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"Kehidupan manusia tidak bisa terlepas dari makanan sebagai media untuk bertahan hidup. Di masa kini, makanan telah menjadi sebuah fenomena tersendiri yang menarik perhatian manusia, bukan sekedar untuk menghilangkan rasa lapar, namun ada sebuah makna yang tersembunyi di balik makanan. Salah satu makna yang tersembunyi di dalam makanan dapat digali melalui kajian seni dan estetika. Ternyata, ada sebuah makna yang dapat menjadikan makna sebagai sebuah seni. Hal ini dapat dicapai melalui apresiasi estetik yang melibatkan fungsi persepsi dan penggalian makna oleh manusia itu sendiri. Apresiasi estetik pada makanan harus melalui proses konsumsi yang melibatkan kerja seluruh persepsi tanpa terpisahkan atau disebut dengan aesthetic engagement. Status seni pada makanan bagi Berleant melibatkan sebuah pengalaman estetik yang mengedepankan isu sosial dan proses pemaknaan kontekstual yang terwujud melalui pengalaman makan yang dihayati.

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Food cannot be separated from human‟s life as a media to survive. In present time, food has become a phenomena that interests people, not only as to relieve hunger, but there‟s also a hidden meaning beyond food itself. One of meanings that is hidden beyond the food can be cultivated through perspective of aesthetics and art. Evidently, there‟s a meaning that can make food as an art form. This can be achieved through aesthetic appreciation that involves the function of perception and meaning cultivation by human himself. Aesthetic appreciation on food must go through the process of consumption that involves the work of whole perception comprehensively or can be known as aesthetic engagement. The art status on food for Berleant requires a social aesthetic experience and a process of contextual meaning that can be formed through the activities of intimacy eating."

"Perkembangan seni lukis avant-garde di Rusia merupakan peristiwa penting dalam sejarah seni rupa modern. Di bawah semangat kebaharuan, avant-garde merupakan gagasan radikal yang berusaha mendobrak aliran seni rupa tradisional sebelumnya. Radikalisasi ini tidak terlepas dari faktor eksternal seperti keadaan ekonomi-politik, perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan, dan transformasi sosial di zamannya. Di bawah era industrialisasi dan revolusi, avant-garde Rusia berkembang dan menemukan dinamikanya sendiri.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan dan dinamika avant-garde sehubungan dengan konteks sosial di zamannya. Dari penelitian dapat dibuktikan bahwa kondisi sosial dan kondisi ekonomi-politik di suatu ruang dan waktu berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perkembangan medan seni rupa (lukis).

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The development of avant-garde panting in Russia is a significant moment in the history of visual art. At the sake of modernization, avant-garde is radical notion that tries to break the previous traditional art. This radicalization can not be separated from economic-politics, the development of science, and social transformation of its time. Under the industrialization and revolution, Russian avant-garde developed and found its own dynamics.

This research aims to analyze the development and dynamic of Russian avant-garde, regarding its social context at its time. From this research, it is proved that social, economic-politics in particular space and time, could influence the visual art (painting) significantly."

"In this wide-ranging book, renowned philosopher and cultural theorist Peter Sloterdijk examines art in all its rich and varied forms: from music to architecture, light to movement, and design to typography. Moving between the visible and the invisible, the audible and the inaudible, his analyses span the centuries, from ancient civilizations to contemporary Hollywood. With great verve and insight he considers the key issues that have faced thinkers from Aristotle to Adorno, looking at art in its relation to ethics, metaphysics, society, politics, anthropology and the subject. Sloterdijk explores a variety of topics, from the Greco-Roman invention of postcards to the rise of the capitalist art market, from the black boxes and white cubes of modernism to the growth of museums and memorial culture. In doing so, he extends his characteristic method of defamiliarization to transform the way we look at works of art and artistic movements. "