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"ABSTRAKIncinerator medis RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumoadalah incinerator tipe Pirolisis, di mana pambakarandilakukan dengan 2 ( dua ) tahap terhadap gas buanganyang dihasilkan. Reaktor yang dijadikan obyek penelitian adalahincinerator medis yang berskala lapangan dengan bahanbakar solar . Masukan limhah adalah limbah medis dalamfase padat.Saat ini komposisi limbah medis ini terdiridari sisa jaringan tubuh manusia, pembalut hinggajarum plastik dan pada masa mendatang diutamakan untuksisa jaringan manusia.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untukmempelajari kinerja incinerator medis, dengan carapengamatan di lapangan, di laboratorium terhadapparameter masukan kadar air dan kadar karbon, sertaparameter keluaran bahan bakar tambahan dan konsentra-si gas buang karbon monooksida.Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh persamaanregresi yang selanjutnya dapat dipergunakan untukmembuat intrapolasi dan ekstrapolasi untuk mengetahuipersamaan yang menghubungkan antar berbagai parametermasukan maupun parameter keluaran. Juga diperolehnilai koefisien Pearson yang menunjukkan hubunganantar pameter. Penulis berusaha menyajikan sebaran dari data dan melakukan pengujian terhadap beberapahipotesa awal.Analisa statistikal dilakukan terhadap data Labdan Lapangan. Hasil analisa dari faktor-faktor yangmempengaruhi kinerja Incinerator Medis ini memperlihatbahwa Kadar Air memiliki hubungan yang erat denganPemakaian Solar, demikian juga Kadar Karbon memilikirelasi erat dengan Pemakaian Solar.Analisa regresi yang ailakukan terhadap hubunganantar berbagai parameter memperlihatkan bahwapersamaan regressi yang terbentuk adalah persamaanlogaritmis dan eksponensial.Untuk mencari nilai yang minimum dari suatuparameter keluaran tidak bisa dengan memakaidiffrensiasi. Cara yang dipakai adalah denganmemasukkan kondisi batas minimum. dari parametermasukan yang nilainya memungkinkan.

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"[ABSTRAKFaktor emisi dan konsumsi bahan bakar tergantung pada berbagai faktor. Driving cycle merupakan perilaku lalu lintas dan merupakan reprsentasi berkendara dari suatu wilayah. Ada banyak standar driving cycle seperti metode Eropa driving cycle, Jepang Cycle, US-EPA, dll. Namun, driving cycle tersebut tidak dapat mewakili kondisi aktual Jakarta. Penelitian ini menjelaskan driving cycle yang diperoleh di Jakarta. Jakarta driving cycle adalah langkah pertama untuk menentukan emisi nyata untuk mengurangi polusi dan untuk mempengaruhi pilihan kendaraan di Jakarta. Faktor emisidigunakan untuk menentukan emisi gas buang di persimpangan Semanggi. Studi kasus persimpangan Semanggi dibahas. Aspek psikologis berkontribusi pada pemahaman tentang perilaku pemilik mobil untuk menggunakan bus rapid transit di Jakarta. Diskusi tentang The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) dan aspek psikologis dibuat untuk studi kasus ini. Penelitian ini juga menjelaskan model dinamis dari pengurangan emisi di sektor transportasi darat, studi kasus perempatan Semanggi di Jakarta. Sistem transportasi perkotaan adalah sistem yang kompleks dengan beberapa variabel, loop umpan balik, dan dipengaruhi oleh faktor sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan. Model system dinamis yang diusulkan terdiri dari dua submodel: "Vehicle Fleet" dan "Perhitungan Emisi". Model ini berjalan dalam perangkat lunak Powersim Studio menggunakan data dari Indonesia Japan Economic Agreement Partenership (IJ-EPA) dan Kepolisian Republik Indonesia.;

