Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Telah dilakukan pengukuran entrance surface dose (ESD) secara langsung menggunakan thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) pada jenis penyinaran dada thorax (chest). Data diperoleh dari 71 pasien di tiga rumah sakit (A, B dan C) yang menggunakan sistem pencitraan computed radiography (CR) Kodak. ESD ditentukan pula dengan metoda kalkulasi berdasarkan beberapa parameter pada pengukuran secara langsung. Metoda pengukuran lainnya juga dilakukan dengan menggunakan TLD pada objek radiasi berupa phantom dada buatan sendiri. Penelitian ini diawali dengan beberapa pengukuran parameter seperti kVp, HVL dan tube output untuk mengetahui performa pesawat sinar-X. Pengukuran ESD pada phantom dan penentuan ESD metoda kalkulasi dilakukan pada kondisi penyinaran yang dibuat sama dengan kondisi penyinaran untuk pengukuran ESD pasien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai ESD thorax (PA) rata-rata di tiga rumah sakit berbeda secara signifikan. Hasil penelitian ESD thorax (PA) mendapatkan nilai ?faktor konversi metoda phantom? sebesar 0.874 sementara nilai ESD hasil perhitungan tidak berbeda signifikan dengan ESD pasien dengan penyimpangan maksimum sebesar ± 12 %.

---

Entrance surface dose (ESD) measurements have been carried out for chest examinations by means of thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD). Data were collected from 71 patients at three hospitals (A, B, and C) which have been provided with Kodak computed radiography (CR). Based on exposure measurement parameters, ESD from these examinations was also calculated. An alternative method of measurement has been done with home-made chest phantom.

This work was initiated with measurements of X-ray tube parameters (kVp, HVL, tube output) to check equipment performance. Phantom-based measurement was set with the same exposure conditions as for patient measurements. The same exposure condition was also used in the calculation method. The results indicate that the ESD averages from chest examination (PA) at three hospitals were vary widely. Phantom-based conversion factor for ESD chest PA was found to be 0.874, whereas ESD from calculation is not differ significantly from the patient-ESD with maximum deviation ± 12 %."

"ABSTRAKDengan menggunakan TLD dan dosimeter dioda EDD - 53G, telah diukur dosisorgan kritis mata, tiroid, medula spinalis , dan gonad pada berbagai perlakuanradioterapi dengan sinar X 6 MV. Pengukuran dilakukan pada fantom rando yangdiberi simulasi perlakuan radioterapi dengan berbagai jenis kanker, utamanya kankernasofaring. Perencanaan simulasi terapi 3 D dilakukan dengan TPS ISIS berdasarkandata hasil pengamatan pada beberapa pasien kanker nasofaring yang telah menjalaniradioterapi di RSPAD. Perlakuan diberikan dengan 2 lapangan plan parallel dan teknikSAD (source axis distance), ukuran lapangan radiasi 18.5 x 17 cm2, dosis preskripsi 2Gy/fraksi. Sesuai dengan perlakuan pada pasien, kemudian lapangan diperkecil untukmelindungi medulla spinalis, menjadi 9 x 16 cm2. Dengan cara yang sama, dosis organkritis ditentukan dari simulasi radioterapi kanker paru, tulang bahu, abdomen, pelvisdan tulang paha. Perencanaan setiap perlakuan diakukan berdasarkan data seorangpasien yang telah menjalani radioterpi di RSPAD . Pada umumnya dosis organ kritisyang berjarak 0 – 4 cm dari tepi lapangan berbeda dengan hasil kalkulasi TPS sampai61% bila diukur dengan TLD, dan berbeda sampai 80% bila diukur dengan diode.Untuk organ yang terletak relatif lebih jauh dari tepi lapangan radiasi, hasil pengukurandengan kedua dosimeter menunjukkan hasil sama, berbeda sampai lebih 100% dengankalkulasi TPS. Dosis pada pasien 5000 cGy, maka mata menerima dosis mencapai 209cGy pada perlakukan kanker nasofaring dan mencapai 400 cGy pada perlakukan kankerotak. Organ kritis tiroid dimungkinkan menerima dosis dari perlakuan kanker paru,kanker nasofaring, dan kanker tulang bahu, berturut turut mencapai 284 cGy, 192 cGy,dan 312 cGy. Organ kritis Gonad pada perlakuan radioterapi kanker abdomen menerimadosis sebesar 524 cGy dan kanker sarkoma tulang paha mencapai 372 cGy.

