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"Gerakan Sanusiyah merupakan gerakan tarekat yang didirikan oleh Muhammad ibn Ali al-Sanusi. Gerakan ini lahir pada akhir paruh pertama abad ke-19 dan mulai terkenal pada awal abad ke-20 karena perjuangannya dalam melawan kolonialisme Eropa di Libya. Gerakan ini berjasa dalam mendirikan negara Libya modern. Dalam hal pemikiran, gerakan ini bersifat puritan dan revivalis. Al-Sanusi sebagai pendirinya berpandangan bahwa interpretasi syari'ah haruslah bebas. Ia juga menekankan bahwa umat Islam harus menghidupkan kembali akidah dan praktik Islam yang murni sebagaimana diajarkan oleh Nabi Muhammad, serta membebaskan diri dari dogmadogma yang telah melemahkannya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan bahwa Gerakan Sanusiyah merupakan gerakan revivalis yang sangat gigih memperjuangkan kemerdekaan negara Libya dari kolonialisme, baik melalui jalan koperatif maupun non-koperatif.

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Sanusiyah Movement is thariqa movement which was established by Muhammad ibn Ali al-Sanusi. The movement appeared at the end of first half 19th century and became popular at the beginning of 20th century because of its struggle to resist European colonialism in Libya. The movement was meritorious in instituting the modern country of Libya. The characteristic of Sanusiyah movement are puritan and revivalist thought. Al-Sanusi as the founder thought that the interpretation of Shari'a must be free. He also emphasized that muslim must revive akidah and Islamic practice which is pure, in the same manner as taught by Mohammad, and liberate themselves from dogmas which was debilitate them. This research is qualitative research with literatural studies. The purpose of this research is to clarify that the Sanusiyah Movement is revivalist movement which was very persistent in fighting for Libya's independence from colonialism by cooperative or non-cooperative way."

"Buku ini menjelaskan tentang sejarah LIbya pada abad 8-9 Masehi.Libya pada saat itu menjadi jalur perdagangan antara benua Asia-Afrika-Eropa.Buku ini menjelaskan keadaan suku badui yang terdapat di Libya."

"Construction delays have become endemic in Libya. It is imperative to create awareness of the extent to which such delays can adversely affect project delivery, especially with regard to road construction projects. It is clear that the Libyan road construction industry also faces the issue of not being able to complete projects within the allocated time. This paper identifies the effects of road construction delays, evaluates these through a questionnaire, and assesses them using an empirical method. A detailed review of related literature produced the secondary data, while the primary data was obtained via a structured questionnaire which targeted the road construction projects owners, consultants and contractors. A 71% response rate was achieved; 256 out of the 360 questionnaires sent out were returned. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data received from the questionnaires. The findings of the study reveal that the major outcomes of road construction project schedule overruns in Tripoli, Libya include cost overruns, time extensions, disputes, loss of profit, breaches of contract, poor quality of work and company’s bad reputation. The study makes a contribution to the knowledge of the subject of the outcomes of road construction project schedule overruns in Tripoli. Computation of the means and standard deviations, together with a structural equation model, have been used for the data analysis and inference. It is found that delays in road construction projects widely lead to cost overrun, time overrun, litigation and disputes. The findings of the study also provide significant insights into the construction industry, which will help it formulate strategies in order to avoid delays and their consequences. The most important effects identified were time overrun, cost overrun and obstruction of economic and country development. The recommendations and limitations are discussed in the concluding part of the study."

"Karya tulis ini dilatarbelakangi ketertarikan penulis terhadap perubahan kondisi Libya masa kepemimpinan Qaddafi dan pasca revolusi dengan judul penelitian 'Libya Pasca Revolusi Kepemimpinan Muammar Al Qaddafi'. Topik ini membahas mengenai pengaruh yang terjadi pada masyarakat Libya masa kepemimpinan Qaddafi serta situasi dan kondisi yang terjadi pasca revolusi dan kematian Qaddafi pada tahun 2011. Penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka yang bersumber dari surat kabar, skripsi, dan media online mengenai pemerintahan Qaddafi dan pasca revolusi Libya. Kepemimpinan Qaddafi terhadap Libya mempunyai pengaruh yang besar. Kebijakan-kebijakan yang dibuat Qaddafi memiliki pengaruh terhadap kehidupan masyarakat Libya. Kebijakan yang dibuatnya mencakup beberapa kondisi yang ada di Libya. Kondisi yang dimaksudkan mencakup kondisi sosial, politik, ekonomi, pemerintahan, keamanan dan kesukuan yang ada di Libya. Hipotesa yang terdapat pada penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa kebijakan tersebut juga memberikan dampak bagi masyarakat pasca revolusi pemerintahan Qaddafi. Namun dampak yang terjadi bukan hanya dirasakan oleh masyarakat Libya saja tetapi juga dirasakan oleh bangsa barat seperti invasi yang dilakukan NATO pada Libya dengan memanfaatkan keadaan Libya pasca revolusi.