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ABSTRACTEmission factors and fuel consumption depend on various factors. The driving cycle represents traffic behaviour and is representative of a given region. There are many standards of driving cycles such as the method of European Driving Cycle, Japan Cycle, US-EPA, India Cycle, etc. However, these driving cycles cannot represent the actual condition in Jakarta. This paper describes the driving cycle obtained in Jakarta. Jakarta?s Driving Cycle is the first step for determining real emissions in order to decrease pollution and to influence vehicle choice in Jakarta. Emissions factors are deduced and used to determine exhaust emissions in the Semanggi intersection. The case study of the Semanggi intersection is discussed. Psychological aspects contribute to the understanding of the behaviour of car owners to use bus rapid transit (BRT) in Jakarta. Discussion about TPB theory and psychological aspects are made for this case study. This paper describes a dynamic system model of emissions reduction in the land transport sector with the case study of the Semanggi intersection in Jakarta. The urban transportation system is a complex system with multiple variables, feedback loops, and is influenced by social, economic, and environmental factors. The proposed DS model consists of two submodels: ?Vehicle Fleet? and ?Emissions Calculation?. The model runs in Powersim Studio software using data from Indonesia Japan Economic Agreement Partenership (IJ-EPA) and the Traffic Management Centre of the Indonesia National Police Headquarters.;Emission factors and fuel consumption depend on various factors. The driving cycle represents traffic behaviour and is representative of a given region. There are many standards of driving cycles such as the method of European Driving Cycle, Japan Cycle, US-EPA, India Cycle, etc. However, these driving cycles cannot represent the actual condition in Jakarta. This paper describes the driving cycle obtained in Jakarta. Jakarta?s Driving Cycle is the first step for determining real emissions in order to decrease pollution and to influence vehicle choice in Jakarta. Emissions factors are deduced and used to determine exhaust emissions in the Semanggi intersection. The case study of the Semanggi intersection is discussed. Psychological aspects contribute to the understanding of the behaviour of car owners to use bus rapid transit (BRT) in Jakarta. Discussion about TPB theory and psychological aspects are made for this case study. This paper describes a dynamic system model of emissions reduction in the land transport sector with the case study of the Semanggi intersection in Jakarta. The urban transportation system is a complex system with multiple variables, feedback loops, and is influenced by social, economic, and environmental factors. The proposed DS model consists of two submodels: ?Vehicle Fleet? and ?Emissions Calculation?. The model runs in Powersim Studio software using data from Indonesia Japan Economic Agreement Partenership (IJ-EPA) and the Traffic Management Centre of the Indonesia National Police Headquarters., Emission factors and fuel consumption depend on various factors. The driving cycle represents traffic behaviour and is representative of a given region. There are many standards of driving cycles such as the method of European Driving Cycle, Japan Cycle, US-EPA, India Cycle, etc. However, these driving cycles cannot represent the actual condition in Jakarta. This paper describes the driving cycle obtained in Jakarta. Jakarta’s Driving Cycle is the first step for determining real emissions in order to decrease pollution and to influence vehicle choice in Jakarta. Emissions factors are deduced and used to determine exhaust emissions in the Semanggi intersection. The case study of the Semanggi intersection is discussed. Psychological aspects contribute to the understanding of the behaviour of car owners to use bus rapid transit (BRT) in Jakarta. Discussion about TPB theory and psychological aspects are made for this case study. This paper describes a dynamic system model of emissions reduction in the land transport sector with the case study of the Semanggi intersection in Jakarta. The urban transportation system is a complex system with multiple variables, feedback loops, and is influenced by social, economic, and environmental factors. The proposed DS model consists of two submodels: “Vehicle Fleet” and “Emissions Calculation”. The model runs in Powersim Studio software using data from Indonesia Japan Economic Agreement Partenership (IJ-EPA) and the Traffic Management Centre of the Indonesia National Police Headquarters.]"

