Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Globalisasi memang telah terjadi sejak ratusan tahun yang lalu, namun signifikansinya di abad ke-21 ini sangat besar. Melalui penelitian kali ini, penulis akan mencoba untuk mencari tahu bagaimana pengaruh globalisasi tersebut terhadap pembentukan nasionalisme sebuah negara, yang dalam hal ini akan penulis kaitkan dengan nasionalisme China.Penulis juga akan melihat bagaimana konsep nasionalisme yang telah terpengaruh arus globalisasi ini diimplementasikan terhadap etnik minoritas Uighur di Xinjiang melalui rentang waktu 2001-2010. Untuk melakukan penelitian ini, penulis akan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif terutama dilakukan mengenai studi literatur-literatur mengenai globalisasi, nasionalisme China, serta Uighur.Globalization has been happening for hundred of years, yet, its significance in the 21st century is indeed very huge. In this research, I would like to know deeper on how the globalization shapes the concept of nationalism of a nation-state. In this research, I would use China as an example.

I also want to dig deep on how this nationalism which has been affected by globalization is being implemented on the Uyghur ethnic minority in Xinjiang from 2001 to 2010. In doing this research, I would use qualitative research method, more specifically by emphasizing the literature studies about globalization, Chinese nationalism, and Uyghur."

"China has reduced the S02 emissions by 143% in the Five-Year Plan (2006-2010). However, air pollution is still a severe problem in some industrial regions in China, due to excessive use of coal and other fossil fuels. China plans to reduce S02 emissions by 8% in the new l2 Five-Year Plan (2011-2015), along with other CO2 reduction targets and pollutants reduction targets. This study makes a comprehensive assessment of energy related S02 emissions control in China's 12th Five-Year Plan, by using a large scale non-linear integrated assessmen model. According to the results, the popularization of wet type S02 scrubbers and improve ment of the environmental emission standards play an important role in the achievement of S02 control target by 2015. In addition, the changes in energy consumption structure Contribute to S0; and other energy related emission controls, as well as the sustainable development of energy‘ In China, future environmental policy should concentrate on the provinces which emit SO; seriously, like Shandong, Inner Mongolia and Henan, or relevant industrial sectors such as electric & heat power, ferrous metals and nonmetal mineral sectors."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengeksplorasi mengenai kebijakan proteksionisme Amerika Serikat terhadap perdagangan Tiongkok. Amerika Serikat sangat menjunjung tinggi perdagangan bebas dan keterbukaan ekonomi karena meyakini bahwa perdagangan bebas tidak hanya bertujuan untuk memajukan perekonomian domestik Amerika Serikat, akan tetapi juga sebagai alat untuk menciptakan keuntungan bersama antar negara. Fenomena tersebut bertolak belakang dengan Amerika Serikat di era Presiden Donald Trump yang menerapkan kebijakan proteksionisme terhadap perdagangan Tiongkok. Kebijakan proteksionisme merupakan strategi Amerika Serikat untuk mengatasi efek negatif dari adanya perdagangan bebas.Untuk menganalisis permasalahan dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan paradigma ekonomi politik internasional, teori perdagangan bebas, merkantilisme, dan nasionalisme ekonomi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian eksploratif.Hasil temuan dalam penelitian ini, antara lain: Pertama, kebijakan proteksionisme merupakan bagian dari bentuk kekecewaan Amerika Serikat yang memuncak terhadap sistem perdagangan bebas karena tidak sesuai dengan keinginan Amerika Serikat. Presiden Donald Trump melihat kepemimpinan Amerika Serikat cenderung melemah yang ditandai dengan adanya defisit perdagangan, permasalahan terkait teknologi, dan rencana Made in China 2025. Proteksionisme memicu respon dari Tiongkok dan pada akhirnya menciptakan perang dagang. Perang dagang merujuk pada perebutan posisi sebagai negara pemimpin ekonomi dan teknologi di dunia. Kedua, kebijakan proteksionisme menjadi bumerang bagi domestik Amerika Serikat dan menimbulkan implikasi bagi negara sasaran proteksionisme yaitu Tiongkok serta negara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Dengan demikian, kebijakan proteksionisme tidak menjadikan Amerika Serikat mendapatkan keuntungan secara maksimal, bahkan semakin berkontribusi membuat perdagangan yang jauh lebih tidak adil.

---

ABSTRACTThe aim of this research is to explore about protectionism policy of the United States of America towards Chinas trade. The United States of America firmly upholds free trade and economic openness because it believes that free trade is not only aimed at promoting the domestic economy of the United States of America, but also as a tool to create mutual benefits between countries. On the contrary, the United States of America in the era of President Donald Trump implemented a policy of protectionism towards Chinas trade. Protectionism policy is the United States strategy to overcome the harmful effects of free trade.To analyze the problems in this research, the author uses the paradigm of the international political economy, free trade theory, mercantilism, and economic nationalism. The research method used in this research is a qualitative research method with an explorative research type.The findings of this research are: First, protectionism policy is part of the United States disappointment that is culminated in a free trade system because the result of free trade does not the wishes of the United States. President Donald Trump sees the United States leadership as weakening marked by trade deficits, technology-related problems, and the plan of Made in China 2025. Protectionism triggers a response from China and ultimately creates a trade war. Trade war refers to the struggle for position as the leading economy and technology in the world. Second, protectionism policy backfires the domestic of the United States and has implications for the protectionist target countries, namely China and developing countries such as Indonesia. Thus, protectionism policy does not make the United States benefit maximally, and it even contributes to making trade far more unfair."