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"This study aims to describe and analyze the development of the harmonization of international conventions of migrant workers rights with the Indonesian Migrant Workers Act and to examine the process of adopting the substance of international conventions on the protection of migrant workers' rights into the Indonesian Migrant Workers Act. This study uses legal normative research method by reviewing principles, concepts of law and related legislations and regulations. The results of this study shows that: harmonization of international conventions on the protection of migrant workers' rights into Law No. 18 of 2017 is carried out through a transformation that refers to the position of international conventions in Indonesian national law; and the substance of international conventions to protect the rights of migrant workers is adopted through two processes which are a political process of discussion of Amendment of Law No. 39 of 2004 to become Law No. 18 of 2017 by the House of Representatives of Republic of Indonesia and civil society organizations and a legal processof referring Law No. 6 of 2012 in Amendment to Law No. 39 of 2004 to become Law No. 18 of 2017 version of May 2016 and identifying seven findings to compare the Law No. 18 of 2017 and the ratification law of the Convention."

"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas tentang pergerakan yang dilakukan masyarakat Arab Indonesia dan hasil pergerakannya dengan menganalisa pergerakan yang dilakukan secara kelompokdan individual. Dalam upaya mencari data dan fakta sejarah, digunakan metode sejarah yang terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu tahap heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Penemuan-penemuan dalan skripsi ini menyebutkan bahwa masyarakat Arab Indonesia bergerak dalam bidang pendidikan, sosial, dan politik. Hasil dari pergerakan-pergerakan yang dilakukan masyarakat Arab Indonesia adalah persatuan dikalangan masyarakat Arab yang berselisih dan tumbuhnya rasa nasionalisme masyarakat Arab Indonesia. Masyarakat Arab Indonesia juga ambil bagian dalam usaha menujukemerdekaan Indonesia dan proses mempertahankan kemerdekaan Indonesia.

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ABSTRACTThis undergraduate thesis discusses about movements done by Indonesian-Arab society and the movements? result by analyzing the movements done in groups and individually.In attempt to find the data and historical facts, the researcher uses historical method which consists of four stages: stage of heuristics, criticism of sources, interpretation, and historiography. The findings in this undergraduate thesis show that Indonesian-Arabsociety engaged in education, social, and politic. The results of Indonesian-Arab society?s movements are the unity in Arab communities which are in quarrel and the growth in sense of nationalism in Indonesian-Arab society. Indonesian-Arab society also took a partin having efforts towards the independence of Indonesia and preserving its independence."

"Skripsi ini merupakan penelitian yang ditujukan untuk menggambarkan dan menjelaskan proses kebijakan moratorium penempatan TKI sektor domestik ke Malaysia tahun 2009-2011 sebagai upaya politik perlindungan tenaga kerja Indonesia di luar negeri pada masa pemerintahan Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi dan menganalisa latar belakang, alasan-alasan, formasi kepentingan dan kondisi-kondisi yang mendorong Pemerintah Indonesia memberlakukan kebijakan moratorium penempatan TKI sektor domestik ke Malaysia tersebut. Interdependensi ketenagakerjaan lintas-negara akibat migrasi global, proses pembuatan kebijakan (policy making process), serta konsep politik luar negeri dan diplomasi menjadi kerangka analitis yang digunakan dalam menganalisa fenomena politik perlindungan pekerja migran Indonesia yang dibahas dalam skripsi ini.

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This thesis is a work of qualitative research that aimed and conducted to describe and explain the Government of Indonesia?s Placement Moratorium Policy of Indonesian Migrat Domestic Workers into Malaysia in 2009-2011 as an effort by Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono?s Governance to raise the protection for Indonesian Migrant Workers abroad. This reseach tries to identify and analyze the background, justification, formation of actors and interests, and conditions that pushed the Government of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono to adopt and implement this policy. The concepts of policy-making processes, inter-state workforce?s interdependence as a result of global migration, the concept of foreign politics and diplomacy will be used as conceptual and analitical frameworks in order to analyze the phenomenon of this politics of Indonesian migrant workers? protection that prescribed in this research."

"Sebagai negara maju di segala bidang dan disegani oleh negara-negara eropa. Jerman membutuhkan tenaga kerja pada sektor  kesehatan. Permintaan tenaga kesehatan ini disambut baik oleh Indonesia. Maka, sejak tahun 2020 dilandasi dengan MoU, kedua negara melangsungkan kerja sama pengiriman pekerja  migran Indonesia secara  antarpemerintahan (G to G). Tujuan dari pemerintah Indonesia ini adalah melindungi warga negaranya dari pra bekerja hingga setelah bekerja dilaksanakan oleh BP2MI. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan Metode Pendekatan Yuridis Normatif. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data pendukung lainnya seperti pendapat para ahli, hasil wawancara, jurnal ilmiah, dan pengambilan dokumen resmi. Kemudian data tersebut dikumpulkan dan disajikan dalam bentuk uraian sistematis. Data-data yang diperoleh dianalisis dan dijabarkan dengan peraturan hukum positif yang berkaitan dengan objek penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian kerja sama antara Indonesia dengan Jerman dalam pengiriman pekerja migran Indonesia ke Jerman berlangsung juga karena adanya program triple win. Di batch pertama proses penempatan pekerja migran Indonesia ke Jerman berjalan dengan baik, akan tetapi setelah memasuki masa pelatihan banyak yang mengundurkan  diri dari proses perekrutan. Banyaknya yang mengundurkan diri menimbulkan masalah bagi pemberi kerja. Oleh karena itu pada batch kedua negara bersepakat untuk memberikan sanksi denda dengan membayar biaya pelatihan mengikuti kursus bahasa Jerman. Kesepakatan kedua negara ini layer diakibatkan calon pekerja migran Indonesia telah mengisi dan  menandatangani formulir pernyataan partisipasi.

