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"This book presents some of the recent advances in Ultrasound imaging technology covering several organs and techniques in a Biomedical Engineering (BME) perspective. The focus of the book is in the algorithms, methodologies and systems developed by multidisciplinary research teams of engineers and physicians for Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) purposes.Cardiovascular and Cancer, the most common life-threatening diseases in western countries, are two of the most important topics focused in the book. However, other advanced issues are also presented such as Intravascular Ultrasound, 3D US and Ultrasound in Computer-Aided Surgery (CAS). Some chapters are direct contributions from medical research groups where Ultrasound has also received great attention in the last decade. By this, new techniques based on Ultrasound were introduced in the clinical practice for diagnosis and therapeutics, mainly in hospital facilities."

"Tujuan: Mengetahui sensitivitas dan spesifisitas Ultrasonografi Doppler Berwarna (USG DB) dibandingkan dengan pemeriksaan histopatologi dalam menilai metastasis kelenjar getah bening (KGB) aksila level I pada pasien karsinoma payudara (KPD).Saban dan Metode: Pemeriksaan USG DB dilakukan pada 39 KGB aksila dari 17 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria penerimaan. USG DB menilai KGB dengan B-mode, Color mode clan Doppler mode untuk kemudian dibandingkan dengan pemeriksaan histopatologi, Pemeriksaan dilakukan menggunakan transduser linear frekuensi 10 MHz (GE, Logiq 3).Hasil penelitian: Pada pemeriksaan USG Doppler mode didapatkan sensitivitas 73,3%, spesifisitas 87,5%, yang bennakna secara statistik. Pemeriksaan USG Co/or mode mempunyai nilai kappa dan spesifisitas yang rendah, meskipun bermakna secara statistik. Pemeriksaan USG lainnya (B-mode maupun kombinasi) tidak memberikan hasil yang bermakna.Kesimpulan: Pemeriksaan USG Doppler mode mempunyai sensitivitas dan spesifisitas yang baik dan bermakna secara statistik. Hal ini diharapkan dapat membantu klinisi dalam menilai metastasis kelenjar getah bening aksila secara non-invasif.

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Objective: To establish sensitivity and specificity of Color Doppler Ultrasound (CDU) in the assessment of level ! axillary lymph nodes metastases in breast cancer patients.

Material and methods:. CDU was performed in 39 aril/my lymph nodes from 17 patients, to evaluate B-mode, Color erode dan Doppler mode images in comparison with histopathologic finding of metastases. CDU examination was performed using linear transducers 1OMHz (GE, Log-4 3).

Results: The sensitivity and specificity of Doppler mode in CDU were 73,3% and 87,5%, and they were statistically significant. Although color mode evaluation was statistically significant, its specificity and kappa value are low. Other evaluations such as B-mode or combination mode gave unsignificant results,

Conclusion: Doppler mode in CDU examination has a good sensitivity and specificity in detecting axillary lymph nodes metastases. It is considered useful for the clinicians in evaluating lymph nodes status using non-invasive procedure."

"Praise for the previous edition: Remarkable, richly illustrated textbook ... enriched by numerous demonstrative illustrations ... the quality of all the 2397 illustrations is an iconographic achievement. Practically no criticism can be raised for this most remarkable book, which one expects will have a wide diffusion. -- Clinical Imaging Differential Diagnosis in Ultrasound Imaging, Second Edition, is a complete revision and extension of this best-selling Thieme title, bringing it up to date with the very latest clinical and technological standards. With a specific focus on general abdominal.This book focuses on general abdominal, genitourinary, and thyroid pathologies to guide readers through the process of sonographic differential diagnosis."

