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"ABSTRAKJakarta lies in low-lying deltas served by the Ciliwung River and many other small rivers. Due to overpopulation in Jakarta, green open spaces are diminishing. Since infiltration capacities of land in Jakarta have decreased, surface runoff has become more extensive. As a result, Jakarta is often stricken by flood disasters which affect human life, property, and urban infrastructures. The objectives of this study are to identify and develop mitigation strategies during flood disasters for communities and urban infrastructures, including facilities that supply water for daily use as well as drinking water, and also sanitation facilities. Primary data was collected during field surveys, while secondary data represents information obtained from relevant literature. The results of this study show that the average height of water during flooding was about 1 meter, and the highest level reported as 4 meters. The time required to fully drain the flooding areas is typically about five days. However, the degree of damage to buildings andproperty is relatively minor during a flood. The study also reveals that residents who have lived in their houses more than 25 years generally had been hit by floods at least two times. Thus, these communities demonstrated that they had learned from their experiences to preparethemselves for future flooding to reduce the extent of damage, suffering, and loss. Public guidelines for mitigating damages caused by flood disasters should be developed and followed with communication and explanation to the communities within the various regions of Jakarta.The water supply facilities, such as reservoirs, and sanitation facilities should ensure that water tanks are made available to every shelter and campground, and that permanent public toilets are provided."

"Air merupakan bahan yang begitu vital dalam hidup setiap makhluk hidup, terutama manusia, sehingga keberadaannya perlu dijaga dengan baik. Kepadatan penduduk meningkatkan kebutuhan masyarakat pada air, apabila tidak diikuti dengan sanitasi yang baik maka krisis air tidak dapat dihindari. Pemanfaatan data yang tinggi dan kebuhrhan terhadap analisis yang cepat dan tepat, telah mendorong adanya kebutuhan terhadap pengembangan sistem informasi geografis kesehatan pada Air Minum dan Penyehatan Lingktrngan (AMPL) untuk menunjang proses perencaruran dan pengambilan keputusan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasikan model sistem informasi analisis spasial faktor resiko penyakit bawaan air yang mampu mendukung pengambilan keputusan dalam proses perencan.urn peningkatan kualitas dan kuantitas sarana air bersih dan sanitasi nasional. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumen di AMPL Pusat dan Sekretariat STBM Pusat. Sistem ini dikembangkan dengan memasukan indikator faktor risiko diare melalui tiga variabel yaitu: kependudukan, lingkungan dan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat, yang selanjutnya dilakukan identifikasi wilayah berisiko diare di tingkat provinsi dan plotting sebaran pelaku program percepatan akses SABS. Dengan melahrkan proses analisis over laying dan plotting data dalam sistem ini, maka keluaran yang didapatkan berupa data tabulasi, grafik dan peta, yang dipercaya manlrpu melihat kesenjangan masing-masing wilayah. Analisa spasial dilakukan dengan menggunakan software Arc View 3.3 (non open source) sehingga masih dibutuhkannya eksplorasi software yang lebih praktis dalam menjawab kebutuhan pengguna sistem kedepannya.

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Water is such a vital comodity in the lfe of every living teature, especially humans, so fts presence should be maintained properly. Population density increases the water needs of the community, thus the water crisis can not be avoided if onlyJbllowed by good sanitation. High data utilization ond the need for rapid and precise analysis, has driven the need for the development of geographic information systems in health Drinking Water and Sanitation (AMPL) to support planning and decision-making process.

This study aimed to identify models of information systems spatial analysis of water-borne disease risk factors that can support decision making in the planning process improved the quality and quantity of clean water and sanitation facilities nation wide.

Data collection methods used are in-depth interviews and document studies at the Centre AMPL and the Secretariat STBM, Jakarta. The system was developed by including indicators of risk factors of diarchea in three variables: population, erwironment and behavior of clean and healthy, which in turn made the identification of areas at risk of dianhea at the provincial level and plouing the distribution of program participants access acceleration SABS.