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This paper is motivated interest in authors to changing conditions during leadership Qaddafi and the Libyan post revolution with the title 'After the Libyan Revolution Muammar Al Qaddafi Leadership'. This topic discusses the influences that occur in the leadership of Qaddafi. Libyan people and the circumstances that occur after the revolution and Qaddafi's death in 2011. The author uses descriptive method to approach literature sourced from newspapers, theses, and online media on governance and post Qaddafi. Libyan revolution Qaddafi against the Libyan leadership has a great influence. The policies that made Qaddafi has an influence on the lives of the Libyan people. Made policy covers several conditions that exist in Libya. Conditions are intended to include social, political, economic, governance security and tribalism in Libya. Hypotheses contained in this study stated that these policies also have an impact on society after the revolution Qaddafi government. However the impact of which occurs not only felt by the people of Libya but also perceived by Western nations such as the NATO invasion of Libya is done by utilizing state of the post revolution Libya."

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang awal kekuasaan, masa kekuasaan, akhir kekuasaan Muammar Qaddafi di Libya, sumbangannya dalam membangun Libya dan faktorfaktor pemicu penggulingan kekuasaannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah, meliputi proses pemilihan topik, pengumpulan sumber, verifikasi, interpretasi dan penulisan. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa Qaddafi memperoleh kekuasaan melalui kudeta militer dan mendapat dukungan karena rakyat rindu sosok pemimpin pro-rakyat, anti imperialisme dan kolonialisme. Massa kekuasaan Qaddafi dijalankan dengan sistem otoriter sehingga dapat melanggengkan kekuasaannya. Adapun faktor-faktor yang memicu jatuhnya kekuasaan Qaddafi adalah faktor sejarah, kekecewaan rakyat, krisis ekonomi, adanya Arab Spring yang menginspirasi rakyat dan peran pihak asing.

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This undergraduate thesis talks about Libya before, during and after Muammar Qadafi's regime in Libya, his contributions in developing the country and also factors that caused his fall. This research used historical research method, which includes the selection process of the topic, data research, verification, interpretation and writing. The result shows that Qaddafi obtained his power through a military coup and people's sympathy, since people were looking for a figure who was anti-amperialism and colonialism, and having people's based policies. Qaddafi run with an authoritarian system so as to maintain its power. There are also factors that triggers his regime to fall, like historical reason, people's discontentment, economic crisis, the existence of Arab Spring which influenced the people and the intervention from other countries."

"Penelitian ini membahas Perang Saudara Kedua di Libya khususnya mengenai peristiwa-peristiwa penting dan pihak-pihak yang terlibat pada perang ini. Teori yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah teori perang saudara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan atau studi literatur. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa terdapat tiga peristiwa penting yang terjadi dalam Perang Saudara Kedua yaitu Operasi Martabat yang diluncurkan pada 16 Mei 2014 oleh pasukan Tentara Nasional Libya dibawah pimpinan Khalifa Haftar, Operasi Libya Fajar yang diluncurkan pada 13 Juli 2014 oleh pasukan koalisi islamis dan Penandatanganan Perjanjian Politik Libya pada 17 Desember 2015. Perang Saudara Kedua di Libya tidak hanya melibatkan aktor politik dan militer namun juga melibatkan milisi-milisi berbasis ideologi, regional, etnis maupun suku.

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This study discusses The Second Civil War in Libya especially on the important events and parties involved. This research uses theories about civil war theory and library research method. The result concludes that there are three important events that occurred during The Second Civil War in Libya Operation Dignity launched on 16 May 2014 by Libyan National Army under Khalifa Haftar lead, Operation Libya Dawn launched on 13 July 2014 by islamist militia coalition and The Libyan Political Agreement which was signed on 17 December 2015. The Second Civil War in Libya did not only involve political and military actors, but also ideological, regional, ethnic and tribal militias."