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"Penelitian tugas akhir ini menganalisis persiapan dan upaya KM (Koninklijke Marine) di Hindia Belanda dalam menghadapi potensi ancaman invasi militer Jepang dari tahun 1940-1942. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan penjelasan mengenai persiapan dan upaya yang dimiliki KM dalam upaya membendung agresi militer Jepang di Hindia Belanda yang selama ini belum banyak dibahas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sejarah dengan berupaya untuk menemukan sumber-sumber primer berupa buku yang memuat laporan dan keterangan mengenai perjalanan Koninklijke Marine selama Perang Dunia II. Diantaranya seperti yang ditulis oleh C.E.L. Helfrich dan H.V. Quispel sebagai komandan dan perwira militer Koninklijke Marine. Selain itu sumber-sumber sekunder diantaranya seperti hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh H.T. Lenton, Bussemaker dan Masanori Ito. Sumber-sumber tersebut kemudian melalui proses kritik internal dan eksternal selanjutnya diinterpretasi dengan tahapan analisis dan sintesis. Tahap akhir adalah historiografi untuk menghasilkan tulisan yang objektif. Pembahasan penelitian ini dimulai dengan kajian terhadap kekuatan dan pengorganisasian kapal-kapal KM di Hindia Belanda. Selanjutnya usaha-usaha yang dilakukan oleh KM untuk memperkuat pertahanan dan keamanan laut di Hindia Belanda. Pembahasan ditutup dengan analisis peran KM selama tiga bulan pertempuran laut mempertahankan Hindia Belanda, yang berakhir dengan kapitulasi di Kalijati Maret 1942. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Belanda tidak hanya kalah secara jumlah kekuatan laut yang dimiliki, tetapi juga memiliki banyak permasalahan internal, strategis dan taktis yang membuatnya tidak mampu menahan agresi pasukan Jepang.

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This final project research analyzes the power and role of KM (Koninklijke Marine) in the Dutch East Indies in facing the potential threat of Japanese military invasion from 1940-1942. The goal to be achieved from this research is to provide an explanation of the strengths and roles that KM has in efforts to stem Japanese military aggression in the Dutch East Indies which so far has not been widely discussed. The method used in this research is the historical method by trying to find primary sources in the form of books that contain reports and information about the journey of the Koninklijke Marine during World War II. Among them, as written by C.E.L. Helfrich and H.V. Quispel as the commander and military officer of the Koninklijke Marine. Besides that, secondary sources include the results of research conducted by H.T. Lenton, Busseker and Masanori Ito. These sources then go through a process of internal and external criticism and are then interpreted with the stages of analysis and synthesis. The final stage is historiography to produce objective writing. The discussion of this research begins with a study of the strength and organization of KM ships in the Dutch East Indies. Furthermore, the efforts made by KM to strengthen maritime defense and security in the Dutch East Indies. The discussion closes with an analysis of the role of the KM during the three months of sea battles to defend the Dutch East Indies, which ended with the capitulation at Kalijati in March 1942. The results of this study found that the Netherlands not only lost in terms of the number of sea power it possessed, but also had many internal, strategic and tactics that made him unable to withstand the aggression of Japanese troops."

"Invasion Dynamics depicts how non-native species spread and perform in their novel ranges and how recipient socio-ecological systems are reshaped and how they respond to the new incursions. It collects evidence for grouping patterns of spread into four types and three associated phenomena, discusses candidate explanations for each pattern, and introduces analytic tools for capturing and forecasting invasion dynamics. Special attention is given to the potential mechanisms of boosted range expansion and nonequilibrium demographic dynamics during invasion. The diverse mechanisms that drive direct and mediated biotic interactions between invaders and resident species are elucidated, and triggers of potential regime shifts in recipient ecosystems are identified. It further explores the ways in which local and regional species assemblages are reshuffled and reorganized. Efficient management of invasions requires not only insights on invasion dynamics across scales but also objective assessment of ecological and economic impacts, as well as sound protocols for prioritizing and optimizing management effort. Biological invasions, therefore, involve more than the actions of invaders and reactions of invaded ecosystems; they represent a co-evolving complex adaptive system with emergent features of network complexity and invasibility. Invasions are thus a formidable force that acts in concert with other facets of global change to initiate the adaptive wheel of panarchy and shape the altered biosphere in the Anthropocene."

"Kelompok etnis minoritas Chinese Indonesian memiliki kontribusi ekonomi yang signifikan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini melihat dimensi risiko spesifiknya toleransi risiko keuangan dan pengaruh dari variabel financial literacy, financial threat, dan faktor demografis dan sosioekonomi. Penelitian menggunakan metode non-probability sampling. Penelitian ini menganalisis 401 responden dengan rentang generasi X, Y, dan Z yang merupakan bagian dari kelompok Chinese Indonesian. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah survei online dan data yang dan diolah dengan teknik Multiple Linear Regression. Hasil dari olahan data menunjukkan bahwa financial literacy, financial threat, gender, tingkat pendidikan, dan kelompok ekonomi signfikan memengaruhi toleransi risiko keuangan. Namun, status perkawinan, kelompok generasi, dan status pekerjaan, tidak signifikan terhadap toleransi risiko. Level toleransi risiko keuangan di kelompok etnis Chinese Indonesian tergolong moderat.

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The Chinese Indonesian ethnic minority group has a significant economic contribution in Indonesia. This research looks at risk dimensions specifically financial risk tolerance and the influence of financial literacy, financial threat, and demographic and socioeconomic factors. The research uses a non-probability sampling method. This research analyzed 401 respondents ranging from generations X, Y and Z who were part of the Chinese Indonesian group. The data collection method used was an online survey and the data was processed using the Multiple Linear Regression technique. The results of the processed data show that financial literacy, financial threat, gender, education level and economic group significantly influence financial risk tolerance. However, marital status, generational group, and employment status were not significant for risk tolerance. The level of financial risk tolerance in the Chinese Indonesian ethnic group is classified as moderate."