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"Skripsi ini membahas mengenai hubungan simultan antara tatanan gender Alawiyyin dengan pengekspresian seksualitas janda dimulai dari konsepsi perempuan ideal sebagai ‘syarifa’ lengkap dengan formulasi kolektif akan identitas tersebut hingga upaya yang dilakukan perempuan untuk menegosiasikan tatanan gender komunitas dengan memainkan subjektivitas dan agensi yang semakin luas ketika lepas dari perkawinan. Saya menggunakan pendekatan etnografi berupa wawancara mendalam dan observasi partisipasi terhadap lima janda Alawiyyin di Yayasan DR. Triangulasi data juga dilakukan terhadap pengurus Yayasan DR, anak-anak perempuan, relawan pengajar, hingga janda-janda lainnya untuk memperdalam analisa tulisan ini. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan fleksibilitas agensi yang terwujud pada reaktualisasi tindakan janda ketika menegosiasikan tatanan kolektif baik dalam menolak wacana dominan, mengadopsi posisi ‘subjek’ baru serta sebagai individu yang diberdayakan. Keberadaan Yayasan DR memicu subjektivitas kolektif untuk mengubah persepsi akan status janda sekaligus ikut mengintervensi seksualitas mereka dan mentranskripsikan struktur kolektif meski tidak menyentuh ranah pribadi. Dengan begitu, sensibilitas diri ataupun kolektif memperluas agensi janda namun bukan berarti membuat mereka berkehendak bebas di luar budaya

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This bachelor thesis discussed simultaneously relationship between the Alawiyyin gender order and the expression of widow sexuality starting from the conception of an ideal woman as a 'syarifa' complete with a collective formulation of that identity to the efforts of women to negotiate a community gender order by playing wider subjectivity and agency when released from marriage. I use an ethnographic approach in the form of in-depth interviews and participatory observation of five Janda Alawiyyin at Yayasan DR. Data triangulation was also carried out on the administrators of the Yayasan DR, daughters, teaching volunteers, and other widows to deepen the analysis of this paper. The results of this study indicate agency flexibility manifested in the actualization of widows' actions when negotiating a collective order both in rejecting dominant discourse, adopting new 'subject' positions as well as empowered individuals. The existence of Yayasan DR triggers collective subjectivity to change perceptions of the status of widows while at the same time intervening in their sexuality and transcribing the collective structure even though it does not touch the personal sphere. In this way, self or collective sensibility expands widows' agencies, but that does not mean that they will be free outside of culture"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan perbedaan representasi perempuan dalam drama Followers (2020) yang diproduksi oleh saluran streaming content Netflix dengan bagaimana perempuan umumnya direpresentasikan dalam drama yang diproduksi oleh televisi luring. Penulis menggunakan teori representasi Stuart Hall (1997) sebagai konsep dasar dan teori gender Oakley (1972) serta konsep stereotip gender mengenai maskulinitas dan femininitas Mary E. Kite dalam Worell (2001) dengan metode analisis teks. Dari hasil analisis, ditemukan tokoh perempuan yang berusaha untuk mendobrak batasan gender dan representasi perempuan yang belum pernah muncul sebelumnya dalam drama Jepang yaitu perempuan yang ingin memiliki anak tanpa pernikahan. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh Netflix sebagai ruang yang memungkinkan untuk menggambarkan representasi perempuan yang lebih beragam dan tidak terikat dengan norma patriarki. Drama Followers dapat dilihat sebagai refleksi terhadap masyarakat Jepang dewasa ini dengan meningkatnya perempuan yang keluar dari stereotip perempuan Jepang dan mendobrak norma patriarki yang tertanam dalam masyarakat Jepang.