---

ABSTRACTBy using TLD and diode dosimeter EDD - 53G, critical organ doses weremeasured eye, thyroid, spinal cord, and gonads at various radiotherapy treatment with 6MV X-rays. Measurements were taken at rando phantom given radiotherapy treatmentsimulations with various types of cancer, especially nasopharyngeal cancer. 3 Dtreatment planning simulations performed with ISIS TPS based observed data on someof nasopharyngeal cancer patients who had undergone radiotherapy in the armyhospital. Treatment was given with 2 field parallel plan and technique of SAD (sourcedistance axis), the radiation field size 18.5 x 17 cm2, prescription dose 2 Gy / fraction.In accordance with the patient's treatment, then the field is reduced to protect the spinalcord, at 9 x 16 cm2. In the same way, the dose of the critical organ is determined fromthe simulation radiotherapy of lung cancer, bone shoulder, abdomen, pelvis and femur.Planning any transactions are carried out based on the data treatment of a patient whohad undergone radiotherapy at the RSPAD. In general, the critical organ dose within 0-4cm from the edge of the field in contrast to the results of calculations TPS to 61% whenmeasured with the TLD, and vary up to 80% when measured with the diode. For anorgan that is located relatively far from the edge of the radiation field, with bothdosimeter measurements showed similar results, approximately over 100% differentfrom the TPS calculations. The dose given to patient at 5000 cGy, the eyes receiveddose until 209 cGy at simulation nasofaring cancer and until 400 cGy at simulationbrain cancer. Critical organs received doses of thyroid possible treatment of lung cancer,nasofaring cancer, and shoulder bone cancer, the dose received in a row to reach 284cGy, 192 cGy, and 312 cGy. Gonad organ critical in the abdomen cancer radiotherapytreatment received a dose of 524 cGy and bone sarcoma cancer at 372 cGy."

"Dalam mendapatkan hasil pencitraan Kedokteran Nuklir yang baik adalah didukung dengan instrumen dengan performa yang baik yaitu sesuai dengan standar mutu alat tersebut. Untuk menjaga agar performa instrumen tetap bekerja secara optimal harus dilakukan uji secara berkala dengan protokol uji yang tepat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji kualitas citra kamera gamma dengan fantom IEC 61675-2 dan membuat protokol pengujianya meliputi pengujian resolusi radial, resolusi tangensial dan scatter fraction. Pengujian resolusi radial dan resolusi tangensial dilakukan menggunakan sumber titik sedangkan untuk pengujian scatter fraction menggunakan sumber garis. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil rerata FWHM untuk resolusi radial 14,08, pada resolusi tangensial 10,21 mm. Untuk pengujian scatter fraction didapatkan hasil 0,042 dengan prosentase hamburan 4,2%.

---

In order to achieve an optimal scanned image of nuclear medicine device, a good instrument with proper performance which is consistent with its standard quality is required. Furthermore, suitable and periodic protocol test is also a good requirement so that the instrument can extend its maximum performance.In order to Achieve an optimal scanned image of nuclear medicine devices, a good instrument with proper roomates performance is consistent with its standard quality is required.

This research was conducted to test the image quality of gamma cameras with phantom IEC 61675-2 and make protocol includes testing radial resolution, tangential resolution and scatter fraction. Test of tangential and radial resolution made using a point source, while for test Scatter fraction using a line source. From this research, the results of the mean FWHM for the radial resolution 14.08 mm and 10.21 mm in tangential resolution. test Scatter fraction obtained scattering percentage of 4.2%."