"Sermo Reservoir has been useful for irrigation and power plant. Despite its good reservoir management the reservoir spills millions of cubic meter of water yearly. On the other hand, there is a need for domestic water for surrounding area that can not be met. It indicates that the reservoir capacity needs increasing. The combined spillway (Free flow spillway and siphon) has been studied where higher capacity of water storage may be attained without increasing the dam crest. This is conducted by increasing the crest of the open type spillway (for examole ogee) to a certain height and at the same time adding the capacity of the open type spillway with spion. At certain height above the open spillway crest, the siphon is priming to add the discharge out from the spillway and hence required height of flood water above the open spillway is reduced. Such method that is increasing spillway weir crest may be applied for Sermo Dam.The paper studie a typical reservoir called Waduk Sermo that is located in Kulon Progo, Special province of Jogjakarta, where the data is available for simulation. During three years of record, Sermo resevoir spills quite a lot of water which otherwise was very useful for the domestic water. With the increasing need for clean water, it is essential to study the real availability of water in the reservoir. Such spill would have been minimized when the dam was equipped with siphon spillway. Mathematical modeling of water balance in the reservoir during the three years of record was carried out. The out flow includes water for irrigation, electricity power and domestic purpose (drinking water). The domestic water discharge is varied in order to obtain optimal capacity for water withdrawal. The effect of higher spillway crest on the capacity of the reservoir to supply domestic water is simulated for comparison.The study shows that Sermo reservoir is capable of serving approximately 1501/s of domestic water with time of service is 92%. This is the same as if no water is available for approximately one month per year. An additional dam crest of 1 m high produces a capacity of approximately 2251/s at the same risk as before. There is approximately an additional 2 million m3 of water available for domestic water yearly. It is concluded that such reservoir might have been more optimal when the crest was 1 m higher."

"Kuliner merupakan usaha yang sedang berkembang dan biasanya berada di Jalan Raya. Pencemaran udara yang terjadi di jalan raya berkemungkinan untuk mencemari udara di dalam rumah makan. Rasio indoor/outdoor (I/O) digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tersebut. Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) diukur secara simultan di dalam dan di luar ruangan dari beberapa rumah makan di Jalan Margonda Raya. Perbedaan jenis rumah makan yang dilakukan adalah rumah makan terbuka, semi tertutup dan tertutup. Ditinjau juga pengaruh frekuensi kunjungan ke rumah makan terhadap kejadian sakit pada konsumen melalui kuesioner. Rasio indoor/outdoor (I/O) yang paling rendah ditemukan pada rumah makan yang tertutup dengan rasio I/O sebesar 0,41 dengan korelasi pencemaran sebesar 0,023. Sedangkan rasio I/O pada rumah makan semi tertutup dan tertutup berturut-turut adalah 0,57 dan 0,77. Berdasarkan kuesioner, tidak ditemukan adanya pengaruh frekuensi kunjungan ke rumah makan terhadap kejadian sakit pada konsumen. Bangunan memberikan perlindungan terhadap pencemaran udara yang terjadi di luar rumah makan.

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Culinary is a business that is growing and is usually located on the highway. Air pollution that occurred on the highway is likely to pollute the air in the restaurant. The ratio of indoor / outdoor (I / O) is used to determine that effect. Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) was measured simultaneously indoors and outdoors at some restaurants in Margonda Raya Street. Different conditions of restaurants were open air restaurant, semi-closed air restaurant and closed air restaurant. The lowest indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratio was found in closed air restaurant with 0,41 with correlation of contamination 0,023.. Meanwhile, I/O ratios in semiclosed air and closed air restaurants are 0,57 and 0,77. Based on the questionnaire, there was no effect of the frequency visiting the restaurant on frequency of get sick. Building give the protection against air pollution that occured outside the restaurant."

"ABSTRAKKondisi perkerasan jalan di Indonesia sangat dipengaruhi oleh peningkatan suhu dan perendaman air. Kerusakan yang terjadi akibat suhu yang panas dan genangan air merupakan hal yang sudah biasa. Pada penelitian ini, material baru BNA-Rubber diuji setelah dicampurkan pada aspal penetrasi 60/70 untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahannya terhadap daya tahan akibat suhu dan perendaman. Penelitian dilakukan dengan penambahan BNA-R sebesar 20% dari kadar aspal dan pengujian antara lain adalah dengan uji Marshall, Marshall Immersion, dan juga uji Indirect Tensile Strength dengan alat UMATA. Hasil yang didapat menujukkan bahwa penambahan BNA-R pada campuran aspal memiliki Indeks Kekuatan sisa yang lebih baik ketimbang campuran aspal tanpa BNA-R. Sementara untuk uji Indirect Tensile Strength didapat bahwa hasil Modulus Resilient dari campuran benda uji dengan 20% BNA-R lebih baik ketimbang campuran tanpa menggunakan BNA-R.

