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"Conventional monetary models focus on interest rates and omit monetary aggregates from policy discussions. This paper examines whether augmenting the measure of monetary policy with monetary aggregates helps determine more robust links between policy and economic fluctuations. After constructing the Divisia money index for the UK, I employ structural vector autoregression to identify two different UK monetary policy regimes. Inclusion of this (correct) measure of money and disentangling the money supply from demand resolve the price and liquidity puzzles. The results point to the informational content embedded in monetary aggregates, suggesting they should be taken into account in evaluations of monetary policy."

"Every organization today needs a mission statement as the saying goes. Many consider mission statement s as to be important to bunsine success...."

"Pertumbuhan modal untuk mendanai operasional keseharian dan ekspansi jangka panjang adalah elemen konstan di dunia usaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat optimal struktur modal yang dapat di adopsi perusahaan untuk memperbaiki kinerja keuangan mereka mengingat dinamika industri dan keadaan ekonomi suatu negara. Dengan menggunakan uji spesifikasi Hausman, data tahunan untuk index saham yang tercatat pada tahun 2005-2014 dari Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) 100 telah dikumpulkan untuk menganalisis pengaruh leverage keuangan terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Return to asset, return on equiy dan TOBIN's Q adalah proxy kinerja keuangan yang dianalisis terhadap leverage keuangan untuk perusahaan indeks KSE 100 yang terdaftar. Temuan makalah menunjukkan bahwa struktur modal, leverage,interest cover dan pertumbuhan penjualan sebagai variabel paling signifikan yang mempengaruhi profitabilitas perusahaan."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesadaran pegawai tentang sistemwhistleblowing, kode etik serta nilai-nilai yang dianut Direktorat Jenderal Pajak (DJP),penilaian pegawai terhadap sistem perlindungan terhadap pelapor dan keluarganya dantindak lanjut pelaporan tersebut, bentuk penghargaan yang dipilih pelapor sertapendapat pegawai DJP atas keberadaan sistem whistleblowing yang diterapkan di DJP diIndonesia. Penelitian ini melibatkan responden yang merupakan pegawai DJP, yangbekerja di Kantor Wilayah, dan Kantor Pelayanan Pajak.Data yang diperoleh melalui kuesioner dianalisa dan dibarengi dengan penelitiankepustakaan dengan metode kualitatif. Penelitian kepustakaan berupa penelaahanliteratur sebagai dasar pembuatan data kuesioner, penarikan kesimpulan sertapenelitian lebih lanjut tentang sistem pelaporan pelanggaran di DJP. Penelitian inimenyimpulkan bahwa responden memiliki kesadaran yang tinggi terhadap sistemwhistleblowing. Eksistensi dari sistem whistleblowing di DJP ini dipandang olehresponden akan memberikan efek yang positif di masa yang akan datang, namundemikian perlunya pemahaman yang lebih lanjut bahwa dasar penilaian perilakupegawai adalah kode etik dan nilai-nilai kementerian keuangan serta rendahnyakeyakinan responden terhadap perlindungan untuk pelapor dalam sistem whistleblowing di DJP. Terhadap hal tersebut, beberapa temuan dari studi ini dibahas dibagian akhir penelitian ini."

"Understanding how leaders make foreign policy and national security decisions is of paramount importance for both the policy community and academia. It is our assertion that decisions in these domains can be explained best by tracing the cognitive process leaders go through in formulating and arriving at their decisions, using the applied decision analysis (ADA) method."

"Using the "Market test" methodology, we examine the employer discrimination theory. We use a set of data on Japanese listed firms which has detailed employee information..."

"Dalam studi ini, efisiensi teknis dari industri garmen di DKI Jakarta diperkirakan dengan mengakomodasi terjadinyaefek ketidakefisienan teknis dalam suatu model stochastic frontier fungsi produksi. Tujuannya adalah untukmemperkirakan efisiensi teknis dari perusahaan sekaligus menjelaskan sumber-sumber penyebab ketidakefisienandalam konteks kebijakan ekonomi makro di Indonesia. Hasil empiris menampilkan beberapa gambaran yang menarikdari kinerja ekonomi perusahaan garmen dalam kaitan dengan karakteristik spesifik yang diperkirakanmempengaruhinya. Dalam penelitian ini terbukti fungsi produksi Cobb-Douglas tidak representatif dalam menjelaskankasus efisiensi teknis di DKI Jakarta, tetapi sumber-sumber ketidakefisienan dan adanya perubahan teknis dapatdibuktikan.In this paper, the technical efficiency of garment firms in DKI Jakarta is estimated by incorporating a model for thetechnical inefficiency effects in the stochastic frontier production function. The aims are to estimate both the technicalefficiency of the firms and the sources of technical inefficiency within the context of Indonesia?s macro-economicpolicy. The empirical results point a number of noteworthy features of the economic performance of firms in relationwith some specific characteristics. It is found in the study that the Cobb douglas functional form was not adequate, butthe sources of technical inefficiency were found and technical change was present."

"This study aims to examine the preference of investors of pharmaceutical companies, including companies that produce herbal medicines, listed in the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2020 to 2021. By using the descriptive analysis method and reviewing the daily stock prices of Indofarma (INAF), Kimia Farma (KAEF), Kalbe Farma (KLBF), and Sido Muncul (SIDO) in that period, it was found that there were unusual stock prices increases for state-owned pharmaceutical enterprises during those times. However, a similar occurrence did not occur with the other listed pharmaceutical companies, including one herbal medicine manufacturer. In comparing stock price movement trends, the researcher used Microsoft Excel software. The researcher also reviewed the monthly stock closing prices and the news published at that moment. It was found that related events and news existed for every significant increase in stock prices, which might influence investors' perceptions. In addition, the researcher also examined the data to test whether there was a correlation between the number of infected cases and stock prices using the ARCH model estimation. It was found that the relationship between both of them was insignificant. The researcher expects that the findings of this research not only will be a discussion topic in academic groups but also will be a reference for capital market investors and the government as the policyholders and controlling shareholders of these state-owned enterprises. Further studies on listed pharmaceutical companies in the capital markets of other countries are needed to complete the findings in this research, which may find different facts due to different policies in handling the COVID-19 pandemic."