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"ABSTRAKBelakangan ini fenomena intoleransi politik yang melibatkan identitas agama kembali menjadi marak di Indonesia. Beberapa penelitian sebelumnya mengonfirmasi kecenderungan hubungan fundamentalisme agama dan intoleransi, juga hubungannya dengan need for closure. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah membuktikan hubungan prediksi fundamentalisme terhadap intoleransi dengan menambahkan need for closure, spesifiknya fudamentalisme intratekstual, sebagai moderator. Penelitian dilakukan pada 723 mahasiswa Indonesia yang beragama Islam. Dengan menggunakan analisis linear regression, peneliti mendapatkan hasil signifikan fundamentalisme agama memprediksi intoleransi politik. Sedangkan analisis moderator menunjukkan fundamentalisme intratekstual tidak signifikan berpengaruh pada prediksi sebelumnya. Meski demikian, perlu penelitian lanjutan yang membahas hubungan ini lebih lanjut.

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ABSTRACTRecently, political intolerance phenomenon involving religious identity became popular in Indonesia. Many previous research confirmed that there is a relationship between religious fundamentalism and intolerance, also its relation with need for closure. The purpose of this research is to prove religious fundamentalism as predictor to intolerance with adding need for closure, specifically intratextual fundamentalism, as moderator. This research was conducted in 723 students in Indonesia that have Islam affiliation. With linear regression analysis, we saw significance of religious fundamentalism predicting intolerance. Whereas, moderator analysis showed no significant impact of intratextual fundamentalism toward previous prediction. Nevertheless, further research is needed to examine more about this relation."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah religious fundamentalism dapat memprediksi penurunan performa memori rekognisi mengenai kata moral-emosional bervalensi negatif pada Muslim di Indonesia dan sejauh mana right-wing authoritarian memoderasi hubungan negatif antara religious fundamentalism dan memori rekognisi jenis kata moral-emosional negatif. Total 121 warga negara Indonesia Muslim yang berusia 18-25 tahun (M = 20 tahun 9 bulan) berpartisipasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Islamic Fundamentalism (Putra & Sukabdi, 2014), untuk mengukur religious fundamentalism, dan right-wing authoritarianism scale untuk mengukur right-wing authoritarianism (Passini, 2017), sementara pengukuran akurasi memori menggunakan corrected recognition dari signal detection theory (Baddeley dkk., 2015). Analisis repeated measures menunjukkan bahwa jenis kata moral-emosional negatif memiliki akurasi yang lebih tinggi daripada jenis kata lainnya. Analisis moderasi dengan PROCESS menunjukkan bahwa efek negatif dari religious fundamentalism pada memori rekognisi jenis kata moral-emosional negatif dimoderasi oleh right-wing authoritarianism. Semua temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa pandangan politik yang ekstrem dapat menurunkan performa memori mengenai kata moral-emosional sehingga perlu dipertimbangkan untuk memahami mekanisme psikologis dari politik identitas agama serta pengaruhnya pada diseminasi pesan moral-emosional lewat kampanye maupun pidato-pidato politik yang disebarkan melalui media sosial.

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The purpose of this study to investigate the role of religious fundamentalism in predicting the decline of memory recognition for negative moral-emotional words in Indonesian Muslims and to investigate the role right-wing authoritarians as a moderator on the negative relationship between religious fundamentalism and the memory recognition for negative moral-emotional words. We recruited 121 Indonesian Muslim citizens aged 18-25 years to participate in the study. This study employed Islamic Fundamentalism (Putra & Sukabdi, 2014), to measure the level of religious fundamentalists, Right-Wing Authoritarianism Scale (Passini, 2017) to measure the level of right-wing authoritarianism, and corrected recognition as a measure for memory accuracy based on the signal detection theory (Baddeley et al., 2015) The repeated measures ANOVA analysis showed that participants remembered negative moral-emotional words with a higher level of accuracy than the accuracy levels of other types wordstype. The moderation analysis with PROCESS showed that the negative effect of religious fundamentalism on the memory recognition for negative moral-emotional words is significantly moderated by right-wing authoritarianism. These findings provide evidence on how extreme political views can impair memory for moral-emotional words, and thus, they should be considered to better understand the psychological mechanisms underlying religion-based politics and its effects on the dissemination of moral-emotional messages through campaigns and political speeches in social media."

"Penelitian ini merupakan studi kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara fundamentalisme agama dan intoleransi politik serta efek moderasi need for closure terhadap hubungan dua variabel tersebut. Fundamentalisme agama diprediksi memiliki hubungan positif dengan intoleransi politik di mana need for closure dapat memperkuat hubungan keduanya. Intoleransi politik diukur dengan Political Tolerance Scale yang dikembangkan oleh Mujani, Liddle, & Pepinsky (2018) sementara itu fundamentalisme agama diukur dengan Intratextual Fundamentalisme Scale yang diadaptasi oleh Muluk, Sumaktoyo dan Ruth (2013). Need for closure diukur dengan  Need for Closure Scale yang dikembangkan oleh Roets dan Van Hiel (2011) untuk mengukur kebutuhan keteraturan, prediktabilitas, ketegasan, menghindar dari ambiguitas, dan close mindedness. Responden penelitian ini adalah 211 orang masyarakat umum di Indonesia yang beragama Islam dan dijaring secara online. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fundamentalisme agama berkorelasi positif dan signifikan dengan intoleransi politik. Need for closure memiliki kontribusi sebagai moderator terhadap hubungan fundamentalisme agama dan intoleransi politik, khususnya ketika need for closure tinggi. Namun, tidak ditemukan peranan individual need for closure yang signifikan dalam menjelaskan intoleransi politik. Temuan ini menunjukkan pentingnya peran faktor kognitif dalam memahami agama dan sikap politik.