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ABSTRACTThe condition of road pavement in Indonesia relies deeply upon the increase of temperature and its submersion in water. Heat and puddles of water are usual causes of road damages. This study tests the effects of BNA-Rubber; after being mixed in an asphalt hot-mix, against its vulnerability to an increase in temperature and submersion in water. This study is conducted by applying BNA-R in an asphalt hot mix, as much as 20% of the total asphalt content. This mixture is then tested through a series of tests including Marshall, Marshall Immersion, and the Indirect Tensile Strength by using the UMATA. Results from the test indicates that the addition of BNA-R in an asphalt hot-mix has a better index of retained stability than an asphalt hot-mix without the addition of BNA-R.While the results from the Indirect Tensile Strength test states that the Modulus Resilience of the asphalt hot-mix with the BNA-R is much better than the one without the BNA-R."

"Perkuatan geosintetik sering kali digunakan dalam pekerjaan penimbunan untuk mengantisipasi differential settlement yang terjadi apabila dibangun pada tanah lunak. Adanya perkuatan geosintetik ini diyakini dapat memberikan hasil yang cukup baik untuk meningkatkan performa timbunan agar tidak mengalami penurunan yang tidak seragam. Studi ini dilakukan dengan memvariasikan nilai kohesi tanah lunak, indeks kompresi tanah lunak, ketebalan tanah lunak, serta banyaknya lapisan geosintetik yang digunakan. Bahasan penelitian ini mencakup besarnya penurunan pada tanah timbunan pada akhir konsolidasi primer, regangan dan gaya aksial pada geosintetik yang disimulasikan menggunakan program Plaxis 2D. Selain itu, pengaruh terhadap faktor keamanan juga ditinjau pada akhir konstruksi dan juga pada saat konsolidasi primer selesai, agar diketahui bagaimana kelongsoran yang terjadi dan kemungkinan kegagalan timbunan.

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Geosynthetic reinforcement is usually used in embankment construction to anticipate the differential settlement that occurs when it’s constructed on the soft soil. The use of geosynthetic reinforcement is believed could give a pretty good result to enhance the performance of the embankment so that the differential settlement would not occur. This study is done by varying the value of cohesions, compression indexes, and the thickness of soft soil layer, and also the number of geosynthetic layers used. The discussion of this research concludes the value of displacement of the embankment at the end of primary consolidation, the strain and the axial force of geosynthetic layer which is simulated by using Plaxis 2D. And also, the effects occured to safety factor is reviewed at the end of construction and at the end of primary consolidation, so that we know how the failure could occur and the chance of failure of the embankment."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat mortar menggunakan sampah kertas yang telah diproses, untuk mendapatkan mortar yang ramah lingkungan, memenuhi standar dan diharapkan memiliki sifat mekanis yang lebih baik dibandingkan mortar yang menggunakan agregat alam dan tergolong beton ringan.Benda uji penelitian dibuat dengan persentase serbuk sampah kertas hasil pengolahan kertas bekas adalah10%, 15%, 20% dan 25% terhadap berat semen yang digunakan. Pengujian kuat tekan dan kuat lentur dilakukan pada hari ke-7,14, 21, 28,dan 56 sedangkan pengujian susut dilakukan hingga hari ke-28. Pengujian density pun dilakukan setelah umur mortar mencapai 28 hari.Dari hasil pengujian, didapatkan bahwa mortar dengan campuran 10% memiliki kuat tekanmutu sebesar 6.57 MPa dan 6.52 Mpa digolongkan kedalam tipe N yaitu jenis adukan dengan kuat tekan sedang, dipakai untuk aduk pasangan terbuka diatas tanah. Sedangkan campuran 15%memiliki mutu sebesar 4.62 MPa dan 25% sebesar 2.49 MPa digolongkan kedalam tipe O yaitu jenis adukan dengan kekuatan tekan yang agak rendah, dipakai untuk konstruksi tembok yang tidak menahan beban tekan tidak lebih dari 7 kg/cm² dan gangguan cuaca tidak berat.

