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"In multi-storey steel frame structure, the requirements of lateral load resistance are very critical in the design. Shear wall, core wall and bracing system are commonly applied to resist the lateral loads. However for some case, due to the architechtural requirements, the design of unbraced frame which utilized only the stiffness of connections, columns and beams could not be avoided. As loads in unbraced frames are to be resisted by bending action of the frames's members without the need of a bracing system, the most common design approach is to use rigid joints. The objective of this paper is to compare the design of unbraced frames bending on major axis with rigid connections using S275 and S355. The frames were designed to satisfy the ultimate limit state and service limit state based on the BS 5950-1:2000. The limit of the sway-deflection is ht/300 for rigid connections. The analysis has shown better construction design for continuous with the total steel weight saving for frame design for frame design with steel S355 was up to 17% less than the frame design using steel S275."

"Properties of structural steels and effects of steelmaking and fabrication / Roger L. Brockenbrough -- Fabrication and erection / Thomas Schlafly -- Connections / Larry S. Muir, William A. Thornton -- Building codes, loads, and fire protection / Nestor R. Iwankiw -- Criteria for building design / Roger L. Brockenbrough -- Design of building members / Ali A. K. Haris, Kaise Haris -- Floor and roof systems / Daniel A. Cuoco -- Lateral-force design / Charles W. Roeder -- Cold-formed steel design / Roger L. Brockenbrough, R. A. Laboube -- Highway bridge design criteria / Dennis R. Mertz -- Railroad bridge design criteria / John f. Unsworth -- Beam and girder bridges / Mahir Sen, Alfred Hedefine, John Swindleehurst -- Truss bridges / John M. Kulicki, Betsy M. Reiner -- Arch bridges / Kenneth J. Wright, Matthew A. Bunner -- Cable-suspended bridges / Walter Podolny, David Goodyear."