SABSBy doing the over-laying and plotting dota analysis in this system, then its output is obtained in the form of data tabulation, charts and maps, are believed to be able ta see the gap of each region. Spatial analysis is done using soffi,vare Arc View 3.3 (non open source) so it still needs a more practical exploration software in answering the needs offuture users of the system."

"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas tentang implementasi program penyediaan sarana air minum dan jamban keluarga (Samijaga) dan dampaknya dalam memperbaiki derajat kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Tingginya angka penyakit waterborne disease (diare atau kolera) membuat pemerintah Orde Baru pada Pelita II mengeluarkan Inpres Samijaga yang memberikan bantuan pembangunan Samijaga bagi penduduk berpenghasilan rendah. Bagian pertama dari isi skripsi ini menjelaskan tentang kebiasaan masyarakat terkait sanitasi dan kebijakan sanitasi yang pernah diterapkan di Indonesia. Lalu, dilanjutkan dengan memaparkan latar belakang dikeluarkannya Inpres yang mengatur program Samijaga. Kemudian, diakhiri dengan pembahasan tentang implementasi program Samijaga di beberapa wilayah di Indonesia (Sumatra, Jawa, Bali, dan Timor Timur) dan dampaknya dalam mengendalikan penyakit diare di Indonesia. Penelitian skripsi ini membuktikan bahwa melalui program Samijaga jumlah penduduk yang memiliki sarana air minum dan jamban meningkat. Penyakit diare juga berhasil dikendalikan meskipun terdapat kendala-kendala sosial budaya dalam pelaksanaannya. Skripsi ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah, salah satunya melalui penggunaan sumber-sumber primer (a.l. dokumen pemerintah, surat kabar sezaman, dll.) dan sumber sekunder (a.l. buku, jurnal, majalah, dll.).

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ABSTRACT

This thesis discusses about the implementation of water supply and sanitation program in Indonesia during the New Order on promoting people‟s health status. In Indonesia, waterborne diseases (i.e. diarrhea or cholera) were the major causes of illness and death. Therefore, the New Order government launched a presidential instruction on providing access to water supply and sanitation (Inpres Samijaga) for Indonesia‟s poor in the Second Five-Year Development (Pelita II). Firstly, this thesis provides a brief explanation about people‟s sanitary habit and prior sanitation programs which had been conducted in Indonesia. Then, it explains the reason of the New Order government launched presidential instruction regulating Samijaga program. Afterward, this thesis describes the implementation of Samijaga program in Indonesia (focus on a particular region in Sumatra, Java, Bali, and East Timor) and its impact in controlling diarrhea disease in Indonesia. According to this thesis, it indisputably proves that through Samijaga program, percentage of households with access to water supply and sanitation was increased. Diarrhea disease was successfully controlled although facing some socio-cultural obstacles. This thesis is a qualitative study using historical research method, such as, the use of primary sources (e.g. government documents, newspapers, etc.) and secondary sources (e.g. books, journal articles, magazine articles, etc.).;This thesis discusses about the implementation of water supply and sanitation program in Indonesia during the New Order on promoting people‟s health status. In Indonesia, waterborne diseases (i.e. diarrhea or cholera) were the major causes of illness and death. Therefore, the New Order government launched a presidential instruction on providing access to water supply and sanitation (Inpres Samijaga) for Indonesia‟s poor in the Second Five-Year Development (Pelita II). Firstly, this thesis provides a brief explanation about people‟s sanitary habit and prior sanitation programs which had been conducted in Indonesia. Then, it explains the reason of the New Order government launched presidential instruction regulating Samijaga program. Afterward, this thesis describes the implementation of Samijaga program in Indonesia (focus on a particular region in Sumatra, Java, Bali, and East Timor) and its impact in controlling diarrhea disease in Indonesia. According to this thesis, it indisputably proves that through Samijaga program, percentage of households with access to water supply and sanitation was increased. Diarrhea disease was successfully controlled although facing some socio-cultural obstacles. This thesis is a qualitative study using historical research method, such as, the use of primary sources (e.g. government documents, newspapers, etc.) and secondary sources (e.g. books, journal articles, magazine articles, etc.)."