"ABSTRAKSampai sekarang mamografi merupakan program skrining utama untuk deteksi dinikanker payudara khususnya untuk kaum wanita, akan tetapi pemberian informasitentang dosis yang diterima pasien masih jarang dilakukan. Padahal payudaramerupakan salah satu organ sensitif terhadap radiasi pengion karena mampumenginduksi kanker. Sehingga perlu dilakukan estimasi dosis pasien padapemeriksaan mamografi untuk mengetahui nilai dosis yang diterima oleh payudara.Estimasi dosis dilakukan dengan menggunakan perhitungan Mean Glandular Dose(MGD) pada mamografi Computed Radiography (CR). Dengan melakukan koreksiterhadap kualitas citra pada prosentase (%) glandularity, yaitu prosentase (%)glandularity 25-49% dan 1-24%. Nilai prosentase (%) glandularity dievaluasi olehradiolog. Dari hasil estimasi didapatkan total rerata MGD pada seluruh proyeksipemeriksaan payudara 1,65 mGy pada rerata ketebalan kompresi 48,85 mm. MGDyang diperoleh masih di bawah limit berdasarkan rekomendasi FDA, ACR danMQSA yaitu < 3 mGy per eksposi pada ketebalan 45 mm. MGD dipengaruhi olehkombinasi antara ketebalan kompresi, kV, HVL dan prosentase (%) glandularity.

---

ABSTRACTCurrently, mammography is the primary screening program for breast cancer earlydetection for women, but information about the doses received by patient are stillrare. Breast is a sensitive organ to ionizing radiation since it can include cancer.Therefore it is necessary to estimate the patient dose during mammographyexaminations. Estimated doses calculations were performed using in term of meanglandular dose (MGD) using Mammography Computed Radiography (CR). Imagequality correction was done based on the most frequent percentage (%) glandularityfrom all samples, which are 25-45% and 1-24% glandularity. Percentage (%)glandularity was evaluated by radiologist. Estimated of total average MGD all offprojection at the breast examination 1,65 mGy on the mean compression of thickness48,85 mm. Mean Glandular Dose obtained during measurement are still underrecommendation of the FDA, ACR and MSQA which is < 3 mGy per eksposure.From measurement and calculation, the MGD is influenced by compression ofthickness, kV, HVL and percentage (%) glandularity."

"[Studi ini telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dari EPID dosimetri yang digunakan sebagai verifikasi pasien IMRT dan VMAT. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan membandingkan indeks gamma dari hasil verifikasi 5 pasien brain, 5 pasien cervix, 5 pasien kepala dan leher serta 5 pasien paru menggunakan EPID dosimetri dengan MatriXX 2D array pada dua Linac yang berbeda di instalasi radioterapi MRCCC SHS dan Siloam Hospital TBS. Dari penelitian ini dihasilkan nilai indeks gamma untuk kasus IMRT di MRCCC 99.59% ± 0.46 untuk EPID dosimetri dan 99.13% ± 0.75 untuk MatriXX 2D array, sedangkan di Siloam Hospital TBS 99.8% ± 0.20 untuk EPID dosimetri dan 99.71% ± 0.14 untuk MatriXX 2D array. Pada kasus VMAT di MRCCC 97.71% ± 1.27 untuk EPID dosimetri dan 99.50% ± 0.39 untuk MatriXX 2D array, sedangkan di SiloamHospital TBS 97.78% ± 1.45 untuk EPID dosimetri dan 98.66% ± 1.26 untuk MatriXX 2D array. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah perbedaan antara EPID dosimetri dan MatriXX 2D array di kedua rumah sakit menunjukan nilai kurang dari 1% untuk kasus IMRT dan kurang dari 2% untuk kasus VMAT.

---

This work was aimed to study the characteristics of EPID dosimetry in use as patient specific QA for IMRT and VMAT. We compare result of gamma index from patient specific QA with each 5 cases of brain, cervix, head and neck, lung

using EPID dosimetry and MatriXX 2D array in two different linacs at MRCCC SHS and Siloam Hospital TBS. Calculated gamma index from IMRT case in MRCCC SHS ware 99.59% ± 0.46 for EPID dosimetry and 99.13% ± 0.75 for MatriXX 2D array, meanwhile at Siloam Hospital TBS the calculated gamma index were 99.8% ± 0.20 for EPID dosimetry and 99.71% ± 0.14 for MatriXX 2D array.Gamma index from VMAT cases in MRCCC were 97.71% ± 1.27 for EPID dosimetry and 99.50% ± 0.39 for MatriXX 2D array, and in Siloam Hospital TBS the value were 97.78% ± 1.45 for EPID dosimetry and 98.66% ± 1.26 for MatriXX 2D array. We conclude that the difference between EPID dosimetry and Matrixx 2D arrays at two hospitals were less than 1% and less than 2% for IMRT and VMAT cases, respectively. This work was aimed to study the characteristics of EPID dosimetry in use as patient specific QA for IMRT and VMAT. We compare result of gamma index from patient specific QA with each 5 cases of brain, cervix, head and neck, lung using EPID dosimetry and MatriXX 2D array in two different linacs at MRCCC SHS and Siloam Hospital TBS. Calculated gamma index from IMRT case in MRCCC SHS ware 99.59% ± 0.46 for EPID dosimetry and 99.13% ± 0.75 for