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This study aims to find differences from how women are represented in the drama Followers (2020) which was produced by Netflix, compared to the general idea of women represented in Japanese dramas produced by mainstream television. The writer uses the representation theory from Stuart Hall (1997) as the basic concept and gender theory from Oakley (1972) as well as the stereotypical concept of the nature and role of gender by Mary E. Kite in Worell (2001) with text analysis methods. The results showed that Followers featured strong female characters who tried to break the restriction on gender and also portrays a variety of women who have never been featured in Japanese dramas such as women who want to have a child without getting married. This is possible because Netflix creates a room that enables a diversity of women representation and gives them means to break from the patriarchal norms. The drama Followers can be seen as a reflection of current Japanese society with an increasing number of women who are trying to break the stereotype and the patriarchal system of Japan."

"The role of women in Islamic societies, not to mention in the religion itself, is a defining issue. It is also one that remains resistant to universal dogma, with a wide range of responses to women?s social roles across the Islamic world. Reflecting this heterogeneity, the editor of this volume has assembled the latest research on the issue, which combines contemporary with historical data. The material comes from around the world as well as from Muslim and non-Muslim researchers. It takes in work from majority Muslim nations such as Bangladesh, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Pakistan, Palestine, Tunisia and Turkey, as well as countries with troubled interfaith relations such as India and Israel. Nations with minority Muslim populations such as France, the UK, Canada and Australia, are also represented. The work also features varying Islamic sub-groups such as the two main ones, Sunni and Shi?a, as well as less well known populations such as the Ismaili Muslims. In each case, the work is underpinned by the very latest socio-theological insights and empirical data."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan pengalaman spiritual pribadi perempuan Kristen Ambon dalam kerusuhan, dalam kaitannya dengan bagaimana memahari diri sendiri, keluarga dan sesamanya yang seiman maupun tidak seiman. Selain itu juga untuk mengungkapkan bagaimana spiritualitas perempuan Kristen Ambon dalam memahami Konsep Allah, dalam rangka ‘menamai kembali’ Allah yang selama ini biasanya dilihat dari sudut pandang laki-laki, dalam sifatnya yang feminin. Kerangka pikir dalam menganalisis permasalahan ini menggunakan konsep teori Teologi Feminis tentang spiritualitas perempuan Kristen yang berdasar kepada Firman Tuhan dalam mengungkapkan pengalaman-pengalaman perempuan Kristen dalam kerusuhan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yang berperspektif perempuan. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa dalam kerusuhan, perempuan-perempuan Kristen ini dapat melaluinya hanya karena kasih dan pertolongan Tuhan. Mereka dapat berdiri teguh melalui kerusvhan ini, hidup saling mengasihi dan melayani serta menjadi saluran berkat bagi sesama baik yang seiman maupun tidak seiman, dan dapat menemukan Kasih Allah dalam sifat-sifatnya yang feminin.

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The objective of this research is to reveal how the riots in Ambon affected personal spiritual experiences of Christian women, in relations to achieving self-comprehension, as well as in getting thorough understanding about their family and their fellow human, either from the same religious group and or from different religions. Furthermore, the research tries to explain how those spiritual experiences influence them in understanding the Concept of God, in trying to ‘rename’ God that was usually seen merely as a masculine creature from a feminine point of view.

The analysis refers to the Theory of Feminist Theology which explains spiritual characters of Christian women based on the Bible in expressing their experiences during the riots.

The method used is qualitative research method from women’s perspective. The result shows that the Ambonese Christian women were able to survive through the riots only because of the Lord’s love and help. They were able to stand firm, love and serve one another, even bless their neighbors either from the same or different religious groups, and found God’s love in His feminine characters."

"What role do transitional justice processes play in determining the gender outcomes of transitions from conflict and authoritarianism? What is the impact of transitional justice processes on the human rights of women in states emerging from political violence? Gender Politics in Transitional Justice argues that human rights outcomes for women are determined in the space between international law and local gender politics. The book draws on feminist political science to reveal the key gender dynamics that shape the strategies of local women's movements in their engagement with transitional justice, and the ultimate success of those strategies, termed 'the local fit'. Also drawing on feminist doctrinal scholarship in international law, 'the international frame' examines the role of international law in defining harms against women in transitional justice and in determining the 'from' and 'to' of transitions from conflict and authoritarianism. This book locates evolving state practice in gender and transitional justice over the past two decades within the context of the enhanced protection of women's human rights under international law."