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"Aliran debris merupakan suatu tipe gerakan sedimen dengan jumlah banyak, yang terjadipada waktu gunung api meletus atau dalam bahasa Indonesia disebut aliran lahar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan suatu percobaan untuk menentukan karakteristik aliran di atas dasar saluran tetap dan bergerak yang mendekati sifat aliran debris. Beberapa parameter aliran diperiksa dengan maksud untuk mengetahui situasi aliran dan juga gaya geser aliran terhadap partikel dapat ditinjau. Jadi hubungan antara besarnya konsentrasi sedimen dengan kedalaman aliran dan diameter partikel serta gaya gesek diatas dasar saluran dapat diketahui. Khususnya gaya seret butiran yang bekerja pada suatu tiang telah diukur untuk menentukan koeflsien kekasaran aliran debris yang menyerupai tipe aliran di lapangan. Akhirnya parameter-parameter karakteristik aliran yang telah diukur, itu dapat dibandingkan dengan satu sama lainnya.

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Debris flow as a type of massive sub-aerial sediment motion, which occurs at the time of volcanic eruptions is sometimes called lahar, in Indonesian term. The purpose of this study is to develop an experiment for determining the flow characteristics on fixed and movable beds, which close to real debris flow. The parameters governing the flow situation are examined, and the frictional drag of the flow on the particles was considered. In particular there is an understanding of the relationships between concentration, flow depth and particles diameter, and friction force on a bed. Special drag force on a pile was measured to investigate friction coefficient of debris flow as typical problem. The flow characteristics parameters were measured for comparison."

"ABSTRAKResearch in public management (PM) has run into two obstacles. In western countries, shcolars complain that PM research neglects big questions about the overall design of government and its adaptation to new threats. Meanwhile, asian scholars complain about the western-centrism of PM research and its failure to account for the world's 195 states face the common challenge of devising a strategy for governing their territory and population that will achieve security, prosperity, and justice. These "strategies for governing" vary between countries and over time, as leaders wrestle with contradictions among goals, uncertainty about tactics, turbulent environmental condition, and sticky cultural and institutional inheritances. This is a macro approach to PM research that provides a framework for addressing big questions about governance while overcoming the western-centric bias of current scholarship. "

"When comparing the laws of different jurisdictions, one often sees only the forest or the trees. This is particularly problematic in comparative company law, where students hope both to understand the overall framework of the law and grasp its practical application. This text's structure, now in its second edition, solves that dilemma. Chapters open with discursive analyses of the law in each of Germany, the UK and the US (Delaware, the ABA Model Business Corporation Act, and federal securities laws) and set out the high-level governing framework, particularly for the EU and its member states. This analysis is succinct and pointed, with numerous references to both the law and leading scholarship. The whole text is arranged to highlight comparative aspects. Diagrams are used where helpful. Chapters close with edited judicial decisions from at least two of the jurisdictions discussed, which allows fresh exploration of comparison in more detail, and pointed questions to guide class discussion."