Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"A fully up-to-date, hands-on guide to electric motorsKeep electric motors running at peak performance! Electric Motor Maintenance and Troubleshooting, Second Edition explains in detail how all types of AC and DC motors work. Essential for anyone who needs to buy, install, troubleshoot, maintain, or repair small to industrial-size electric motors, this practical guide contains new information on three-phase motors along with coverage of the latest test instruments.Drawing on his more than 40 years of experience working with electric motors, expert author Augie Hand provides a wealth of tested procedures to pinpoint and correct any kind of issue. He?ll help you decide whether to replace a motor, take it offline for repair, or repair it in place--decisions that can reduce down time. End-of-chapter questions reinforce the material covered in the book. Quickly and accurately diagnose electric motor problems and find effective solutions with help from this fully updated classic.Electric Motor Maintenance and Troubleshooting, Second Edition covers: Troubleshooting and testing DC machines AC electric motor theory Single-phase motors Three-phase induction motors Troubleshooting less common motors, including synchronous, two-speed one-winding, and multispeed Test instruments and servicesMachine generated contents note: Chapter 1 The DC Machine -- Chapter 2 Troubleshooting and Testing the DC Machine -- Chapter 3 AC Electric Motor Theory -- Chapter 4 The Single-Phase Motor -- Chapter 5 Three-Phase Induction Motor -- Chapter 6 Dual-Voltage Nine-Lead Motor?s Internal Connections -- Chapter 7 Troubleshooting the Nine-Lead Motor -- Chapter 8 Troubleshooting Less Common Motors -- Chapter 9 Test Instruments and Services."

"Kendaraan bermesin diesel banyak digunakan di Indonesia. Kendaraan jenis ini mengeluarkan polutan terutama jelaga yang dapat direduksi dengan pemasangan katalitik konverter yang dapat mengkonversi jelaga menjadi CO2. Untuk mendapatkan katalitik konverter dengan ukuran yang optimum diperlukan model yang dapat mewakili profil konsentrasi jelaga, suhu konverter dan tekanan sepanjang konverter. Pada studi ini sebuah model untuk katalitik konveter pada kondisi adibatis menggunakan persamaan kinetika yang telah dipublikasikan sebelumnya. Penyelesaian terhadap model yang dikembangkan menggunakan program Polumath 5.X dan metode Runga Kutta.Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa terjadi kenaikan suhu sepanjang konverter dengan berkurangnya berat jelaga, sementara itu tekanan sepanjang konverter mengalami penurunan. Kenaikan berat jelaga di gas masuk konverter meningkatkan kebutuhan panjang konverter. Sebaliknya, kenaikan diameter katalis partikel tidak mempengaruhi berat jelaga sepanjang konverter dan suhu tetapi menghasilkan penurunan tekanan. Untuk mesin diesel 2500CC diperlukan sebuah katalitik konverter jenis packed bed berpenampang berbentuk elip dengan diagonal 14,5X7,5 cm dan diamater katalis 0,8 cm sepanjang 4,1cm.

---

Modelling and Simulation of Packed Bed Catalytic Converter for Oxidation of Soot in Diesel Powered Vehicles Flue Gas. Diesel vehicle is used in Indonesia in very big number. This vehicle exhausts pollutants especially diesel soot that can be reduces by using a catalytic converter to convert the soot to CO2. To obtain the optimal dimension of catalytic converter it is needed a model that can represent the profile of soot weight, temperature and pressure along the catalytic converter. In this study, a model is developed for packed bed catalytic converter in an adiabatic condition based on a kinetic study that has been reported previously. Calculation of developed equations in this model uses Polymath 5.X solver with Range Kutta Method.

The simulation result shows that temperature profile along catalytic converter increases with the decrease of soot weight, while pressure profile decreases. The increase of soot weight in entering gas increases the needed converter length. On the other hand, the increase of catalyst diameter does not affect to soot weight along converter and temperature profile, but results a less pressure drop. For 2.500 c diesel engine, packed bed catalytic converter with ellipse?s cross sectional of 14,5X7,5 cm diagonal and 0,8 cm catalyst particle diameter, needs 4,1 cm length."

"Pemenuhan kebutuhan bahan bakar dilakukan dengan aktivitas impor bahan bakar yang menyebabkan defisit pada current account. Indonesia juga berkomitmen untuk ikut serta dalam pembatasan kenaikan suhu rata-rata global di Conference of Parties (COP) 21 dengan menurunkan emisi karbon sebesar 29% dengan usaha sendiri. Produksi Renewable diesel menggunakan teknologi hydrotreatment dengan bahan baku 100% bio-oil dan co-processing dengan bahan baku 50% bio-oil. Kapasitas produksi pada simulasi ini yaitu teknologi hydrotreatment sebesar 1,9 juta ton pertahun dan co-processing 633.600 ton pertahun dengan by-products LPG 297.840 ton pertahun, naphta 316.800 ton pertahun, dan bensin 617.700 ton pertahun. Biaya investasi atau CAPEX hydrotreatment dan co-processing masing-masing 1.198.000.000 USD dan 2.159.290.000 USD. Biaya operasional atau OPEX hydrotreatment dan co-processing masing-masing 1.612.800.000 USD dan 1.097.000.000 USD. NPV selama 25 tahun sebesar USD 18.779.951.443 dan USD 19.268.377.636. Internal rate of return hydrotreatment dan co-processing masing-masing 42% dan 32%. Biaya pokok produksi hydrotreatment dan co-processing masing-masing 68 USD/MJ dan 54 USD/MJ. Teknologi hydrotreatment dengan bahan baku 100% bio-oil lebih sensitif terhadap parameter bahan baku dan harga produk, sedangkan teknologi co-processing lebih sensitive terhadap parameter biaya operasional. Pelaksanaan produksi renewable diesel perlu memperhatikan sensitivitas parameter-parameter tersebut.

---

Fulfillment of fuel needs is carried out with fuel import activities that cause a current account deficit. Indonesia is also committed to participating in limiting global average temperature increases at Conference of Parties (COP) 21 by reducing carbon emissions by 29% on its own. Renewable diesel production using hydrotreatment technology with 100% bio-oil raw material and co-processing with 50% bio-oil raw material. The production capacity of hydrotreatment is 1.9 million tons per year and co-processing 633.600 tons per year with by-products LPG 297.840 tons per year, naphta 316.800 tons per year, and gasoline 617.700 tons per year. Investment costs or CAPEX hydrotreatment and co-processing are 1.198.000.000 USD and 2.159.290.000 USD, respectively. Operational costs or OPEX of hydrotreatment and co-processing are 1.612.800.000 USD and 1.097.000.000 USD, respectively. NPV for 25 years amounted to USD 18.779.951.443 and USD 19.268.377.636. Internal rate of return hydrotreatment and co-processing are 42% and 32%, respectively. The levelized cost of energy of hydrotreatment and co-processing are 68 USD/MJ and 54 USD/MJ, respectively. Hydrotreatment technology with 100% bio-oil raw material is more sensitive to raw material parameters and product prices, while co-processing technology is more sensitive to operational cost parameters. The implementation of renewable diesel production needs to consider the sensitivity of these parameters.

"