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"The present work is the first installment of a long-rings project, born of the conviction that progress in Indo-European studies is contingent upon a thorough reconsideration of central morphology in the light of the theory laryngeal, without dissolving the whole into a Kurylowtczian hotbed of analogistlc ferment. For this purpose the area of Sauisure’s initial progress servos as a starting point, followed by other questions that concern Indo-European morphology generally and cannot be localized in single dialects, including the noun and the pronoun. "

"ABSTRAKBudaya Indo merupakan hasil percampuran antara budaya Eropa (Belanda) dan Timur (Indonesia). Pada jejaring instagram, terdapat sebuah akun untuk orang-orang Indo (indos be like), yang berisi hal-hal yang berhubungan dengan Indo dalam bentuk meme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap ciri budaya Indo yang dimunculkan dalam meme tersebut dan melihat unsur bahasa yang digunakan pada meme. Teori yang dipakai ialah denotasi konotasi Roland Barthes. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan hasil pembahasan berupa deskripsi dari temuan analisis. Ditemukan bahwa ciri orang Indo sebagian besar lebih condong mengikuti budaya orang Indonesia. Pada analisis unsur bahasa meme, ditemukan adanya peminjaman istilah-istilah bahasa Indonesia serta pengejaan kosakata bahasa Belanda yang mengikuti pelafalan orang Indonesia. Kesimpulannya, meme indos be like mencirikan budaya Indo dengan cara memunculkan stereotip-stereotip orang Indo di dalamnya. Penggunaan bahasa pada meme menunjukkan identitas kaum Indo yang merupakan hasil dari percampuran budaya Belanda dan Indonesia.

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ABSTRACT

Indo culture is the result of a mixture of European (Dutch) and Eastern (Indonesian) cultures. On instagram, there is an account for Indo people (indos be like), which contains things related to Indo in the form of memes. This study aims to uncover the characteristics of the Indo culture that was raised in the meme and see the elements of language used in memes. Roland Barthes semiotic theory, which includes the denotation and connotation of a sign was used to analyze the memes. This study used a qualitative method, with the results in the form of a description of the findings from the analysis. It was found that the characteristics of Indo people were mostly more inclined to follow the culture of the Indonesian people. In the analysis of the language elements, it was found that there are some terms borrowed from Indonesian language and there are some vocabulary spellings in Dutch that follow Indonesian pronunciation. In conclusion, indos be like memes characterizes Indos culture by giving Indos stereotypes in it. The use of language in memes shows the Indos culture identity which is the result of a mixture of Dutch and Indonesian cultures."

"This paper examines gender agreement in three little-known languages of the Aru Islands and places them within the larger pattern of “neuter gender” in eastern Indonesia. For each language, I look first at the variety of agreement targets that are controlled by gendered nouns. Secondly, I look at the semantics of nouns that control agreement. I show that whilst having a strongly semantic base involving animacy, gender in Aru languages is a grammatical category in which many nouns denoting certain types of entities that lack discernable biological animacy are assigned to the same gender as that of animate referents. I conclude by considering the system of gender in proto-Aru."

"The Müller and northern Schwaner mountain ranges are home to a handful of tiny, isolated groups (Aoheng, Hovongan, Kereho, Semukung, Seputan), altogether totaling about 5,000 persons, which are believed to have been forest hunter-gatherers in a distant or recent past. Linguistic data were collected among these groups and other neighbouring groups between 1975 and 2010, leading to the delineation of two distinct clusters of languages of nomadic or formerly nomadic groups, which are called MSP (Müller-Schwaner Punan) and BBL (Bukat-Beketan-Lisum) clusters. These languages also display lexical affinity to the languages of various major Bornean settled farming groups (Kayan, Ot Danum). Following brief regional and particular historical sketches, their phonological systems and some key features are described and compared within the wider local linguistic setting, which is expected to contribute to an elucidation of the ultimate origins of these people and their languages."