Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"The book covers a broad spectrum of topics, ranging from pioneering research in the field of classical steroid hormones to very recently discovered orphan receptors and their modulators. State of the art technologies are also discussed in the individual chapters that help to develop a deeper insight into the biochemical and pharmacological principles underlying the biological function of nuclear receptors.Edited by two experts working at the pioneering pharmaceutical company and major global player in hormone-derived drugs, this handbook and reference systematically treats the drug development aspects of all human nuclear receptors, including recently characterized receptors such as PPAR, FXR and LXR. Authors from leading pharmaceutical companies around the world present examples and real-life data from their own work."

"Opening with a general introduction on chemokine function and chemokine receptor biology, the handbook goes on to cover the known implications of these signaling molecules in human diseases, such as cancer, neural disorders, and viral infection, including HIV/AIDS. The second half of the book systematically surveys current drug development efforts at targeting individual chemokine receptors, as well as other chemokine interaction partners. Contributions in the first part of the book are mainly from academia, whereas the second part contains up-to-date reports from the pharmaceutical industry."

"BPOM memberikan arahan agar semua industri farmasi memperbarui spesifikasi obat dan bahan baku obat sesuai dengan kompendial terbaru karena ditemukannya cemaran etilen glikol dan dietilen glikol. Arahan tersebut diperoleh dari sosialisasi Badan POM. Pencarian spesifikasi dan metode analisis obat dan bahan obat mengacu pada Farmakope Indonesia (FI) VI dan United States Pharmacopeia (USP) NF 2022, kemudian dilakukan pembandingan antara kedua kompendial. Pengecekan ketersediaan reagent yang digunakan untuk pengujian dilakukan melalui daftar excel reagent yang tersedia di laboratorium. Tugas khusus ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan spesifikasi dan metode analisis bahan baku obat pada FI VI dan USP NF 2022 sebagai langkah dalam menentukan metode yang paling baik untuk diimplementasikan serta pengecekan feasibility laboratorium untuk penerapan metode analisis baru.

---

BPOM provides directions for all pharmaceutical industries to update drug specifications and drug raw materials in accordance with the latest compendial due to the discovery of ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol contamination. This direction was obtained from the POM Agency's outreach. Search for specifications and analysis methods for drugs and medicinal substances referring to the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia (FI) VI and the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) NF 2022, then a comparison is made between the two compendials. Checking the availability of reagents used for testing is carried out through the Excel list of reagents available in the laboratory. This special assignment aims to analyze the differences in specifications and analytical methods for medicinal raw materials in FI VI and USP NF 2022 as a step in determining the best method to implement as well as checking laboratory feasibility for implementing the new analytical method."

"This practice-oriented handbook surveys current knowledge on the prediction and prevention of adverse drug reactions related to off-target activity of small molecule drugs. It is unique in collating the current approaches into a single source, and includes several highly instructive case studies that may be used as guidelines on how to improve drug development projects. With its large section on ADME-related effects, this is key knowledge for every drug developer."

"This first systematic overview for more than a decade is tailor-made for the medicinal chemist. All the chapters are written by experienced drug developers and include practical examples from real drug candidates. Following an introduction to global drug properties and their impact on drug research, screening and combinatorial chemistry libraries, this handbook demonstrates the best and fastest way to estimate those properties most relevant for the efficiency and pharmacokinetic performance of a drug molecule: lipophilicity,solubility, electronic properties and conformation."

"Computer-assisted techniques are well-integrated in modern drug discovery and used for the finding of new leads, the optimization of receptor or enzyme affinity, as well as of pharmacokinetic and physicochemical properties.In this book an account is found of current strategies used in computer-assisted drug design. Important topics include progress in chemometrics, molecular modeling and three-dimensional QSAR approaches. Relatively new mathematical methods such as genetic algorithms or artificial neural networks and fuzzy logic have found their application in rational molecular design. As is amply illustrated, based on recent developments in these disciplines, important progress has been made in lead finding strategies. This is of great importance to the pharmaceutical industry.Thus, all scientists investigating quantitative structure-activity relationships in their broadest sense, in medicinal, agricultural, or environmental chemistry will benefit from this book."