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This research is a quantitative study which aims to determine the relationship between religious fundamentalism and political intolerance with the moderating effect of need for closure on the relationship of these two variables. Religious fundamentalism is predicted to have a positive relationship with political intolerance where need for closure can strengthen the relationship between them. Political intolerance is measured by the Political Tolerance Scale developed by Mujani, Liddle, and Pepinsky (2018) while religious fundamentalism is measured by the Intratextual Scale Fundamentalism adapted by Muluk, Sumaktoyo and Ruth (2013). Need for closure is measured by Need for Closure Scale developed by Roets and Van Hiel (2011) to measure the needs of regularity, predictability, firmness, avoidance of ambiguity, and close mindedness. Respondents of this study were 211 people in the general public in Indonesia who are Muslim and netted online. The results showed that religious fundamentalism was positively and significantly correlated with political intolerance. Need for closure has a contribution as a moderator on the relationship between religious fundamentalism and political intolerance, especially when the need for closure is high. However, in terms of individual effect, there was no significant role for need for closure in explaining political intolerance. This finding shows the importance of the role of cognitive factors in understanding religion and political attitudes."

""Since the Second World War, Islam and politics have combined to form a potent force known as Islamic fundamentalism. This force has, in recent years, grabbed the headlines as a new and grave threat to the West. Beverley Milton-Edwards analyses the roots and emergence of the new Islamic movements and the main thinkers that inspired them." "Islamic Fundamentalism since 1945 provides an authoritative account of the causes and diversity of this modern phenomenon, which affects nations throughout the world."--BOOK JACKET.Contents1. A diverse tradition from past to present2. The advance of secularism : the decline of Islam?3. Identity and revivalism4. Islam armed : resistance in an ideological era5. Going global : fundamentalism and terror6. Ground zero and Islamic fundamentalism7. Conclusion."

"Contents - Acknowledgments - Glosary - About the contributors - Indonesia - 1. Introduction by Bernhard Platzdasch - 2. NU and Muhammadiyah: majority views on religious minorities in Indonesia by Robin Bush and Budhy Munawar-Rachman - 3. Islam, religious minorities, and the challenge of the blasphemy laws: a close look at the current liberal muslim discourse by Supriyanto Abdi - 4. Reading Ahmadiyah and discourses on freedom of religion in Indonesia by Andy Fuller - 5. Sanctions against popstars ... and politicians? Indonesia's 2008 pornography law and its aftermath by Helen Pausacker - 6. The inter-religious harmony forum, the ombudsman, and the state: resolving Church permit disputes in Indonesia? by Melissa Crouch - 7. In each other's shadow: building pentecostal Churches in muslim Java by En- Chieh Chao - 8. Christian-Muslim relations in post-conflict Ambon, Moluccas: adat, religion, and beyond by Birgit Bräuchler - 9. Chinese muslim cultural identities: possibilties and limitations of cosmopolitan Islam in Indonesia by Hew Wai Weng - 10. Majority and minority: preserving animist and mystical practices in far East Java by Nicholas Herriman - 11. An Abangan-like Group in a Santri Island: the religious identity of the Blater by Yanwar Pribadi - Malaysia - 12. Introduction by Johan Saravanamuttu - 13. Islamic praxis and theory: negotiating Orthodoxy in contemporary Malaysia by Gerhard Hoffstaedter - 14. Religious pluralism and cosmopolitanism at the city crossroads by Yeoh Seng Guan - 15. The Christian response to state-led Islamization in Malaysia by Chong Eu Choong - 16. The politics of Buddhist organizations in Malaysia by Tan Lee Ooi - 17. Hindraf as a response to Islamization in Malaysia by Arunajeet Kaur - 18. "Deviant" muslims: the plight of Shias in contemporary Malaysia by Norshahril Saat - 19. Being Christians in muslim-majority Malaysia: the Kelabit and Lun Bawang experiences in Sarawak by Poline Bala - 20. Everyday religiosity and the ambiguation of development in East Malaysia: reflections on a dam-construction and resettlement project by Liana Chua - Index "

"Tesis ini membahas transformasi identitas agama yang dilakukan oleh tokoh utama di dalam novel Maryam karya Okky Madasari (2013). Identitas agama dalam novel Maryam yaitu: Ahmadiyah dan Islam (Islam pada umumnya). Pemaknaan identitas agama dalam oposisi biner identitas agama benar dan identitas agama sesat, oleh pemuka agama dan aparatus negara, menyebabkan terjadinya konflik identitas agama. Transformasi identitas agama sebagai strategi bertahan tokoh Maryam dalam konflik identitas agama tersebut, dianalisis dengan berbagai konsep identitas: Hall (1999), Gilroy (1999) dan Woodward (1999).

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This thesis presents the transformation of religious identity performed by the main character in Okky Madasari?s work, Maryam (2013). Religious identities discussed in the novel namely: Ahmadiyah and Islam (Islam in general). Religious leaders and state apparatuses classify religious identities into righteous identity as opposed to deviant identity; such binary opposition leads to conflicts. Transformation of religious identity performed by Maryam as her strategy to survive in the conflicts is discussed with various identity concepts: Hall (1999), Gilroy (1999) and Woodward (1999)."