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"Metabolomics for Biomedical Research brings together recent progress on study design, analytics, biostatistics and bioinformatics for the success of metabolomics research. Metabolomics represents a very interdisciplinary research prominent in the functional analyses of living systems; hence, this book focuses on translation and medical aspects. The book discusses topics such as biomarkers and their requirements to be used in medical research, with the parameters and approaches on how to validate their quality; and animal models and other approaches, as stem cells and organoid culture. Additionally, it explains how metabolomics may be applied in prediction of individual response to drug or disease progression.This book is a valuable source for researchers on systems biology and other members of biomedical field interested in metabolism-oriented studies for medical research."

"Hakim A. 2010. The diversity of secondary metabolites from Genus Artocarpus (Moraceae). Nusantara Bioscience 2:146-156.Several species of the Artocarpus genus (Moraceae) have been investigated their natural product. The secondary metabolitessuccessfully being isolatad from Artocarpus genus consist of terpenoid, flavonoids, stilbenoid, arylbenzofuran, neolignan, and adductDiels-Alder. Flavonoid group represent the compound which is the most found from Artocarpus plant. The flavonoids compound whichare successfully isolated from Artocarpus plant consist of the varied frameworks like chalcone, flavanone, flavan-3-ol, simple flavone,prenylflavone, oxepinoflavone, pyranoflavone, dihydrobenzoxanthone, furanodihydrobenzoxanthone, pyranodihydrobenzoxanthone,quinonoxanthone, cyclopentenoxanthone, xanthonolide, dihydroxanthone."

"Tuberkulosis merupakan penyakit kuno yang telah berevolusi bersama manusia sejak ratusan tahun lalu dan jutaan orang di seluruh dunia hingga saat ini masih menderita akibat penyakit ini. Resistansi terhadap beberapa agen terapeutik merupakan masalah yang signifikan. Hal ini mendesak peneliti untuk menemukan obat antitubercular lain untuk menekan penyebaran. Polyketide Synthase 13 (Pks 13) merupakan enzim yang berperan dalam proses pembentukan asam mikolat penyusun dinding sel Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (Mtb) yang memiliki peran penting dalam kelangsungan hidup dan virulensi Mtb. Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan obat antituberkular baru yang dapat digunakan sebagai inhibitor dari Pks 13. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan modifikasi terhadap senyawa turunan oxazole menggunakan metode scaffold replacement untuk menghasilkan ligan yang berpotensi menjadi kandidat inhibitor Pks13. Pemilihan senyawa turunan Oxazole mengacu pada kemampuannya sebagai antibakteri. Metode Scaffold Replacement dilakukan menggunakan software Molecular Operating Simulator (MOE). Senyawa turunan oxazole yang akan dimodifikasi, dilakukan penapisan terlebih dahulu dengan perangkat lunak OSIRIS Data Warior dan dilakukan simulasi penambatan molekul dengan protein target enzim Pks 13, yang diperoleh dari Protein Data Bank (PDB). Simulasi ini menghasilkan 6 ligan terbaik dengan nilai energi bebas Gibbs terendah terhadap Pks 13. Ligan terpilih diprediksi sifat farmakologinya secara komputasi dan menghasilkan dua ligan OXMCTR13431 dan OXMCTR13432 yang memiliki karakter absorpsi, distribusi, metabolisme, eksresi, dan toksisitas yang sesuai.

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Tuberculosis is an old disease that originated alongside humans hundreds of years ago, and millions worldwide are still affected by it today. Resistance to several therapeutic agents is a significant problem. This spurred researchers to seek other antitubercular medications to combat the spread of the disease. Polyketide Synthase 13 (Pks 13) is an enzyme that facilitates the formation of mycolic acid, which forms the cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and is essential for Mtb survival and virulence. This research aims to identify novel antitubercular medicines that can be employed as Pks13 inhibitors. In this work, oxazole compounds were modified through the scaffold replacement approach to develop ligands with the potential to be Pks 13 inhibitor candidates. The selection of Oxazole derivatives is based on their antibacterial properties. Molecular Operating Simulator (MOE) program was used to perform the Scaffold Replacement method. Before modifying the oxazole derivatives, it must be screened using the OSIRIS Data Warrior program and simulated molecular docking with the Pks 13 enzyme's target protein, obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). This simulation generated the top six ligands for Pks 13 with the lowest Gibbs free energy values. The chosen ligands were computationally predicted for their pharmacological properties, identified two ligands, OXMCTR13431 and OXMCTR13432, with the necessary absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity characteristics."