"Proses invasi Plasmodium falciparum ke dalam sel darah merah merupakan tahapan penting pada infeksi malaria. Proses ini sangat kompleks melibatkan interaksi antara protein ligan pada permukaan merozoit parasit dengan reseptor permukaan pada sel darah merah inang. Reseptor sel darah merah yang digunakan pada saat invasi parasit P. falciparum diidentifikasi berdasarkan sensitivitasnya terhadap enzim neuraminidase (N), tripsin (T) dan kimotripsin (K). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 69 darah pasien yang terinfeksi P. falciparum yang dikultur secara ex vivo secara langsung di laboratorium di Timika. Sel darah donor yang digunakan untuk uji invasi sebelumnya diberi perlakuan dengan 50 mU/ml neuraminidase, 1 mg/ml tripsin, atau 1 mg/ml kimotripsin. Kami mengidentifikasi 8 pola invasi parasit malaria dengan tipe terbanyak yang ditemukan adalah tipe A yang resistan terhadap ketiga perlakuan enzim (NrTrKr; 28,99%) dan tipe B (NsTsKr; 21,74%). Selain itu dilakukan pula analisis untuk mengetahui ekspresi relatif protein kelompok Duffy Binding Ligand (DBL) dan Reticulocytes Homolog (Rh) yang berperan pada proses invasi dengan mendeteksi ekspresi protein tersebut dari RNA yang disintesis menjadi cDNA yang diisolasi pada stadium schizon dari masing-masing isolat klinis. Protein kelompok DBL yang dianalisis adalah EBA-140, 175, 181 sedangkan dari kelompok Rh adalah Rh-1, 2a, dan 2b. Hasil analisis kuantitatif dengan real time reverse transcription PCR menunjukkan bahwa protein EBA-140, Rh-1 dan EBA-175 merupakan tiga protein ligan P. falciparum yang paling umum ditemukan pada isolat klinis parasit malaria di Timika, Papua. Variasi genetik sel darah merah seperti Southeast Asian Ovalocytosis (SAO), Gerbich negatif, dan varian hemoglobin (HbE) tidak ditemukan pengaruhnya pada proses invasi pada penelitian ini. Informasi yang dihasilkan pada penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi masukkan untuk pengembangan vaksin malaria berbasis hambatan invasi parasit ke dalam sel darah merah.

---

Plasmodium falciparum invasion is a complex process involving several parasite ligands and their receptors expressed on the red blood cell surface. We reported various receptors used by the parasite ligands during their invasion based on their sensitivity to neuraminidase (N), trypsin (T) or chymotrypsin (C). Most field isolates in Timika invaded red blood cells through type A receptor that was resistant to all enzyme treatments (NrTrCr; 28,99%) and type B that was sensitive to neuraminidase and trypsin (NsTsCr; 21,74%). The expression of two invasion ligands; Plasmodium falciparum Duffy binding ligand (PfDBL) and P. falciparum reticulocyte homolog (PfRh) were quantified from the schizonts stage of each isolate. We employed quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (QRT-RT-PCR) to detect the expression of PfDBL family including EBA-140, EBA-175 and EBL-181 and PfRh genes such as Rh-1, Rh-2a, Rh-2b. We demonstrated thatEBA-140, Rh-1 and EBA-175 werethe major invasion ligands expressed in P. falciparum of Timikan isolates. The presence of red cell polymorphisms including the Southeast Asian Ovalocytosis (SAO), Gerbich negativity, and variant hemoglobin (HbE) as detected by PCR was not found to affect parasite invasion. The present study strengthens the support to include malaria invasion proteins into the development of malaria vaccine platform."