MatriXX 2D array, meanwhile at Siloam Hospital TBS the calculated gamma index were 99.8% ± 0.20 for EPID dosimetry and 99.71% ± 0.14 for MatriXX 2D array.Gamma index from VMAT cases in MRCCC were 97.71% ± 1.27 for EPID dosimetry and 99.50% ± 0.39 for MatriXX 2D array, and in Siloam Hospital TBS the value were 97.78% ± 1.45 for EPID dosimetry and 98.66% ± 1.26 for MatriXX 2D array. We conclude that the difference between EPID dosimetry and Matrixx 2D arrays at two hospitals were less than 1% and less than 2% for IMRT and VMAT cases, respectively.;This work was aimed to study the characteristics of EPID dosimetry in use as

patient specific QA for IMRT and VMAT. We compare result of gamma index

from patient specific QA with each 5 cases of brain, cervix, head and neck, lung

using EPID dosimetry and MatriXX 2D array in two different linacs at MRCCC

SHS and Siloam Hospital TBS. Calculated gamma index from IMRT case in

MRCCC SHS ware 99.59% ± 0.46 for EPID dosimetry and 99.13% ± 0.75 for

MatriXX 2D array, meanwhile at Siloam Hospital TBS the calculated gamma

index were 99.8% ± 0.20 for EPID dosimetry and 99.71% ± 0.14 for MatriXX 2D

array.Gamma index from VMAT cases in MRCCC were 97.71% ± 1.27 for EPID

dosimetry and 99.50% ± 0.39 for MatriXX 2D array, and in Siloam Hospital TBS

the value were 97.78% ± 1.45 for EPID dosimetry and 98.66% ± 1.26 forMatriXX

2D array. We conclude that the difference between EPID dosimetry and Matrixx

2D arrays at two hospitals were less than 1% and less than 2% for IMRT and

VMAT cases, respectively., This work was aimed to study the characteristics of EPID dosimetry in use as

patient specific QA for IMRT and VMAT. We compare result of gamma index

from patient specific QA with each 5 cases of brain, cervix, head and neck, lung

using EPID dosimetry and MatriXX 2D array in two different linacs at MRCCC

SHS and Siloam Hospital TBS. Calculated gamma index from IMRT case in

MRCCC SHS ware 99.59% ± 0.46 for EPID dosimetry and 99.13% ± 0.75 for

MatriXX 2D array, meanwhile at Siloam Hospital TBS the calculated gamma

index were 99.8% ± 0.20 for EPID dosimetry and 99.71% ± 0.14 for MatriXX 2D

array.Gamma index from VMAT cases in MRCCC were 97.71% ± 1.27 for EPID

dosimetry and 99.50% ± 0.39 for MatriXX 2D array, and in Siloam Hospital TBS

the value were 97.78% ± 1.45 for EPID dosimetry and 98.66% ± 1.26 forMatriXX

2D array. We conclude that the difference between EPID dosimetry and Matrixx

2D arrays at two hospitals were less than 1% and less than 2% for IMRT and

VMAT cases, respectively.]"

"Kualitas citra yang dihasilkan oleh reseptor Computed Radiography (CR) dan film mempunyai kelebihan dan kekurangan masing-masing. Oleh karena itu diperlukan evaluasi apakah citra yang dihasilkan oleh CR ataukah film yang paling baik digunakan untuk mendiagnosis, dalam kasus ini digunakan objek thorax. Penelitian ini menggunakan fantom leeds beserta filter Cu 1.5 mm untuk mengevaluasi kualitas citra yang dihasilkan oleh CR dan film pada kondisi penyinaran thorax dengan menggunakan 66 kV-8 mAs untuk kondisi penyinaran biasa dan 109 kV-2.2 mAs untuk penggunaan teknik kV tinggi. Kedua kondisi tersebut diperoleh berdasarkan protokol European Commission 16260. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan citra yang dihasilkan oleh film lebih baik daripada CR, namun demikian karena loss contrast dan sensitivitas kontras rendah CR lebih baik daripada film, maka untuk mendapatkan citra thorax yang baik sebaiknya menggunakan CR dengan kondisi 109 kV-2.2 mAs agar variasi objek yang diamati pada thorax menjadi lebih banyak sehingga diagnosis penyakit menjadi lebih akurat.

