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"Conventional monetary models focus on interest rates and omit monetary aggregates from policy discussions. This paper examines whether augmenting the measure of monetary policy with monetary aggregates helps determine more robust links between policy and economic fluctuations. After constructing the Divisia money index for the UK, I employ structural vector autoregression to identify two different UK monetary policy regimes. Inclusion of this (correct) measure of money and disentangling the money supply from demand resolve the price and liquidity puzzles. The results point to the informational content embedded in monetary aggregates, suggesting they should be taken into account in evaluations of monetary policy."

"This paper provides evidence on the reactions of an emerging financial market to monetary policy announcements. We employ an instrumental variable estimation approach based on the "identification through heteroscedasticity" technique to estimate the impact of a change in the official interest rate and its surprise component on asset prices in Indonesia. The new methodology controls for possible feedback relationships between financial variables and official interest rate changes. Data study objects that I used in this thesis are samples of the stock price indexes of JSX, foreign exchanges and SBI rates. Data samples are daily rctums from JSX database and Bloomberg, respectively. Study period covers from August 03, 1998 to January 02, 2004, a total one thousand and fifteen (1415) observations based on trading dates. In our analysis, official interest rates have a smaller significant impact on stock market movements, driving them in the same direction as the change in stock prices. The results suggest that daily interest rates have a smaller significant impact on stock market movements within the period after the Bank Indonesia Act |999 to year 2004, driving them in the same direction as the change in stock prices. On the other hand before Bank Indonesia Act I999, I observe an influence of official interest MIC changes on short-term stock indices."

"Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memperluas cakupan penelitian dan menetapkan hubungan antara transisi demografi dan efektivitas kebijakan moneter dengan membuat model teoretis sederhana dan melakukan studi empiris terhadap data tingkat provinsi di Indonesia dari tahun 2007 hingga 2013. Model teoretis menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas kebijakan moneter, diukur dengan elastisitas dari respons pasar kredit konsumen terhadap perubahan suku bunga, terhadap tingkat usia median mengikuti kurva U. Terdapat indikasi bahwa data empiris mengikuti hipotesis, dengan hasil uji statistik yang signifikan. Namun demikian, diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut menggunakan data dari perekonomian lainnya dengan periode yang lebih panjang untuk menegaskan hubungan antar variabel dalam penelitian ini.

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This paper aims to extend the research and establish general relationship between demographic transition and effectiveness of monetary policy by constructing simple theoretical model and conducting empirical study on Indonesian provincial data between 2007 and 2013. The constructed theoretical model shows that monetary policy effectiveness, measured by interest rate elasticity of consumer credit, follows U-shape curve with respect to median age level. There are indications that empirical data statistically confirms the hypothesis. However, further researches in other economies with longer panel data are needed to strongly confirm this relationship."