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"The first study uses tunable vacuum-ultraviolet radiation from a synchrotron to identify negative ions from twenty four photoexcited polyatomic molecules in the gas phase. From these experiments, Matthew collects a vast amount of data and summarises and reviews ion-pair formation from polyatomic molecules. The second study is on selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry. Matthew investigates the reactions of cations and anions with ethene, monofluoroethene, 1,1-difluoroethene and tetrafluoroethene. In this study Matthew tries to explain why certain products are formed preferentially over other products at a microscopic level of understanding. "

"Meski memainkan peran penting dalam serial televisi kriminal seperti Tatort, tindak tutur tuduhan dalam serial televisikriminal masih harus dipelajari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengklasifikasikan tindak tuturtuduhan dan reaksinya dalam sebuah tayangan kriminal. Korpus data yang dipilih adalah tiga episode terakhir Tatort Jerman, Austria, Swiss yang tayang sebelum Agustus 2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dan deskriptif kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui observasi dan pencatatan. Penulis menggunakan model argumentasi Toulmin (2003) untuk mengklasifikasikan tuduhan, yang terdiri dari tiga elemen: klaim, data, dan jaminan. Teori Ernst (2002) digunakan untuk mengklasifikasikan reaksi terhadap tuduhan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa klaim tuduhan hadir dalam bentuk pernyataan dan pertanyaan yang mengandung ilokusi menuduh, baik yang diungkapkan secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, didukung oleh data dan jaminan. Oleh karena itu, dengan menggunakan teori Leech, ilokusi tuduhan dapat dikategorikan representatif. Selain itu, hanya duateori reaksi Ernst terhadap tuduhan yang muncul di episode-episode Tatort: menolak dan tidak memberikan reaksi.Selain kedua jenis reaksi tersebut, ditemukan juga reaksi yang tidak ada di dalam teori Ernst, yaitu kontra-tuduhan.

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Despite playing a vital role in crime shows such as Tatort, the speech act of accusation in crime shows is yet to be studied. This study aims to identify and classify speech acts of accusations and the reactions to accusations in a crime

show. The data corpus selected were the latest three episodes of Tatort Germany, Austria, Switzerland, which were broadcast before August 2020. The research methods used are quantitative and descriptive qualitative methods. The

data were obtained through observation and taking notes. The researcher uses Toulmin's (2003) model of argumentation to code the accusation units, consisting of 3 elements: claim, data, and warrant. Ernst's (2002) theory was used to classify the reactions to accusations. The results show that the accusative claims are present in the form of statements and questions that contain accusative illocution, expressed directly and indirectly, supported by data and warranty. Because of this, using Leech's theory, the illocutionary act of accusation can be categorized asrepresentative. In addition, only two of Ernst's theory of reactions to accusations appeared in the Tatort episodes: denying and not responding. Apart from these two types of reactions, there was also a reaction not found in Ernst's theory, counter-accusation."

"Pemulihan logam menjadi sangat penting dalam proses pembuatan besi dan baja dikarenakan tingginya harga bahan baku. Slag memiliki potensi yang tinggi sebagai bahan sekunder, di mana slag diproses menjadi briket sebagai agregat dan dipanaskan dalam tungku pemanas. Temperatur yang dipilih untuk eksperimen ini adalah 1400 ⁰C, 1500 ⁰C, dan 1600 ⁰C dengan durasi 15, 30, 45, 60, dan 120 menit. Observasi terhadap reduksi kinetik menunjukkan bahwa massa logam yang telah direduksi akan bertambah seiring dengan peningkatan temperatur dan waktu, di mana gradien menjadi datar pada titik tertentu. Laju reduksi juga mengalami peningkatan. Slag yang melewati proses pemisahan secara magnetik memiliki massa reduksi lebih tinggi daripada sampel yang tidak dipisahkan secara magnetik. Slag berbulir halus memiliki massa reduksi dan laju reaksi yang lebih besar dibanding slag berbulir kasar.

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Recovering metals is becoming vital in steelmaking due to higher price of the raw materials. Realizing its high potential as the secondary raw materials, the steel slag is being recycled by forming it into briquettes as agreggates and heated inside a resistance heated chamber furnace by means of carbothermic reduction. The selected temperatures in the experiments carried out in this thesis are 1400 ⁰C, 1500 ⁰C, and 1600 ⁰C with duration for 15, 30, 45, 60, and 120 minutes. The analysis done by using optical microscope and scannning electron microscope show that the steel slag is able to be recycled with distinctions on the reaction, morphology, and the amount of recovered metals. The observation of reduction kinetics show that the amount of reduction is increased along with the temperature and time, although flattening at some point. The velocity of the reduction is also developed. Slag samples with applied magnetic separation process have higher weight reduction value and reaction rates, while being compared with coarse-grained and fine-grained samples with no magnetic separation process. Fine-grained slags have higher weight reduction value and reaction rates than coarse-grained slags."