---

Image quality which produce from Computed Radiography (CR) and film have advantage and disadvantage. Because of that, it needs evaluation whater CR image or film image which used for the best diagnostic, in this case use thorax object. This research is using leeds phantom and filter Cu 1.5 mm to evaluate image quality which produce CR and film in condition of thorax exposure with 66 kV-8 mAs for costume examination and 109 kV-2.2 mAs for using high kV technique. These condition obtain from protocol European Commission 16260.

The result of this research explain that in whole image which produce from film is better than CR, however, because loss contrast and sensitivity low contrast CR is better than film, so to get good thorax image advisable using CR in condition 109 kV-2.2 mAs so that variation of object who observe become more so diagnosis disease become more accurate."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian optimasi citra radiografi dengan phantom rando laki-laki menggunakan sistem FCR type Capsula XL-2 Drypic 4000. Dilakukan juga pengukuran ESD menggunakan thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD), untuk pemeriksaan kepala AP, cervical AP, thorax PA teknik kVp standar dan teknik kVp tinggi, dan pemeriksaan pelvis AP. Optimasi pembentukan citra dievaluasi berdasarkan panduan dari European Commission dengan kriteria penerimaannya, kondisi eksposi kVp dan mAs, ESD, kontras tinggi dan kontras rendah. Selain evaluasi visual citra untuk optimasi diperhatikan pula karakter incident exposure FCR yang dinyatakan dengan Sensitivity Value (S Value) dengan proses digitasi citra yang dapat dilihat pada tampilan image consule dan softwere ImageJ. Uji fungsi pesawat sinar-X dilakukan sebelum pelaksanaan penelitian menurut panduan RCWA, dan sistem FCR menurut panduan AAPM dan KCare, dengan hasil, keduanya memenuhi standar yang disyaratkan. Hasil penelitian optimasi menunjukkan bahwa untuk pemeriksaan kepala AP optimasi terjadi pada kondisi eksposi 65 kVp 20 mAs dan ESD 2.67 mGy. Pemeriksaan cervical AP optimasi terjadi pada eksposi 55 kVp 16 mAs dan ESD 2.55 mGy. Untuk pemeriksaan thorax PA teknik kVp standar optimasi terjadi pada 50 kVp 10 mAs dan ESD 2.24 mGy, sedangkan untuk teknik kVp tinggi optimasi terjadi pada eksposi 100 kVp 1 mAs dan ESD 1.75 mGy. Untuk pemeriksaan pelvis AP optimasi terjadi pada eksposi 75 kVp 10 mAs dan ESD 2.24 mGy.

---

A research about a radiography image optimization using a male rando phantom by FCR type Capsula XL-2 Drypic 4000 system has been done. Along with ESD measurement using a thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD), for examination of AP skull, AP cervical, PA thorax use standard kVp technique and high kVp technique, and AP pelvis. The optimization of image formation was evaluated based on guidance from European Commission with their acceptance criterian, the condition of kVp and mAs, ESD, high contrast and low contrast. Beside the image visual evaluation for optimization, the FCR incident exposure was also observed which is stated in Sensitivity Value (S Value) by image digitations process that can be seen at image console and imageJ software.

Function test of X-ray device was done before the research based on the RCWA guidance, and FCR system based on the AAPM and KCare guidance, the results, both of them meet the standard. The result of optimization research show that for AP skull examination optimum condition was when the expose 65 kVp, 20 mAs and ESD of 2.67 mGy. For examination of AP cervical optimum condition was when the expose 55 kVp, 20 mAs and ESD 2.67 mGy. For the PA thorax, the optimization of standard kVp technique was when 50 kVp 10 mAs and ESD 2.24 mGy, for the high kVp technique optimization was when expose 100 kVp 1 mAs and ESD 1.75 mGy. And for the AP pelvis, optimization was when 75 kVp 10 mAs and ESD 2.24 mGy."