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"The Timor problem consists of an avalanche of closely related subjects. The majority, common in all underdeveloped countries, is not new. They emanate from a combination of factors - unfavorable physical conditions, simple technologies, and a social setting, which impedes progress and modernization and result in an alarming agrarian situation, marked by malnutrition and soil erosion.

On Timor, as elsewhere in the world, the solution of these matters is exceedingly difficult and is retarded by a general lack of data, concerning both physical environment and social factors. Specialists in various fields have studied several facets of the Timor problem, and valuable suggestions have been put forward. The objection of the latter is that, made by single-minded specialists, they are rarely coordinated and do not sufficiently consider the multiple correlation in the interplay between man and nature. Co-ordination between the results of specialized enquiries, in order to show the area's real nature and critical features, is desirable.

As a geographer the author does not intend to invade the fields of other sciences, and he is not under the illusion that he can provide the answer to the Timor problem. He realizes, however, that the geographical approach has been found of value in area planning projects in many parts of the world during the last decades. Geographers' advice has been sought to in increasing degree and their practical aid welcomed. Few of them, however, have yet been employed in the gigantic project of which the present generation should form the foundation, i.e. development of newborn areas. That is just where geographers could give considerable assistance. With their training, they are often able to apply the required co-ordination and correlation. By providing the present situation's historical background, by analyzing the methods man has used to develop his environment and giving a synthetic interpretation of all phenomena found in the area, he can supply the basic overall information necessary in the formulation of plans for future development. An attempt will be made to demonstrate this in the following study regarding the Timor problem."

"Sistem Tenaga Listrik (STL) Indonesia saat ini masih berkaca pada Negara Kontinental(daratan) dan tidak cocok jika terus diterapkan di Negara Kepulauan seperti Indonesia.Maka dengan membuat konsep Island Charging pada studi kasus Pulau Timor baik darisisi teknologi storage, supply chain dan keekonomian kiranya menjadi alternatif sertasolusi orisinil dalam memecahkan masalah energi seperti pemerataan elektrifikasi,terciptanya lingkungan bersih dan meningkatnya nilai tambah ekonomi serta benefituntuk daerah sekitarnya. Dimana metodologi yang digunakan mulai dari analisa teknistransportasi dan teknologi Mobile Energy Storage System (MESS), kemudian dilanjutkandengan analisa ekonomi menggunakan Livelized Cost of Storage (LCOS) pada MESSyang dominan dipengaruhi oleh moda transportasi. Hasil dari perhitungan tersebut akandibandingkan terhadap keekonomian Generator Setting (Genset) diesel di Pulau Wetarsehingga diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa konsep Island Charging ini dapat dikatakanfeasible apabila faktor eksternalitas ikut diperhitungkan dan adanya subsidi dariPemerintah jika menggunakan energi terbarukan

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The current Indonesian Electric Power System (STL) still reflects on the Continental

Country (mainland) and is not suitable if it continues to be applied in an archipelago

country like Indonesia. So by making the concept of Island Charging in the case study of

Timor Island, both in terms of storage technology, supply chain, and economics, it is

likely to be an alternative and original solution in solving energy problems such as

equalization of electrification, creating a clean environment and increasing economic

added value and benefits to the surrounding area. The methodology used starts from

technical analysis of Mobile Energy Storage System (MESS) transportation and

technology, then continues with economic analysis using Levelized Cost of Storage

(LCOS) in MESS, which is dominantly influenced by the mode of transportation. The

results of these calculations will be compared to the economy of the Diesel Generator

Setting (Genset) on Wetar Island so that the conclusion is that the Island Charging concept

can be said to be feasible if externalities are taken into account, and there is a subsidy

from the Government when using renewable energy"

"Konsep Island Charging adalah alternatif solusi untuk melistriki daerah kepulauan dan daerah Isolated System. Konsep ini mentransfer energi listrik ke konsumen dengan memanfaatkan moda transportasi darat dan laut dimana energi listrik tersimpan pada baterai kapasitas besar. Salah satu opsi pembangkit listrik untuk pengecasan baterai tersebut bisa menggunakan sistem interkoneksi dengan jaringan kelistrikan setempat (On-Grid). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dimana dan seberapa besar kapasitas PV Charging Station yang optimum di sistem kelistrikan Timor NTT. Berdasarkan hasil analisa aliran daya, rugi-rugi daya aktif maka didapat lokasi PV Charging Station yang optimum ialah di gardu induk Nonohonis. Sedangkan berdasarkan simulasi PV On-Grid dan analisa biaya energi (COE) menggunakan software HOMER, maka didapat kapasitas optimum ialah sebesar 1679 s.d 18.458 kW dengan energi bersih yang dihasilkan adalah sebesar 6978 s.d 87.220 kWh/hari dan COE sebesar 4,8 cents/kWh.

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The Island Charging concept is an alternative solution for electrifying island areas and isolated systems. This concept transfers electrical energy to consumers by using public transportation modes where electrical energy is stored in large capacity batteries. One of the power plant options for charging the battery can use an interconnection system with the local electricity network (On-Grid). This study aims to determine where and how much of the PV Charging Station capacity can be connected to the Grid Timor NTT. Based on the results of power flow analysis, active power losses, the optimum location for the PV Charging Station is at the Nonohonis substation. Meanwhile, based on On-Grid PV simulation and energy cost analysis (COE) using HOMER software, the optimum capacity is 1679 to 18,458 kW with the net energy produced is 6978 to 87,220 kWh/day and COE is 4.8 cents/kWh. "