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"This Volume 5 of the successful book package "Multiphase flow dynamics" is devoted to nuclear thermal hydraulics which is a substantial part of nuclear reactor safety. It provides knowledge and mathematical tools for adequate description of the process of transferring the fission heat released in materials due to nuclear reactions into its environment. It step by step introduces into the heat release inside the fuel, temperature fields in the fuels, the "simple" boiling flow in a pipe described using ideas of different complexity like equilibrium, non equilibrium, homogeneity, non homogeneity. Then the "simple" three-fluid boiling flow in a pipe is described by gradually involving the mechanisms like entrainment and deposition, dynamic fragmentation, collisions, coalescence, turbulence. All heat transfer mechanisms are introduced gradually discussing their uncertainty. Different techniques are introduced like boundary layer treatments or integral methods. Comparisons with experimental data at each step demonstrate the success of the different ideas and models. After an introduction of the design of the reactor pressure vessels for pressurized and boiling water reactors the accuracy of the modern methods is demonstrated using large number of experimental data sets for steady and transient flows in heated bundles. Starting with single pipe boiling going through boiling in the rod bundles the analysis of complete vessel including the reactor is finally demonstrated. Then a powerful method for nonlinear stability analysis of flow boiling and condensation is introduced. Models are presented and their accuracies are investigated for describing critical multiphase flow at different level of complexity. Therefore the book presents a complete coverage of the modern nuclear thermal hydrodynamics."

"Aliran tak berotasi dapat disimulasikan dengan cara mengalirkan suatu fluida cair ke dalam suatu celah, yang memiliki jarak yang yang seragam diantaranya. Untuk itulah dibangun sebuah alat untuk eksperimen tentang aliran tak berotasi yang bernama Hele-Shaw Cell. Alat tersebut selain sangat sederhana, biasanya terbuat dari dua plat kaca yang dipasang pada rangka dan diantaranya terdapat celah, juga sangat berguna untuk mengamati sejumlah permasalahan pokok pada Mekanika Fluida. Pada eksperimen kali ini, penulis ingin membuktikan kebenaran dari teori yang dikembangkan oleh Saffan dan Taylor dalam bukunya ?The Penetration of a Fluid Into a Porous Medium of Hele-Shaw Cell containing a More Viscoud Flow?. Selain itu penulis ingin memperlihatkan pengaruh dan hubungan antara salah salah satu variabel pada properti fluida, yaitu viskositas, dengan karakteristik aliran yang terjadi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara pengamatan aliran beberapa jenis fluida yang memiliki nilai viskositas berbeda, pada alat Hele-Shaw Cell dan dengan bantuan Video Recorder. Lalu hasil visualisasi tersebut diolah berdasarkan teori diatas menjadi nilai-nilai yang dapat diplot kedalam suatu grafik untuk tiap-tiap jenis fluida. Lalu seluruh grafik dibandingkan satu sama lain sehingga terlihat pengaruh viskositas pada karakteristik aliran fluida. Fluida yang memiliki viskositas lebih besar maka fluida tersebut akan mempunyai gradien karakteristik aliran yang lebih besar juga.

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Irrotational flow can be simulated by forcing a viscous fluid into between two flat plates that have a small uniform distance between them. For that, a appliance for experiment concerning Irrotational flow was built and called Hele-Shaw Cell. The appliance besides is very simple, usually made out of two glass plate mounted in a frame so that a small, uniform gap exists between them, also hardly good for observing a number of basic problems in Fluid Dynamics. At this experiment, writer wish to prove truth from theory developed by Saffan and Taylor in the book ""The Penetration of a Fluid into a Porous Medium of Hele-Shaw Cell containing a More Viscoud Flow"". Besides writer wish to show influence and relation between one of variable at fluid property, that is viscosity, with stream characteristic that happened. Research done by the way of observation of stream some fluids types having viscosities value differ, at appliance Hele-Shaw Cell and using Video Recorder. Then the visualized result processed based on theory to becoming a available values for plotted by into chart for every fluid type. Then all compared was graphic one another so that viscosity influence seen at fluid flow characteristic. Fluid having bigger viscosity will have larger ones stream characteristic gradient also."

"This Handbook provides readers with the current cutting edge of multiphase flow technology. It reviews the rapid development of multiphase flow technology, demonstrates the latest development of the technology, and showcase the very latest applications. It provides readers with comprehensive updated reference information covering theory, modelling and numerical methods, design and measurement, and new applications in multiphase flow systems.The Handbook consists of three parts or volumes:1. Theory: describes the fundamentals including the concepts and definitions of multiphase flows. Classifications of multiphase flows. Basic understanding of different length scales involved – micro/nano, meso and macro. Treatment of such flows by different solution frameworks.2. Modelling and Measurement: covers both classical and state-of the-art measurement and modelling approaches to resolve different classifications of multiphase flows.3. Applications: highlights the very latest applications of measurement and modelling approaches in tackling different classification of multiphase flows in a variety of natural, biological and industrial systems and different length scales."