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ABSTRACTThis research object is make mortar using office block waste paper with shred paper pretreatment to get green mortar, standardized, and has a better mechanical quality than mortar using natural aggregate. The shredding paper ratio in mixture are 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% to cement mass. Compressive strength and flexural test did at day 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th whereas shrinkage test did at day 28th. Density test also did after mortar at the age of 28 days.As aresult from test, providable that the mixed 10% and 15% of mortar has compressive strength 6.57 MPa and 6.52 MPa. This kind of product be classified to N type that is mixed with medium compressive strength, used for open paired stir up on ground. The mixture of 20% mortar has compressive strength 4.62 MPa and the mixture of 25% of mortar has compressive strength 2.49 MPa, it can be classified to O type that is kind of mixed with low compressive strength, use for wall construction with compressive strength less than 7 kg/cm2 and medium disturbance of weather"

"Manusia mempunyai hubungan yang erat dengan air sebagai salah satu kebutuhan utama. Salah satu peristiwa yang perlu mendapat perhatian lebih adalah adanya kontaminasi air tanah dan masih banyaknya air tanah yang digunakan sebagai sarana pemenuhan kebutuhan air. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan suatu protokol pemodelan fisik kontaminasi pencemar pada media berpori heterogen menggunakan seepage tank. Tujuan lain adalah untuk memperbaiki alat percobaan sehingga bisa digunakan untuk melakukan validasi dari pemodelan matematis yang ada. Pemodelan fisik ini meliputi aliran air tanah melewati media heterogen terdiskrit pada kondisi tunak dan juga transpor pencemar dengan mekanisme adveksi-dispersi yang terjadi akibat point-source loading.

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Humans have strong independence on water as one of their primary needs. One of the phenomena that should be focused more is the presence of groundwater contamination while at the same time groundwater is utilized as one of the main source of water supply. This undergraduate thesis aims to formulate a physical modeling protocol of contaminant transport through heterogeneous porous media by using seepage tank. Another additional purpose is to improve the function of the existing instrument so that it can be used to perform validation of various mathematical modeling. This physical modeling includes groundwater flow through heterogeneous discrete medium in steady-state conditions as well as contaminant transport in advection-dispersion mechanism that occurs as a result of point-source loading."

"[ABSTRAKPenggunaan Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) sebagai alternatif penggunaan pada perkerasan telah dilakukan di beberapa negara. Mengurangi efek rumah kaca, pengurangan penggunaan energi dan biaya yang dikeluarkan merupakan keuntungan lain penggunaan WMA. Pengurangan suhu berkisar antara 20-40⁰ C. Penggunaan BNA-R (Button Natural Asphalt Rubber) sebagai bahan tambah dapat memberi kontribusi peningkatan kekuatan campuran aspal hangat. Studi penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kontribusi BNA-R terhadap aspal dan campuran aspal hangat. Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah uji properties aspal, uji Marshall dan Marshall Immersion, serta uji Wheel Tracking siklus panjang dengan perubahan suhu. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasi adanya kontribusi BNA-R terhadap campuran hangat dengan penambahan kadar terbaik sebesar 10%. Kontribusi BNA-R dapat menaikkan nilai Indeks Penetrasi sebesar 76%, menurunkan nilai penetrasi sebesar 30% dan menaikkan titik lembek sebesar 8%, serta memperbaiki sifat-sifat campuran aspal. Campuran aspal dengan BNA-R dapat menaikkan nilai stabilitas dinamis sebesar 29%.

