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"Chinese has become the world's second language. Each language has its own law, as is the Chinese Indonesian students have difficulty in learning Chinese which are are not surprising. Every language has various characteristics, so do Chinese and Bahasa Indanesia. Article analyzes difficulties to learn Chinese, especially for Indonesian students, those are tone, grammar, sounds of 'er hua' such as Alice retroflex. The respondents are 100 Indonesian students who are randomly selected for testing samples analyzed since there is no tone in Bahasa Indonesia, it makes a lot of Indonesian students in the learning process often appear in Chinese foreign accent phenomenon. This article expects to explore the problem by studying the formation of the causes and solutions. Indonesian students learning Chinese was designed to provide some teaching and learning strategies."

"In 2000 a cephalometric survey has been done on both genders of Javanese, Bataks and Chinese students at the University of Indonesia (UI), the Indonesian Christian University (UKI) and the Christian University of Jakarta (UKRIDA) with the aim to detect their cephalometric characteristics patterns and the degree of their secular changes with their ancestors. Cephalometric parameters were measured as follows: the maximal head length (glabellaopisthocranion), the maximal head breadth (euryon-euryon), the minimal forehead breadth (frontotemporalefrontotemporale), the morphological facial height (suborbitale-gnathion), the bizygomatic breadth (zygion-zygion) and the bi-gonion breadth (gonion gonion). In addition measurements were done on facial soft tissue factors such as the nasal height (suborbitale-subnasale) the nasal breadth (alare-alare), the ear length (superaurale-subaurale) and the ear breadth (preaurale-postaurale). The results were treated statistically using t test to obtain the degree of significance. It was determined that some cephalometric characteristics have undergone secular changes but both genders of Bataks, Javanese and Chinese students seemed to depict their retainment of their respective ancestors cephalometric characteristics, consequently their cephalometric characteristic differences were still detectable."

"Indeks wajah pada mahasiswa etnis Cina rentang usia 20-22. Estetika wajah merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kepercayaan diri dalam suatu komunitas sosial. Indeks-indeks wajah sangat penting untuk mendapatkan estetika wajah dalam perawatan ortodontik. Indeks wajah ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh jenis kelamin dan etnis. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengukur indeks wajah mahasiswa/i etnis Tionghoa pada Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Kristen Maranatha dengan menggunakan pengukuran antropometri. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif observasional. Indeks wajah dari 48 subjek diukur dengan menggunakan jangka sorong dial. Hasil: Hasil mengindikasikan bahwa laki-laki memiliki indeks wajah (89.5±5.66) lebih besar daripada perempuan (86.67±4.45). Indeks mulut-lebar wajah dan indeks wajah atas pada perempuan lebih besar dibandingkan dengan laki-laki, indeks mulut-lebar wajah pada perempuan 35.22±2.46 dan pada laki-laki 34.69±3.04. Indeks wajah atas pada perempuan 56.03±2.99 dan pada laki-laki 55.35±3.72. Indeks tinggi wajah bawah-tinggi wajah lebihbesar pada laki-laki (61.22±1.77) daripada perempuan (60.20±3.81). Indeks dagu-tinggi wajah bawah juga lebih besar pada laki-laki (50.63±3.61) dibandingkan perempuan (49.64±4.04). Simpulan: Laki-laki etnis Tionghoa memiliki tipe wajah leptoprosop serta tinggi wajah bawah dan dagu yang lebih tinggi, sedangkan pada perempuan etnis Tionghoa memiliki tipe wajah mesoprosop, tinggi wajah yang lebih tinggi dan mulut yang lebih lebar.

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Facial aesthetics is one of the factors affecting personal confidence in a social community. Facial indices are very important to obtain a facial aesthetic in orthodontic treatment. Facial indices can be influenced by gender and ethnicity. Objectives: To measure facial indices of Chinese ethnic students at the Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University aged 20-22 years old in 2011 using anthopometric measurements. Methods: This was an observational descriptive study. Facial indices of 48 students were measured using dial caliper. Result: Male have larger facial index (89.5±5.66), than female (86.67±4.45). Mouth-face width index and upper facial index of female was greater when compared with male, which mouth-face width index of female was 35.22±2.46 while index of male was 34.69±3.04. Upper facial index of female was 56.03±2.99 and male was 55.35±3.72. The lower facial height-facial height index was greater in male (61.22±1.77) than in female (60.20±3.81). Chin-lower facial height index was also greater in male (50.63±3.61) than female (49.64±4.04). Conclusion: Chinese male aged 20-22 have leptoprosop facial type and higher lower facial height and chin, whereas Chinese female aged 20-22 have mesoprosop facial type, higher facial height and wider mouth."

"本书内容包括：汉字和汉语、汉字的起源与发展、汉字与中国文化、汉字很科学、汉字很易学。"