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"Are international courts effective tools for international governance? Do they fulfill the expectations that led to their creation and empowerment? Why do some courts appear to be more effective than others, and do so such appearances reflect reality? Could their results have been produced by other mechanisms? This book evaluates the effectiveness of international courts and tribunals by comparing their stated goals to the actual outcomes they achieve. Using a theoretical model borrowed from social science, the book assesses their effectiveness by analysing key empirical data."

"The drafters of the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) have left behind a lacunaein terms of the regulations concerning Biodiversity in the Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction(BBNJ). As living organisms are found in the deep seabed in areas beyond national jurisdiction,as well as the utilization of marine genetic resources beyond national jurisdiction for commercialpurposes, States are currently deliberating on the proper regime in dealing with the managementand exploitation of the biodiversity. Some States argue that Part XI UNCLOS applies hence BBNJis also part of the Common Heritage of Mankind. On the other hand, some States believe that PartVII UNCLOS applies which will allow individual States to exploit the resources in accordance withthe principle of the freedom of the high seas. Since 2004, the UN General Assembly has establisheda Working Group to discuss the issue. Indonesia as a Party to UNCLOS which in general advocatesthe importance of the rule of law in the oceans has the interest that the discussion in the UNwill allow developing countries, including Indonesia, to enjoy the result of the exploration andexploitation of non-mineral resources at the bottom of the ocean."

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Dalam situasi di mana terdapat sebuah badan hukum asing yang menjadi pihak dalam perkara di Pengadilan Indonesia, muncul apa pertanyaan Pengadilan Indonesia tersebut memiliki kewenangan untuk mengadili sengketa tersebut. Permasalahan ini berkaitan dengan hukum acara perdata Indonesia dan hukum acara perdata internasional di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan metode yurisdis normatif, maka penerapan kewenangan lembaga peradilan Indonesia terhadap badan hukum asing akan dikaji dalam Pengadilan Negeri Malang No.79/Pdt.G/2014/PN.Mlg, Pengadilan Tinggi DKI Jakarta 348/Pdt/2018/PT DKI dan Putusan Mahkamah Agung 1142 K/Pdt/2019.

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In cases where a foreign legal entity is a party in a dispute in Indonesian courts, the question arises of whether or not the Indonesian court has jurisdiction over the case. This is an issue related to Indonesian civil procedure and international civil procedure. In this thesis, using a normative legal method, the jurisdiction of the Indonesian courts towards foreign legal entities will be analyzed in the decisions by Pengadilan Negeri Malang No. 79/Pdt.G/2014/PN.Mlg, Pengadilan Tinggi DKI Jakarta No. 348/Pdt/2018/PT DKI dan Putusan Mahkamah Agung 1142 K/Pdt/2019.

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