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ABSTRACT

;The use of Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) as an alternative way in the use of pavement has been conducted in several countries. Reducing the greenhouse gas effect, energy use and costs are several other advantages in using WMA. Temperature reduction is in approximate range between 20-40⁰ C. The use of BNA-R (Button Natural Asphalt Rubber) as an additive material which can give the contribution; such as increasing the strength of warm mix asphalt. The study of this research is conducted to determine the contribution of BNA-R on asphalt and warm mix asphalt. This research uses the properties of asphalt, Marshall and Marshall Immersion tests, as well as the Wheel Tracking test on long cycle with temperature changes. The results of this study indicate that there are several contributions of BNA-R to the warm mixture by adding BNA-R at 10%. Those contributions of BNA-R can increase 76% of Penetration Index value, reduce 30% of penetration value, increase 8% of softening point and also elevate the characteristics of the asphalt mixture. Moreover, the warm mix asphalt with BNA-R can increase the value of dynamic stability by 29%.

, The use of Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) as an alternative way in the use of pavement has been conducted in several countries. Reducing the greenhouse gas effect, energy use and costs are several other advantages in using WMA. Temperature reduction is in approximate range between 20-40⁰ C. The use of BNA-R (Button Natural Asphalt Rubber) as an additive material which can give the contribution; such as increasing the strength of warm mix asphalt. The study of this research is conducted to determine the contribution of BNA-R on asphalt and warm mix asphalt. This research uses the properties of asphalt, Marshall and Marshall Immersion tests, as well as the Wheel Tracking test on long cycle with temperature changes. The results of this study indicate that there are several contributions of BNA-R to the warm mixture by adding BNA-R at 10%. Those contributions of BNA-R can increase 76% of Penetration Index value, reduce 30% of penetration value, increase 8% of softening point and also elevate the characteristics of the asphalt mixture. Moreover, the warm mix asphalt with BNA-R can increase the value of dynamic stability by 29%.

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"Meningkatknya kebutuhan akan fasilitas kesehatan harus selalu diselaraskan dengan pembangunan infrastruktur tersebut yaitu Rumah Sakit. Namun beberapa Rumah Sakit dalam tahap konstruksi atau pembangunan mengalami keterlambatan. Terdapat faktor-faktor permasalahan yang mungkin mengakibatkan keterlambatan tersebut. Faktor faktor permasalahan merupakan salah satu sumber risiko. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko yang berpengaruh, penyebab risiko dominan dan rekomendasi risiko. Melalui metode survey terhadap kontraktor utama untuk mengetahui sumber risiko yang selanjutnya dianali dengan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) untuk mengetahui peringkat risiko, kemudian dengan faktor risiko SNI dicari risk level. Untuk menganalisis risiko dominan digunakan metode korelasi antara risiko yang muncul dengan kinerja waktu proyek dari metode survey. Hasil penelitian berupa faktor risiko dominan yang berpengaruh terhadap kinerja waktu pada tahap konstruksi Rumah Sakit yaitu. Terdapat dua faktor risiko dominan yaitu"Periode Pembayaran Tidak Sesuai Kontrak" dan"Perubahan Desain". Faktor-faktor risiko tersebut dibahas secara menyeluruh dari penyebab risiko, dampak risiko hingga rekomendasi respon risiko.

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The increasing need for health facilities should always be aligned with the infrastructure development ie Hospital. However, several hospitals are under construction or development has been delayed. There are factors that may lead to problems such delay. Factors issues are one source of risk.

The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing risk, the risk causes dominant and recommendation of risk. Through survey methods against the main contractor to find out the source of risk is then analyzed by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the risk rating, then the risk factor SNI sought risk level. To analyze the risk of correlation between the predominantly used method of risk that comes with the project time performance of survey methods.

The results is the dominant risk factors that affect the performance of time at the hospital construction. There are two dominant risk factor is"Payment Period that Not Suitable from The Contract" and "Change Design". The risk factors discussed thoroughly of the cause of the risk, the impact of risk until risk response recommendations."