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"The recent growth in research on the topic of evolutionary novelties inspired this volume of Research in the Sociology of Organizations. While previous sociological work has done an admirable job of understanding selection and differentiation processes, it has widely ignored the origin of novelty and growth to form initial structures and practices."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis opportunity cost bagi pihak eksternal perusahaan selama tahun 2010-2021 dari pelaksanaan proyek pemindahan jalan nasional akibat perluasan area pertambangan perusahaan batubara. Indikatorindikator yang digunakan untuk menilai kelayakan poryek adalah aggregate benefit cost ratio, benefit cost ratio, margin of aggregate benefit cost, margin of benefit cost, present value of aggregate net benefit (PVANB), dan present value of net benefit (PVNB). Simulasi Monte Carlo digunakan untuk menganalisis dampak ketidakpastian berbagai variabel input terhadap variabel indikator dalam analisis ini. Dari hasil simulasi, didapat bahwa nilai rata-rata distribusi data untuk variabel-variabel indikator opportunity cost selalu menunjukkan nilai positif. Tingkat kepastian kelayakan semua variabel indikator tersebut selalu lebih dari 50%. Nilai rata-rata distribusi hasil simulasi variabel PVANB adalah $1.787.926.660 dan PVNB adalah $3.505.232.320. Melalui nilai-nilai indikator tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa proyek pemindahan jalan nasional ini layak untuk dilaksanakan.

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The aim of this research is to analyze the opportunity cost for external parties of the company from 2010 to 2021 from the national road relocation project for coal mining company area expansion. Indicators used to analyze the project feasibility are aggregate benefit cost ratio, benefit cost ratio, margin of aggregate benefit cost, margin of benefit cost, present value of aggregate net benefit (PVANB), and present value of net benefit (PVNB). Monte Carlo simulation is used to analyze the impact of input variables' uncertainty toward the indicator variables in this analysis.

From the result of simulation, distribution mean of opportuniti cost's indicator variables always show large positive values. Feasibility certainty level also indicates values more than 50%. Distribution mean of PVANB is $1.787.926.660, and PVNB distribution mean is $3.505.232.320. Based on those indicators, it can be concluded that the project is feasible to be implemented."

"ABSTRAKSeorang apoteker memegang peranan penting di industri farmasi, komunitas (apotek), dan rumah sakit. Apoteker harus memenuhi standar kompetensi sebagai persyaratan untuk memasuki dunia kerja dan menjalani praktik keprofesiannya. Standar kompetensi apoteker Indonesia terdiri dari sepuluh (10) standar kompetensi sebagai kemampuan yang diharapkan oleh apoteker saat lulus dan masuk ke tempat praktik kerja keprofesiannya. Sebagai bekal dan pengalaman calon apoteker untuk memahami peran apoteker dan meningkatkan kompetensi, maka dilaksanakan Praktik Kerja Profesi Apoteker (PKPA) di PT. Takeda Indonesia dan Apotik Atrika pada periode Januari - Maret 2020. Selama PKPA, diharapkan calon apoteker dapat memperluas wawasan, pemahaman, dan pengalaman untuk melakukan pekerjaan kefarmasian di tempat kerja profesi. 

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ABSTRACTA pharmacist plays an important role in the pharmaceutical industry, community (pharmacy), and hospital. Pharmacists must meet competency standards as a requirement to enter the work field and carry out their professional practice. Indonesian pharmacist competency standards consist of ten (10) competency standards as the capabilities expected by pharmacists when they graduate and enter their professional practice. As a preparation and experience of prospective pharmacists to understand the role of pharmacists and improve competence, the Pharmacist Professional Work Practice/ internship was implemented at PT. Takeda Indonesia and the Pharmacy of Atrika in the period January - March 2020. During the internship, it is hoped that prospective pharmacists can broaden their horizons, understanding, and experience to do pharmaceutical work in the professional workplace."