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"Tulisan ini membahas ketimpangan multispesies yang terjadi pada tiga lanskap antroposen di Kampung Laut, Kabupaten Cilacap, Jawa Tengah. Sejak perubahannya dari perairan menjadi daratan sedimentasi, ekosistem alam Kampung Laut menghadirkan lanskap mangrove, sawah sedimentasi, dan kebun Nusakambangan. Lanskap-lanskap itu menawarkan daya tarik bagi petani untuk bercocoktanam maupun pelaku industri untuk berinvestasi. Namun, ini berpotensi menjadi magnet ketimpangan sosial-ekologis antarpetani maupun antarspesies non-manusia. Pendekatan antroposen tambal sulam (patchy anthropocene) menawarkan analisis terhadap struktur yang tersemat pada lanskap antroposen dengan fokus pada ketimpangan sosial yang nampak pada aktivitas manusianya. Berbeda dari studi kepingan antroposen yang pernah ada, tulisan ini mengeksplorasi struktur yang tersemat di antara lanskap-lanskap antroposen yang menimbulkan ketimpangan multispesies. Tulisan ini mengumpulkan data melalui teknik pengamatan terlibat, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi visual. Tulisan ini berargumentasi bahwa akumulasi kekerabatan dan mode kapital lingkungan pada pengelolaan lanskap-lanskap antroposen menghasilkan ketimpangan yang multispesies. Kekerabatan dan kapitalisasi spesies adalah struktur lanskap utama yang memberikan akses berupa modal sosial-ekonomi kepada petani tertentu sekaligus memungkinkannya mengontrol petani lainnya, sementara akses itu juga dikontrol oleh konstruksi global tentang krisis iklim. Rezim karbon menempatkan mangrove sebagai lanskap sekaligus spesies non-manusia yang mendominasi mode produksi sekaligus memicu ketimpangan multispesies terhadap lanskap sawah sedimentasi dan kebun Nusakambangan yang berlangsung secara tumpang tindih dalam proses antroposen di Kampung Laut.

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This paper discusses the multispecies inequality that occur in three anthropocene landscapes in Kampung Laut, Cilacap Regency, Central Java. Since its transformation from water to sedimentation land, Kampung Laut's natural ecosystems have featured mangrove landscapes, sedimentation rice fields, and Nusakambangan gardens. These landscapes offer an attraction for farmers to cultivate and industry players to invest. However, this has the potential to become a magnet for social-ecological inequality between farmers and non-human species. The patchy Anthropocene approach offers an analysis of the structures embedded in anthropocene landscapes with a focus on the social inequalities evident in human activities. Unlike previous patchy anthropocene studies, this paper explores the embedded structures among anthropocene landscapes which results in multispecies inequalities. It collects data through the techniques of participant observation, in-depth interviews, and visual documentation. This paper argues that the accumulation of kinship and environmental capital modes in the management of anthropocene landscapes results in multispecies inequality. Kinship and species capitalization are the landscape structures that provide access to socio-economic capital to certain farmers while allowing them to control others, while that access is also controlled by global constructions of the climate crisis. The carbon regime positions mangroves as both a landscape and a non-human species that dominates modes of production and triggers multispecies inequalities in the overlaying landscapes of sedimented rice fields and Nusakambangan gardens in the anthropocene of Kampung Laut."

"Ketidakadilan gender pada perempuan dan laki-laki sering terjadi di masyarakat. Ketidakadilan gender ini juga terjadi terhadap perempuan Papua dalam novel Isinga. Hal ini disebabkan karena budaya Papua yang menganut budaya patriarki. Bentuk-bentuk ketidakadilan gender yang terjadi dalam novel ini, yaitu marginalisasi, subordinasi, stereotip, kekerasan, dan beban ganda. Kelima ketidakadilan gender tersebut saling berhubungan antara satu dengan yang lainnya. Dari kelima ketidakadilan gender tersebut yang paling mendominasi adalah beban ganda dan kekerasan.

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Gender inequality in women and men often occurs in community. Gender inequality also happens to women in Papua, as told in the novel Isinga. This is due to the patriarchal culture being adopted in Papuan culture. Types of gender inequality that can be found in this novel are marginalization, subordination, stereotype, violence, and double burden. All five of them are correlated with each other. The most pronounce gender inequality being double burden and violence."

"Japan was the first Asian country to become a mature industrial society, and throughout the 1970s and the 1980s, was viewed as an ‘all-middle-class society’. However since the 1990s there have been growing doubts as to the real degree of social equality in Japan, particularly in the context of dramatic demographic shifts as the population ages whilst fertility levels continue to fall.This book compares Japan with America, Britain, Italy, France, Germany, Sweden and Taiwan in order to determine whether inequality really is a social problem in Japan. With a focus on impact demographic shifts, Sawako Shirahase examines female labour market participation, income inequality among households with children, the state of the family, generational change, single person households and income distribution among the aged, and asks whether increasing inequality and is uniquely Japanese, or if it is a social problem common across all of the societies included in this study. Crucially, this book shows that Japan is distinctive not in terms of the degree of inequality in the society, but rather, in how acutely inequality is perceived. Further, the data shows that Japan differs from the other countries examined in terms of the gender gap in both the labour market and the family, and in inequality among single-person households – single men and women, including lifelong bachelors and spinsters – and also among single parent households, who pay a heavy price for having deviated from the expected pattern of life in Japan.Drawing on extensive empirical data, this book will be of great interest to students and scholars interested in Japanese culture and society, Japanese studies and social policy more generally."