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"Secara umum bank-bank di Asia mengalami pergeseran struktur pendanaan bank dari core liabilities ke non core liabilities karena aliran dana ke negara-negara di Asia pasca krisis keuangan global. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh dari non core liabilities tersebut terhadap kekuatan transmisi kebijakan moneter melalui jalur kredit di Indonesia. Menggunakan data level 95 bank secara bulanan selama periode 2010 hingga Desember 2019, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan suku bunga kebijakan moneter secara signifikan mendorong kenaikan pertumbuhan kredit bank, dan sebaliknya kenaikan suku bunga kebijakan moneter secara signifikan berdampak penurunan pertumbuhan kredit untuk semua bank, bank besar, bank kecil, bank asing dan bank domestik. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa posisi non core liabilities bank yang lebih tinggi mengurangi kekuatan transmisi kebijakan moneter jalur kredit untuk semua bank, bank kecil, bank besar, dan bank asing, namun tidak signfikan pada kelompok bank domestik. Implikasi dari temuan ini bank sentral dapat menggunakan instrumen makroprudensial yang mengarahkan posisi non core liabilities individu bank yang paling optimal dalam mengelola kekuatan pengaruh perubahan kebijakan suku bunga moneter terhadap pertumbuhan kredit bank. Terutama dengan berbagai inovasi keuangan dan perkembangan aktivitas usaha bank ke depan yang berpotensi meningkatkan akses bank terhadap sumber dana selain dana pihak ketiga.

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After the financial global crisis, banks in Asia experienced a shift in their funding structure from core liabilities to non-core liabilities due to the flow of funds to countries in Asia. This study examines the impact of non-core liabilities on the strength of bank lending channels in Indonesia. Using monthly data at the level of 95 banks during the period 2010 to December 2019, the results show that a loosening of monetary policy significantly encourages an increase in bank loan growth, and a tightening of monetary policy significantly reduces loan growth for all banks, large banks, small banks, foreign banks, and domestic banks. This study found that a higher non-core bank liabilities position significantly reduced the strength of bank lending channel for all banks, small banks, large banks, and foreign banks, but not significant for the domestic bank group. This finding implies that the central bank can use macroprudential instruments that affect the optimal level of non-core liabilities of individual banks in managing the strength of monetary policy rates impact on bank loan growth. Especially with various future financial innovations and the development of bank business activities that have the potential to increase bank access to sources of funds other than third-party funds."

"Transmisi kebijakan moneter dapat dilakukan melalui beberapa saluran, dimana salah satunya adalah melalui saluran suku bunga. Studi ini, mengukur besaran perubahan suku bunga perbankan terhadap perubahan suku bunga acuan, dengan melihat momentum interest rate pass through dengan pengukuran menggunakan metode Error ndash; correction model. Tingkat suku bunga deposito tenor 6 bulan pada jangka panjang memiliki pass through tidak sempurna dengan nilai koefisien 0.48 , dan deposito 24 bulan pada jangka panjang memiliki pass through terlebihi dengan nilai koefisien 1.80. Sedangkan, tingkat suku bunga kredit modal kerja dan investasi memiliki besaran pass through tidak sempurna dengan masing ndash; masing nilai koefisien sebesar 0.69 dan 0.23.

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Transmission of monetary policy have several channels, and one of them is through interest rate channel. This study, attempt to measure the change of bank rsquo s interest rate toward the change in central bank rsquo s policy rate, by seeing the momentum of interest rate pass through using error ndash correction model. Deposit rate with 6 months period exhibit long run incomplete pass through with a coefficient of 0.48, and deposit with 24 months period exhibit long run overcomplete pass through with a coefficient of 1.80. As for working capital and investment loan, have incomplete pass through with each coefficient respective of 0.69 and 0.23."

