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"The antimicrobial effects of rhizophora apiculata pyroligneous acid on pathogenic microorganisms were evaluated. Pyroligneous acid (PA) and concentrated pyroligneous acid (CPA) showed parious levels of antimocrobial activity against 14 speciest of microorganisms (10 species of bacteria, 2 species of yeasts and 2 species of fungi) with bacteria, as the most suscaptible miicroorganisms. The bio-active component(s) of PA was isolated using dichloromethane as the extraction solvent (resulted in DCM A) and also an acid - base treatment to DCM A (resulted in DCM B) which was believed to contain all the valuable phenolic compounds in PA . Antimicrobial screening on DCM A and DCM B showed significant activity againts all the microorganisms tested. DCM B was further subjected to MIC/MLC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Lethal Concentration) and SEM studies. The results showed that bacteria were the most susceptible againts DCM B with MIC/MLC value of 1.6-3. 1/3. 1-6.3 mg ml, while yeasts and fungi shared the same MIC/MLC value of 3.1/6.3 mg ml. The SEM study revealed that in addition of inhibiting the growth of the microorganisms, DCM B also caused severe morphological alterations on the cells of the microorganisms in which it was suggested that cell lysis and death had taken place."

"Di daerah Ogan Komering Ilir, Sumatera Selatan terdapat lahan gambut yang luas yang dimanfaatkan sebagai tempat pemukimam warga. Permasalahannya tanah gambut memiliki daya dukung yang kecil apabila terdapat beban diatasnya. Stabilisasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah penambahan mikroorganisme selulolitik potensial yang berasal dari tanah gambut. Metode pencampuran yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode injeksi. Waktu fermentasi setelah injeksi dilakukan ialah 30 hari dan 45 hari. Dengan penambahan mikroorganisme maka proses dekomposisi pada tanah gambut dipercepat sehingga merubah properti tanah gambut dan kerapatan kering. Perubahan yang didapatkan pada properti tanah dan kerapatan kering tidak berubah secara signifikan.

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In Ogan Komering Ilir region, South Sumatra peat lands used as people dwelling place are wide-spread. The problem is that peat has small bearing capacity while being loaded. Stabilization used in this research is by adding potential cellulytic microorganisms from the peatsoil. The mixing method used in this research is injection method. Fermentation time after doing injection is 30 and 45 days. By adding the microorganisms, then the decomposition process is being quicker so that it change the properties and the dry density of peatsoil. The change obtained on the soil properties and the dry density is not significantly changed."

"Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) merupakan tanaman yang umum dikonsumsi masyarakat Indonesia. Pemenuhan pemanfaatan mentimun tersebut perlu didukung dengan pertumbuhan tanaman mentimun yang baik, khususnya pada lahan terbatas. Pertumbuhan tanaman mentimun pada lahan terbatas dapat ditingkatkan dengan pemberian Effective Microorganisms (EM4) pada polybag pada saat penanaman tanaman. Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis EM4 yang terbaik bagi pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman mentimun. Percobaan terdiri dari kontrol dan tiga perlakuan dengan enam ulangan, yakni pemberian EM4 dengan dosis sebanyak 20 mL, 40 mL, dan 60 mL per polybag. Pemberian EM4 dilakukan dengan cara dikocor setiap delapan hari sekali ke media tanam dalam polybag yang mengandung pupuk kandang dan NPK. Pemberian EM4 menghasilkan peningkatan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman mentimun, yakni tinggi tanaman, waktu munculnya bunga, jumlah bunga, jumlah bunga yang membentuk buah, serta kadar klorofil daun. Dosis EM4 sebanyak 40 mL memberikan hasil yang terbaik. Hasil pemberian EM4 tersebut tidak terlepas dari pengaruh parameter lingkungan, yakni suhu dan kelembapan udara, curah hujan serta pH tanah. Perlu adanya pengkajian lebih lanjut mengenai kandungan hasil panen mentimun dengan pemberian EM4 dosis 40 mL.

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Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a nutritious and flavored plant that is widely consumed in Indonesia. Cucumber utilization must be supported by good cucumber plant growth, especially on restricted land. Cucumber plant growth on restricted land can be accelerated by adding Effective Microorganisms (EM4) to polybags during the planting. A study has been conducted to discover the best dose of EM4 for cucumber plant growth and productivity. The experiment consisted of control and three treatments with six replications, including the administration of EM4 in doses of 20 mL, 40 mL, and 60 mL per polybag. EM4 is applied by pouring it into the planting media in polybags containing manure and NPK every eight days. Giving EM4 resulted in enhanced cucumber plant growth and productivity, namely plant height, time of flower emergence, number of flowers, number of flowers that become fruit, and leaf chlorophyll content. The best results are obtained with a 40 mL EM4 dosage. The effects of environmental elements, such as air temperature and humidity, rainfall, and soil pH, are inseparable from the results of providing EM4. Further research into the content of cucumber yields produced by administering EM4 at a dose of 40 mL is required."