-sites dalam DNA. Metode transfer-matrix dan ortonormalisasi Gram-Schmidt digunakan untuk menghitung panjang lokalisasi. Retarded Green Function digunakan untuk menghitung DOS. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa ketika medan listrik meningkat, terjadi pelebaran celah pada panjang lokalisasi dan DOS. Sedangkan peningkatan suhu meningkatkan disorder pada sistem.

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ABSTRACTThere are many factors that can change the energy structure of DNA, and in the end it can affects electronic transport in DNA molecules. The study will focus on the influence of the electric field on the charge transport properties of the poly(dA)-poly (dT) DNA molecule. The DNA model in this study allows electrons to propagate from the backbone to backbone. The tight-binding Hamiltonian model is used by taking into account the electric field and temperature influence. The electric field is applied parallel to the helical axis of DNA. The electric field which change the hopping constant between sites in DNA will be modeled by using  the Miller-Abraham formula. The transfer-matrix method and Gram-Schmidt orthonormalisation method are used to calculate the length of localization. Retarded Green Function is used to calculate DOS. The results obtained show that when electric field increases, there will be widening of the gap at the localization length and DOS. While the increase in temperature will increase disorder in the system."

"The main contribution of this article is the mapping of the electric fields in transmission power lines using the Charge Simulation Method (CSM), combined with an embedded system. In this research, a computational routine was written in MATLAB®. The electric field intensity is calculated at a 1 meter height on right-of-way and between towers. The mapping is performed for a space between towers and considers that the maximum arrow of the conductors occurs in the middle of this distance, what provides a computational result where the profile of the electric field can be analyzed. The bundle conductor height varies along the distance between towers in order to improve the values of the calculated field. The results can be seen in different graphics (three-dimensional, bi-dimensional, a slice of the field and others). Charge Simulation Method is a power tool for calculating intensity field of high voltage systems, so this is a motivation for the use of the method. A series of detectors are used to obtain the data of the voltage that is provided to the load. These data are captured by a microcontroller and transmitted to the operational center. Using this data, the measure of the field is possible."

"This volume is devoted to the dynamics and diagnostics of solar magnetic fields and plasmas in the sun’s atmosphere. Five broad areas of current research in solar physics are presented: (1) New techniques for incorporating radiation transfer effects into three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic models of the solar interior and atmosphere, (2) The connection between observed radiation processes occurring during flares and the underlying flare energy release and transport mechanisms, (3) The global balance of forces and momenta that occur during flares, (4) The data-analysis and theoretical tools needed to understand and assimilate vector magnetogram observations and (5) Connecting flare and CME phenomena to the topological properties of the magnetic field in the solar atmosphere. "

"Koefisien difusi merupakan nilai besaran yang menjadi karakterisasi perambatan konsentrasi di antara dua atau lebih zat yang sedang bercampur. Proses difusi memiliki peran penting dalam berbagai aplikasi di bidang kimia, industri, serta dalam kontrol polusi. Metode Wiener’s digunakan untuk memperoleh koefisien difusi larutan karena metode ini dianggap paling efektif dan akurat. Metode ini dipadukan dengan image processing menggunakan Python 3.9 untuk memperoleh nilai koefisien difusi dengan cepat dan akurat. Variasi medan magnet diberikan untuk mengetahui repon sistem, didapat pada larutan dengan kandungan unsur logam didalamnya akan terjadi surface plasmon resonance yang akan mengurangi koefisien difusi larutan-larutan tersebut. Menggunakan sistem ini didapat besar DNaCl-Akuades,DNaCl-Nanogold dan DNaCl-SBF dengan R^2 >= 0.95 Berdasarkan nilai tersebut diperoleh deteksi tepi Sobel lebih baik dari Canny.

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.The difusion coefficient is a quantity that characterizes the concentration propagation between two or more substances that are mixed. Difusion processes have an important role in a wide range of applications in chemistry, industry, and pollution control. The Wiener experiment Setup method is used to obtain the diffusion coefficient of the solution because this method is considered the most effective and accurate. This method is combined with image processing using Python 3.9 to obtain the value of the difusion coefficient fast and accurately. The variation of the magnetic field given to determine the response system, obtained in a solution containing metal elements where in it will occur surface plasmon resonance which will reduce the difusion coefficient of these solutions. Using this system, we get DNaCl-Akuades,DNaCl-Nanogold and DNaCl-SBF are obtained with a value of R^2 >= 0.95. Based on this value, the Sobel edge detection is better than Canny."