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"ABSTRAKKarakteristik massa air di perairan sekitar Maluku dipengaruhi oleh massa air dari Samudera Pasifik. Parameter yang digunakan untuk melihat perubahan ketika kejadian El Nino maupun La Nina adalah suhu permukaan laut, salinitas dan pola T-S Diagram. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji hubungan karakter massa air di Samudera Pasifik dan laut Banda pada tahun 1993 hingga 2000 dengan kondisi Iklim di daerah Maluku. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan data CTD dari World Ocean Database dan data iklim dari The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts di perairan sekitar MalukuTerdapat dua jenis massa air yang mempengaruhi laut Banda, dapat dilihat dari dua tipe densitas, ?t = 26.0 kg/m3 dengan salinitas maksimal 34.9 psu pada kedalaman 230 m merupakan massa air dari Pasifik Selatan. Kemudian, nilai densitas sebesar ?t = 23.7 kg/m3 dengan salinitas maksimal 34.83 psu pada kedalaman 127 m, massa air dari Pasifik Utara. Hubungan antara massa air dengan iklim yaitu ketika terjadi El Nino tahun 1998 nilai salinitas permukaan 33.8 PSU, lebih tinggi dari pada salinitas pada saat kondisi normal yang berkisar antara 33.65 psu. Sedangkan pada saat La Nina tahun 2000 nilai salinitas permukaan rata ndash; rata 34.3 psu, lebih tinggi daripada kondisi normal yang berkisar antara 34.56 PSU.

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ABSTRACTWater mass characteristics in the waters around Maluku influenced by the water mass from the Pacific Ocean. The parameters used to see the changes when the El Nino and La Nina are the sea surface temperature, salinity and T S diagram patterns. Generally, this research aims to examine the relationship of water mass character in the Pacific Ocean and the Banda Sea in 1993 to 2000 normal condition, El Nino and La Nina events to the climate conditions in the Maluku. The study was conducted using data CTD World Ocean Database and climate data from the The European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts in the waters around MalukuThere are two types of water masses affect the Banda Sea, which can be seen from the two types of density, each of t 26.0 kg m3 with a salinity maximum 34.9 PSU at a depth of 230 m, shows the influence of the water mass of the South Pacific. The density of t 23.7 kg m3 with a maximum salinity 34.83 psu at a depth of 127 m, shows the influence of the water mass of the North Pacific. The relationship between the water mass and the climate are clearly shown during the 1998 El Ni o, surface salinity value 33.8 psu higher than normal conditions 33.65 psu . Meanwhile, during the La Nina at 1999 2000 average value of surface salinity 34.3 psu , are higher than normal conditions 34.56 psu ."

"A numerical ocean modeling study using spectral element method is used to simulate the Indian Ocean Kelvin wavepropagation along the Makassar Strait and the Sulawesi Sea by giving a-prescribed-50-day Kelvin wave forcing in thenorthern mouth of the Lombok Strait. The least square fit analysis is employed to extract a-50-day-resonant signal fromthe interface height data simulation. The results indicate that the 50-day Kelvin wave propagates northward along theMakassar Strait. One part of this wave turns back at the Labani channel and makes southward propagation along theeastern coast of the Makassar Strait. The rest part is going further to enter the Sulawesi Sea and makes 50-day resonancewithin the basin. This finding will have important implication on the intra-seasonal time scale variability of theIndonesian throughflow transport entering the Indonesian Seas and needs further investigation as well as comparisonwith observational data."

"Summary:Travelling the circumference of the truly gigantic Pacific, Simon Winchester tells the story of the world's largest body of water, and - in matters economic, political and military"

"ABSTRAKThe water-wave interaction with submerged breakwaters is examined to determine the reflection and transmission coefficients. Three types of breakwaters are considered, namely, a submerged breakwater extending from the sea bed until below the waterline, a breakwater extending from above the seawater to some distance below, and a breakwater extending all the way from the seabed with slit at some distance from the bed. In all three cases the breakwaters are assumed to be rigid, thin, and impermeable, and subjected to linear monochromatic waves, and the fluid motion is idealized as linearized, two-dimensional potential flow. A computationally efficient method - an eigenfunction technique with a mixed boundary condition - is used to determine the velocity potential anywhere in the region of flow. The least-square method has been utilized in the solution for the mixed boundary condition. The accuracy of the solution is demonstrated by comparing the numerical values for the transmission coefficient with those obtained from experiments or other analytical solutions but with water depth restrictions. Numerical results in terms of both reflection and transmission coefficients are presented for each case."

"Mode Kopel Laut-Atmosfer di Daerah Tropis Samudera Hindia selama Tahun 2011. Mode kopel laut-atmosfer di kawasan tropis Samudera Hindia yang dikenal sebagai fenomena Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) terjadi pada musim panas hingga musim gugur tahun 2011. Pada studi ini, data observasi satelit, data reanalisis, dan data dari hasil pengukuran arus laut digunakan untuk mengevaluasi terjadinya fenomena IOD di tahun 2011. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa fenomena IOD tahun 2011 merupakan jenis IOD yang lemah dan berdurasi pendek. IOD di tahun 2011 mulai terbentuk di bulan Juli, mencapai puncaknya di bulan September, meluruh di bulan Oktober dan menghilang di bulan November. Pada saat fase puncak, anomali suhu permukaan laut di dekat pantai Sumatera-Jawa mencapai -1,2 °C. Data observasi arus di tengah dan di sisi timur ekuator Samudera Hindia menunjukkan adanya respon laut terhadap anomali sirkulasi atmosfer. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa arus zona bergerak ke arah barat sebagai respon terhadap angin timuran pada fase puncak IOD tahun 2011.

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Coupled ocean-atmosphere mode in the tropical Indian Ocean, so-called the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), occurred during boreal summer to fall 2011. In this study, data from satellite observations and atmospheric reanalysis datasets together with data from ocean current mooring were used to evaluate the evolution of the 2011 IOD event. It is shown that the 2011 IOD was a weak and short-lived event. It developed in July, peaked in September, decayed in October and terminated in November. During the peak phase, maximum negative sea surface temperature anomaly off Sumatera- Java reached -1.2 °C. As oceanic response to easterly wind anomalies along the equator, the observed zonal currents in the central and eastern equatorial Indian Ocean also showed prominent westward currents during the peak phase of the 2011 IOD event."