"[ABSTRAKTujuan: Menentukan hubungan obesitas dengan proporsi ukuran tumor, keterlibatan KGB aksila dan derajat histopatologi pada pasien kanker payudara stadium I – IIIA di RSUPNCM, serta membantu meningkatkan kualitas tatalaksana bagi klinisi.Metode: Analisa menggunakan data sekunder pada pasien kanker payudara stadium I – III A. Dikatan obesitas bila indeks massa tubuh ≥ 25 kg/m2 dan non obesitas < 25 kg/m2. Hasil ukuran tumor dikelompokkan menjadi < 2 cm, 2-5 cm dan > 5 cm berdasarkan sistem staging TNM AJCC. Ukuran tumor diperoleh melalui pencitraan ultrasonografi payudara yang tersimpan pada sistem PACS. Keterlibatan KGB aksila serta derajat histopatologi diperoleh dari hasil ekspertise patologi anatomi.Hasil: Jumlah subyek penelitian sebanyak 52 pasien kanker payudara stadium I– IIIA tahun 2012 - 2014 di RSUPNCM terdiri dari 26 pasien obesitas dan 26 pasien non obesitas. Tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara ukuran tumor berdasarkan staging dengan obesitas (P= 0,795 (uji chi square)). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara obesitas dengan derajat histopatologi (P=0,610, (uji mutlak fisher)). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara obesitas dan keterlibatan KGB aksila (P =0,404 (uji chi square)). Median ukuran tumor pada pasien obesitas 2,95 cm dan pasien non obesitas 2,73 cm. Dari 26 pasien obesitas, 25 diantaranya memiliki derajat tinggi. Dari 26 pasien non obesitas, 14 memiliki keterlibatan KGB aksila.Kesimpulan: Pasien kanker payudara yang obesitas tidak berhubungan dengan besarnya ukuran tumor, keterlibatan KGB aksila dan derajat histopatologi yang tinggi. Namun terdapat kecenderungan pasien kanker payudara yang obesitas memiliki ukuran tumor yang lebih besar dan tingginya derajat histopatologi. Sedangkan keterlibatan KGB aksila lebih cenderung pada pasien yang non obesitas.

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ABSTRACTObjective: Determine the relationship of obesity with tumor size proportion, axillary lymph node involvement and histopathological grading in breast cancer patients stage I-IIIA in Cipto Mangunkusomo hospital and to help improvement the quality of management by clinician.Methods: Analysis using secondary data of breast cancer patient stage I-IIIA. Obesity grouped if body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2 and non obese < 25 kg/m2. The results of tumor size are grouped into 0-2 cm, 2-5 cm and > 5 cm based on the AJCC TNM staging system. Tumor size obtained through breast ultrasound imaging from PACS system. Axillary lymph node involvement and histopathological grading obtained from the anatomical pathology expertise.Results: The study subjects are 52 patients with stage I-IIIA breast cancer in 2012-2014 in Cipto Mangunkusumo consisted of 26 obese and 26 non-obese patients. There is no significant relationship between tumor size based on staging with obesity (P = 0.795 (chi square test)). There was no significant relationship between obesity and grading histopathology (P = 0.610, (absolute test fisher)). There was no significant relationship between obesity and the involvement of axillary lymph nodes (P = 0.404 (chi square test)). The median tumor size of 2.95 cm in obese patients and 2,73 cm in non-obese patients. From 26 obese patients, 25 of them had a high grading histopathology. From 26 non-obese patients, 14 of them had involvement of axillary lymph nodes.Conclusion: Breast cancer patients who are obese are not related to the larger tumor size , involvement of axillary lymph nodes and a high grading of histopathology. However, there is a tendency that breast cancer patients who are obese had larger tumor size and high grading of histopathology. Where as the involvement of axillary lymph nodes are more likely in non-obese patients., Objective: Determine the relationship of obesity with tumor size proportion, axillary lymph node involvement and histopathological grading in breast cancer patients stage I-IIIA in Cipto Mangunkusomo hospital and to help improvement the quality of management by clinician.Methods: Analysis using secondary data of breast cancer patient stage I-IIIA. Obesity grouped if body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2 and non obese < 25 kg/m2. The results of tumor size are grouped into 0-2 cm, 2-5 cm and > 5 cm based on the AJCC TNM staging system. Tumor size obtained through breast ultrasound imaging from PACS system. Axillary lymph node involvement and histopathological grading obtained from the anatomical pathology expertise.Results: The study subjects are 52 patients with stage I-IIIA breast cancer in 2012-2014 in Cipto Mangunkusumo consisted of 26 obese and 26 non-obese patients. There is no significant relationship between tumor size based on staging with obesity (P = 0.795 (chi square test)). There was no significant relationship between obesity and grading histopathology (P = 0.610, (absolute test fisher)). There was no significant relationship between obesity and the involvement of axillary lymph nodes (P = 0.404 (chi square test)). The median tumor size of 2.95 cm in obese patients and 2,73 cm in non-obese patients. From 26 obese patients, 25 of them had a high grading histopathology. From 26 non-obese patients, 14 of them had involvement of axillary lymph nodes.Conclusion: Breast cancer patients who are obese are not related to the larger tumor size , involvement of axillary lymph nodes and a high grading of histopathology. However, there is a tendency that breast cancer patients who are obese had larger tumor size and high grading of histopathology. Where as the involvement of axillary lymph nodes are more likely in non-obese patients.]"