Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Global War on Terror yang dicanangkan oleh Pemerintah Amerika Serikat pasca serangan 9/11 yang dilansir merupakan perbuatan dari kelompok teroris al-Qaeda berujung kepada penangkapan besar-besaran atas orang-orang yang diduga sebagai anggota teroris al-Qaeda. Para tawanan terduga teroris tersebut ditempatkan di Penjara Guantanamo yang terletak di Teluk Guantanamo, Kuba. Pada permulaan Global War on Terror, pihak Amerika Serikat mengumumkan sebuah International Armed Conflict kepada Afghanistan demi memberantas rezim Pemerintahan Taliban dan kelompok terorisme al-Qaeda yang berada disana. Karena hal tersebut lah Hukum Humaniter Internasional sudah sewajarnya diberlakukan dalam konteks Global War on Terror tersebut, terutama kepada para tawanan terduga teroris yang ditangkap selama keadaan tersebut. Pada khususnya harus diberlakukan ketentuan-ketentuan yang terdapat di dalam Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War 1949 serta Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment 1984. Namun pada kenyataannya pihak Amerika Serikat tidak melaksanakan ketentuan-ketentuan yang terdapat di dalam Konvensi-konvensi tersebut dengan alasan para tawanan terduga teroris bukanlah pihak yang memiliki hak untuk dilindungi berdasarkan Konvensi-konvensi tersebut. Para tawanan terduga teroris tersebut kerap mendapatkan perlakuan tidak manusiawi dari para Militer Amerika Serikat yang bertugas di Guantanamo. Para tawanan pun tidak mendapatkan keputusan yang jelas dari sebuah pengadilan yang kompeten mengenai status mereka selama berada di dalam penawanan. Dengan demikian penting untuk dianalisa lebih lanjut mengenai status dari para tawanan terduga teroris tersebut, sehingga keberlakuan dari Konvensi-konvensi tersebut pun dapat lebih jelas tergambarkan. Permasalahan-permasalahan tersebut akan dijawab melalui penelitian yuridis-normatif sehingga diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pada intinya Hukum Humaniter Internasional, khususnya ketentuan yang terdapat di dalam Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War 1949 serta Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment 1984 harus diberlakukan dalam keadaan Global War on Terror, terutama kepada para tawanan terduga teroris.

---

Global War on Terror declared by the Government of the United States after the attacks of 9/11 reported as an act by a terrorist group known as al-Qaeda, led to massive arrests of people suspected as the members of al-Qaeda terrorists. The suspected terrorist detainees were placed in Guantanamo Prison located at the Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. At the beginning of the Global War on Terror, the United States announced an International Armed Conflict to Afghanistan in order to combat the Taliban regime and al-Qaeda terrorist group located there. By that situation, the International Humanitarian Law has been duly enacted in the context of the Global War on Terror, especially to the suspected terrorist detainees who were captured during these circumstances. In particular, the provisions in the Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War in 1949 and the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment 1984 should be applied. Nonetheless, the fact is that the United States did not execute the provisions in the Conventions on the grounds that the suspected terrorist detainees is not a party that has a right to be protected under the Conventions. The suspected terrorist detainees often get inhuman treatment by the U.S. Military who served in Guantanamo. Moreover, the detainess did not get their status clearly determined by any competent tribunal during their captivity. Therefore, it is important to analyze more about the status of the suspected terrorist detainees, so that the enforcement of the provisions in those Conventions could be clearly reflected. These problems will be reviewed using a juridicalnormative research method until it can be concluded that the International Humanitarian Law, in particular the provisions in the Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War in 1949 and the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment 1984 must be enforced in the state of Global War on Terror, particularly to the suspected terrorist detainees."

"[ABSTRAKTugas Karya Akhir ini membahas tentang pengaruh sumber daya yangdimiliki oleh kelompok kepentingan American Israel Public Affairs Committee(AIPAC) terhadap kapabilitasnya untuk melobi pemerintah Amerika Serikat (AS).Khususnya dalam mewujudkan kebijakan luar negeri yang pro terhadap Israel,salah satunya kebijakan Syria Accountability and Lebanese SovereigntyRestoration Act (SALSRA) tahun 2003. Sumber daya kelompok kepentinganAIPAC tersebut meliputi sumber daya finansial, sumber daya anggota danlobbyist. Untuk menjelaskan hal tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan konsepkelompok kepentingan dan lobi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa sumberdaya anggota dan sumber daya finansial yang dimiliki AIPAC lebih dominandalam menentukan kapabilitas AIPAC dalam melobi pemerintah AS untukmenghasilkan kebijakan SALSRA tahun 2003.

---

ABSTRACTThis thesis discusses how influential the resources of the interestgroup American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) towards its capabilityto lobby the United States government in achieving the foreign policy of pro-Israel, one of which policies include Syria Accountability and LebaneseSovereignty Restoration Act ( SALSRA ) in 2003. The resources of the interestgroup AIPAC includes financial resources, members and lobbyists. To explain theabove statement, this study uses the concept of interest group and lobbying. Theresult of this study shows that AIPAC?s members and financial resources is more dominant in terms of AIPAC's capability in lobbying U.S. Government togenerate the SALSRA policy in 2003. ;This thesis discusses how influential the resources of the interestgroup?American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC)? towards its capabilityto lobby the United States government in achieving the foreign policy of pro-Israel, one of which policies include Syria Accountability and LebaneseSovereignty Restoration Act ( SALSRA ) in 2003. The resources of the interestgroup AIPAC includes financial resources, members and lobbyists. To explain theabove statement, this study uses the concept of interest group and lobbying. Theresult of this study shows that AIPAC?s members and financial resources is moredominant in terms of AIPAC?s capability in lobbying U.S. Government togenerate the SALSRA policy in 2003. , This thesis discusses how influential the resources of the interestgroup“American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC)” towards its capabilityto lobby the United States government in achieving the foreign policy of pro-Israel, one of which policies include Syria Accountability and LebaneseSovereignty Restoration Act ( SALSRA ) in 2003. The resources of the interestgroup AIPAC includes financial resources, members and lobbyists. To explain theabove statement, this study uses the concept of interest group and lobbying. Theresult of this study shows that AIPAC’s members and financial resources is moredominant in terms of AIPAC’s capability in lobbying U.S. Government togenerate the SALSRA policy in 2003. ]"