"ABSTRACTOver the last decade, increasing attention has been paid to the effect of monetary policy on the path of economic activities, and it is now generally recognized as a powerful tool in stabilizing the economy. Traditionally, the theory of monetary policy is formulated in terms of the adjustments of the policy instruments in order to achieve the desired values for the ultimate objectives such as the rate of output growth, the inflation rate and the balance of payment objectives. In contrast, to this "one stage procedure" of monetary policy, in the 1960s the new theory of monetary policy which is called "the two stage procedure of monetary policy" introduced the concept of intermediate targets which lie in-between the instruments directly controlled by the monetary authorities and the ultimate objectives of the policy. The efficiency of the monetary policy in a two-stage procedure depends upon the close relationships between the policy instruments and the intermediate target, and also between the intermediate targets and the ultimate policy objectives. In recent years, central bankers from some countries, in conducting monetary policy, have paid increasing attention to controlling monetary aggregates as a mean of achieving the desired values of its ultimate objectives. A resurgence of emphasis on money and its influence on the level of economic activity occurred in the decade of the sixties, which has also been supported by a great deal of empirical and theoretical researches. Foremost are the very extensive research findings by Milton Friedman and Anna Schwartz in their monumental work "A Monetary History of the United States 1867 - 1960" which concluded among others, "The changes in the behavior of the money stock have closely associated with changes in economic activity". On the same line of argument, Leonall C. Andersen and Yerry L. Yordan, in their research finding, came to the conclusion that the influences of changes in money stock have a strong, rapid and predictable effect on the rate of change of economic activity. Extending the Andersen-Yordan work over a longer period, Michel W. Keran found that monetary influence has dominated economic activity even in the period when financial and institutional factors were substantially different. These empirical results were derived from the economies of developed countries, especially United States."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh dari penurunan suku bunga terhadap kecenderungan penimbunan dana di bank sentral empat daerah yang menerapkan kebijakan moneter tingkat suku bunga negatif atau sangat rendah. Daerah yang menjadi objek penelitian adalah Amerika Serikat, Jepang, Swiss dan Area Euro. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah analisis hasil ekonometrika menggunakan model VAR dan VECM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan suku bunga tidak terbukti mempengaruhi penurunan penimbunan dana. Penerapan kebijakan yang belum menyeluruh menjadi salah satu alasan kebijakan ini belum efektif. Hal ini memungkinkan terjadinya perpindahan dana ke sektor keuangan lain yang memiliki bunga lebih tinggi sehingga target keluarnya dana ke sektor riil tidak tercapai. Fenomena tersebut dapat diprediksi dalam Islam sehingga pada sistem ekonomi Islam yang ideal kondisi ini dapat dihindari dengan pelarangan riba.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to examine the impact of decreasing interest rate to cash hoarding behavior in four central banks which adapted negative and ultra low interest rate monetary policy. Those are United States, Japan, Switzerland, and Eurozone Central Bank. Research conducted under econometric analysis using VECM and VAR model. Result shows that the decreasing interest rate statistically did not affect hoarding behavior. Half implemented policy is one of the indicated reason which makes it less effective. It still possible to transfer the money to another financial institutions who offers a higher interest rate, thus it hamper the real sector development as they had no additional money. In an ideal Islamic economic system, this phenomenon has been predicted beforehand as the system prohibit riba in advance."

"ABSTRAKPencapaian stabilitas nilai tukar dan peningkatan kondisi neraca perdagangan dapat dipengaruhi oleh monetary policy shock suatu negara dan transmisi kebijakan moneter negara tersebut. Penelitian untuk kasus Indonesia dengan periode 2000 sampai 2013 menggunakan metode Vector Error Correction Model, menemukan bahwa adanya shock bersifat kontraktif mengakibatkan nilai tukar terapresiasi dan menurunnya neraca perdagangan, begitu pun sebaliknya. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan transmisi kebijakan moneter melalui pendekatan harga lebih efektif dibandingkan melalui pendekatan kuantitas.

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ABSTRACTAchieving exchange rate stability and improvement of trade balance can be influenced by a shock on monetary policy and transmission mechanism of monetary policy. This study were conducted in Indonesia for period 2000 to 2013. By using Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), contractionary monetary policy shocks causes exchange rate of rupiah to appreciate and trade balance to worsen. During the period analysis, this study finds that transmission mechanism of monetary policy with price approach is more effectitve rather than quantity approach of monetary policy."