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"Stepping outside of the normal boundaries of HIV scholarship, Modernizing Sexuality shows how Western idealizations of normative sexuality and the power of modernity come together in U.S. prevention policy in ways that actually exacerbate HIV risk, particularly for women. The book begins with an overview of the historical, epidemiological, and theoretical underpinnings of U.S. HIV-prevention policy in sub-Saharan Africa and Malawi, as well as a review of U.S. global prevention efforts, beginning with the Reagan administration. The second chapter introduces the risk narratives conveyed in official U.S. policy, the HIV-prevention industry, and everyday discourse in Malawi. Chapter Three introduces the concept of love matches, the idealized blueprint for prevention conveyed in U.S. policy discourse. This rarely acknowledged prescriptive narrative offers examples of healthy, natural, and otherwise sanctioned sex. Chapter Four turns to everyday discourse among Malawians to explore collective solutions to the problem of AIDS and multiple paths for prevention. This exploration results in an everyday prescriptive narrative that offers a very different blueprint for HIV prevention than that offered by U.S. prevention policy. The fifth chapter discusses the most commonly acknowledged strategies in HIV-prevention policy (e.g., knowledge, skills, and economic development), as well as the unacknowledged strategies deployed through the HIV/AIDS administrative apparatus. The book closes with an alternative narrative that reimagines risk and provides one alternative path for organizing policy efforts."

"Jepang merupakan negara yang dikenal akan distribusi ODA yang terkonsentrasi di kawasan Asia. Akan tetapi, pada tahun 2003 hingga 2011, distribusi ODA Jepang ke Asia justru menurun. Sebaliknya, Sub-Sahara Afrika menjadi satu-satunya kawasan dengan distribusi ODA Jepang yang meningkat. Situasi ini menunjukkan pergeseran fokus distribusi ODA Jepang ke Sub-Sahara Afrika. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor di balik pergeseran tersebut dengan menggunakan kerangka analisis kebijakan luar negeri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat keterkaitan antara faktor domestik (perubahan kepemimpinan dalam JICA dan tujuan politik Jepang) dan eksternal (tekanan dari Amerika Serikat, rivalitas Jepang dengan China, dan dinamika perkembangan Kawasan Afrika dan Asia), yang melatarbelakangi pergeseran fokus distribusi ODA Jepang ke Afrika.

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Japan is a country which concentrated her ODA mainly in Asia. However, in 2003 until 2011, Japanese ODA to Asia diminished and Sub-Saharan Africa became the only region whose Japanese ODA?s allocation increased. It indicated the shifting of Japanese ODA to Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aims to uncover and analyze the factors underlying Japan?s policy to shift her ODA to Africa using foreign policy as the framework of analysis. The result shows the relevance between domestic factors (leadership transition in JICA and Japan?s political objective) and external factors (the pressure of US, rivalry between Japan and China, and development of Africa and Asia) in the shifting of Japanese ODA to Sub-Saharan Arica."