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As a developed state in all sector and respected by European Country. Germany needs worker in health sector. This request for health workers was welcomed by Indonesia, which has unemployment problems. So, since 2020 based on the MoU, the two country have cooperated in sending Indonesia Migrant Workers with G to G Program (Intergovemental). The research method used in this research is using the Normative Juridical Approach Method. The data used are primary data and other supported daya by expert opinions, interviews, scientific journals and official document retrieval. Then the data is collected and presented in the form of a systematic description. The data obtained were analyzed and described with positive legal regulations relating to the object of research. Based on the results of the research the cooperation between Indonesian and Germany in sending Indonesian Migrant Workers to Germany also took place because of the triple win program. In the first batch the process of placing Indonesian migrant workers to Germany was good, but after entering the training period many resigned from the recruitment process. The large number of resigning poses a problem for employers. Therefore, in the second batch, the countries agreed to impose by paying training fees for taking German language course. The agreement between the two countries is layered because prospective Indonesian Migrant Workers have filled out and signed a participation Statement form."

"Kebijakan asuransi TKI berpotensi bersinggungan dengan implementasi jaminan kesehatan. Fungsi kebijakan juga belum bisa memberikan perlindungan secara maksimal. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis implementasi kebijakan jaminan kesehatan bagi TKI tahun 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam terhadap informan yang berkaitan dengan kebijakan perlindungan bagi TKI. Kerangka pikir dasar penelitian terdiri dari aspek kelayakan kebijakan, faktor implementasi, gambaran skema permasalahan dengan analisis SWOT, serta persepsi para ahli untuk mendapatkan poin-poin rekomendasi kebijakan jaminan kesehatan bagi TKI yang lebih baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jaminan kesehatan yang dimiliki oleh TKI berasal dari asuransi TKI, kepesertaan JKN, dan jaminan di negara penempatan. Secara retrospektif, adanya kebijakan asuransi TKI merupakan amanat UU No.39 Tahun 2004 yang menyebutkan kewajiban kepemilikan jaminan sosial dan atau polis asuransi bagi TKI. Namun, asuransi TKI belum menyentuh aspek sosial seiring badan penyelenggara yang bersifat komersial dan bukan termasuk jaminan sosial. Dalam perubahan konsorsium, rasio klaim asuransi TKI tetap lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan premi yang masuk, tetapi ditunjang dengan penurunan keluhan dari para TKI. Dalam implementasinya, terdapat banyak lembaga yang membantu pengaduan asuransi TKI ini. Namun bentuk kerja sama bilateral yang berkaitan dengan koordinasi jaminan kesehatan antar negara belum dimaksimalkan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa jaminan kesehatan bagi TKI masih bersifat hilir (kuratif) dan upaya pemerintah untuk mengintegrasikan asuransi TKI dengan jaminan sosial merupakan hal yang penting. Peneliti menyarankan agar menerapkan jaminan kesehatan bagi TKI secara komprehensif dengan memasukkan prinsip preventif dan promotif. Upaya integrasi awal dapat dilakukan dengan mewajibkan kepesertaan JKN sebelum keberangkatan, koordinasi dengan jaminan dengan negara tujuan, membantu pembayaran premi asransi TKI bagi pekerja informal dan tidak mampu, serta pemberian jaminan kesehatan segera ketika sampai di Indonesia tanpa adanya limitasi manfaat.

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The policy of insurance for TKI is potentially related to the implementation of health coverage. The function of this policy has not provided maximal coverage. The purpose of this research is to analyze the policy implementation of health coverage for TKI 2015. This research uses a qualitative method by interviewing some informants who are significantly related to the health coverage for TKI. The framework of this research consists of the aspect of the advisable policy, the implementation factors, the schematic representation of the problem by using SWOT, and the experts? perception to get some recommendation for better TKI insurance.

The result of this research is the health insurance owned by TKI comes from TKI insurance, the membership of JKN, and insurance during their employment abroad. In a retrospective aspect, TKI insurance policy is the instruction of Law No. 39 of 2004 which regulates the obligation of the ownership of the social security and or insurance policy for TKI. However, TKI insurance has not been involved with the social aspect because the agency commercializes the coverage of Indonesian migrant workers and it is not included a social security. In the change of consortium, the claim ratio of TKI has been paid less than the premium received, but it is supported by the decrease of the complaint from TKI. In the implementation, TKI insurance has been assisted by a lot of agencies. However, the bilateral cooperation related to the coordination of health coverage among countries has not been maximized.

This research concludes that the health insurance for TKI is still lower (curative) and the government's attempt to integrate the social security for TKI is important. The researcher suggests the government should comprehensively implement the health coverage for TKI by incorporating the principle of prevention and promotion. The earlier integration attempts which can be done are the government requires TKI to be registered in JKN before their departure, coordinates related to the social security with the placement countries, assists to pay the insurance premium for TKI classified as an informal migrant worker and an incapable worker, and immediately grants a health coverage when they arrive back in Indonesia without any limitation of benefits."