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"Belum sempurnanya kerja organ pada bayi prematur membuat pemantauan kinerja organ vital sangat penting dilakukan, salah satu organ tersebut yang harus dipantau adalah pernapasan. Pada penelitian ini dikembangkan perangkat pemantau respirasi bayi prematur dalam inkubator Neonatal Intensive Care Unit NICU dengan memanfaatkan serat optik. Sensor bekerja berdasarkan prinsip rugi daya akibat macro bending pada serat optik. Rugi daya tersebut dapat diperoleh dengan cara melengkungkan serat optik dalam jumlah tertentu. Serat optik diintegrasikan pada bahan lentur yang ditempelkan pada permukaan atas popok sekali pakai di bagian abdomen bayi. Selanjutnya bahan lentur tersebut akan meregang dan mengendur seiring dengan pergerakan napas bayi. Perubahan regangan tersebut berdampak pada perubahan intesitas cahaya yang merambat di dalam serat optik. Selanjutnya cahaya keluaran dari sensor akan diterima fotodioda. Keluaran fotodioda berupa sinyal listrik selanjutnya diolah oleh rangkaian pengkondisi sinyal. Arduino UNO digunakan untuk mengubah sinyal analog yang dihasilkan rangkaian pengkondisi sinyal menjadi sinyal digital dan dengan bantuan visual basic, data digital tersebut akan ditampilkan pada layar monitor. Perangkat juga dilengkapi dengan modul GSM sebagai penyedia fitur layanan pesan singkat SMS untuk pengiriman data tingkat pernapasan secara periodik, serta jika terjadi apnea pada bayi ke telepon selular.Dari pengujian perangkat, untuk skala laboratorium menggunakan ventilator sebagai simulator pernapasan ditunjukkan bahwa perangkat dapat menghitung tingkat pernapasan dari 10-100 napas per menit breath per minute/BPM secara real time dan kontinu, dengan tingkat keakurasian 99,75.

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Rudimentary work of organs in premature infants make monitoring the performance of vital organs is very important. One of the most important organ that must be monitored is respiratory. In this research we developed a premature infant respiratory monitoring device in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit NICU incubator by utilizing optical fiber. Sensor work based on the principle of power losses due to macro bending on optical fibers. The power losses can be obtained by bending the fiber optic. Sensor of the optical fiber bending with certain curve diameter that integrated into flexible materials affixed to the top surface of disposable diapers in the infant's abdomen. Furthermore, the bending material will stretch and loosen with the movement of the infant's respiratory. The strain changes affect the light intensity received by the photodiode propagating inside the optical fiber which is then received by the photodiode to be converted into an electrical signal and processed by the signal conditioning circuit.

The Arduino UNO is used to convert the analog signals generated by the signal conditioning circuit to a digital signal using the visual basic program, then the digital data is displayed on the monitor screen. The device also equipped with a GSM module as a feature provider of short messege service SMS for periodic transmission of respiratory rate data as well as in case of apnea in infants to the mobile phone.From the experiment results for laboratory scale using ventilator as breathing simulator, showed that the device can calculate respiration rate from 10 100 breath per minute BPM in real time, with 99.75 of accuracy level."

"Penelitian kekuatan material komposit berpenguat serat pisang abaca untuk aplikasi badan kapal adalah sebuah pembahasan ilmiah yang menarik untuk mendapatkan alternative komposit yang baru yang dapat diaplikasikan untuk membangun kapal. Serat alam diaplikasikan sebagai penguat dengan resin epoxy. Serat alam sendiri memiliki keunikan dari segi karakteristik mekaniknya dan ketersediaannya yang berlimpah. Dari keunikannya tersebut perlu dilakukan penelitian yang serius. Penelitian kali ini dilakukan untuk melihat karakteristik mekanik dan mengevaluasi penggunaan komposit berpenguat serat alam dengan orientasi multidirectional (0/90/_45). Sampel di siapkan dan dibagi sesuai dengan fraksi volumenya. Adapun uji ynag dilakukan meliputi uji tarik dan uji lentur yang duji di laboaratorium untuk melihat kekuatan tarik, modulus tarik, kekuatan lentur dan modulus lenturnya pada fraksi volume 0,2 dan 0,3. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa Komposit Abaca memiliki nilai terdekat dengan nilai yang ada pada peraturan BKI, Lloyd Register, dan Germanischer Lloyd. Dari hasil test lentur didapat nilai kekuatan lentur sebesar 139,26 MPa dan nilai modulus lentur sebesar 7567,8 MPa ketika fraksi volume fiber 0,3. Tetapi nilai dari kekuatan tarik hanya 28,38 MPa atau sepertiga dari nilai yang ada diperaturan. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara Modulus Young dengan kenaikan fraksi volume fiber.

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The research on the strength of Abaca natural fiber reinforced composite for Ship Hull Consruction is an interesting subject to get a new composite material which can be applied for boat bilding. Natural fiber is used to as reinforcement mixed with matrix resin epoxy. Abaca Natural Fiber has self uniques mechanical properties and widely avalaible. Based on it's research is carried out. These research is done to observe mechanical characteristic and to evaluate the application of reinforced Abaca composite which have multidirectional (0/90/_45). Orientation.The specimen were prepared and crested with the variation of fraction volume. The observation test includes tensile and flexural testing and tested in the laboratory for its Tensile Strength, Modulus Tensile of Elasticity, Flexural Strength and the Modulus Flexural of Elasticity with fiber orientation at 0,2 and 0,3 fiber fraction volume.

The results showed that Abaca Composite have the nearest value with the value from BKI, Lloyd Register, and Germanischer Lloyd. From flexural test, the Flexural Strength of composit Abaca is 139,26 MPa and Modulus Flexural Of Elasticity is 7567,8 MPa. when the fraction volume 0,3.But the value of Tensile Strength only 28,38 MPa or about one third of the rules. The results showed that there are relationship between increasing the fiber volume fraction with Young's Modulus at different fiber orientation."

"Smart Material Systems: Model Development describes several novel applications currently under investigation that exploit the unique actuator and sensor capabilities of smart material compounds. In addition to present and projected applications, this book provides comprehensive coverage of both linear and nonlinear modeling techniques necessary to characterize materials in a manner that facilitates transducer design and control development. The author focuses on ferroelectric, magnetic, and shape memory compounds and also addresses applications exploiting amorphous and ionic polymers, magnetorheological compounds, and fiber optic sensors. Three classes of nonlinear models are discussed, all of which provide unified characterization frameworks for the broad class of combined compounds. An extensive discussion of structural models based on linear and nonlinear constitutive models is included, as is a chapter on numerical techniques for approximating solutions to the structural systems. The author also provides a synergistic treatment of material characterization, including significant discussion of the physics underlying nonlinear behavior, the development of nonlinear constitutive relations, the development of system models based on these constitutive relations, and the formulation of numerical techniques for approximating solutions to the resulting system models. To aid the understanding of both mathematical and physical terminology, an extensive glossary of terms is provided in an appendix. Furthermore, MATLAB software for representative models is provided at an accompanying website."