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"Di Jepang, kampanye dilakukan secara unik dengan menggunakan ilustrasi bergaya manga. Cara tersebut tidak hanya digunakan oleh perusahaan komersil saja, tetapi juga institusi pemerintahan. Fokus penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bentuk kampanye yang digunakan oleh Jepang, khususnya pada Japan Self Defense Forces (JSDF) melalui media internet yang dijadikan sebagai sampel. Metode penulisan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan teknik deskriptif analisis. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ilustrasi bergaya manga digunakan untuk menarik perhatian publik terhadap kampanye yang dilakukan JSDF. Selain untuk menarik perhatian, cara ini juga digunakan untuk menimbulkan perasaan menyenangkan sehingga tidak menimbulkan rasa keterpaksaan dalam proses pemahaman pesan kampanye serta agar dapat memperbaiki citra JSDF yang berkembang di dalam publik Jepang.

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In Japan, campaign implemented within unique style using manga illustration. This method used not only by corporation, but also government institution. Focus of this thesis is campaign that used by Japan, especially Japan Self Defense Forces (JSDF) through internet which become sample. This is a qualitative research, combined with descriptive analysis.

The result of this research shows that manga illustration used to attract public attention with JSDF campaign. In addition, this method used to entertain in the process of understanding campaign message and also to improve JSDF image in Japanese public."

"Military capability is essential to enable State to exercise its right of self-defense. Such military capability is referred to as military defense capability. Although its purpose is for defense, it still presents a problem. The military defense capability of one State can be perceived by another State as a threat. For military defense capability not to be regarded as a threat, as argued in this study, the State has to observe certain parameters. One of those parameters is international law. International law as a restricting norm has proscribed limitations that a State has to observe when it exercises its right to establish and build up its military defense capability. The main purpose of this study is to examine how international law can assume its role to restrict the right of a State and to see how effectively international law has played its role. To this effect, the study is divided into two parts. The first part discusses some basic comprehension of military defense capability, how international law in general assumes its role of restricting certain activities of States and the limitations found under international law that enforce these restrictions. The second part is devoted to examining Japan as a case study. This part of the discussion centers on Japan's military defense capability and analyses whether Japan has observed the limitations. The study gives an overall conclusion, including an evaluation of the effectiveness of international law and Japan's degree of adherence to the limitations."

"Military capability is essential to enable State to exercise its right of self-defense. Such military capability is referred to as military defense capability. Although its purpose is for defense, it still presents a problem. The military defense capability of one State can be perceived by another State as a threat. For military defense capability not to be regarded as a threat, as argued in this study, the State has to observe certain parameters. One of those parameters is international law. International law as a restricting norm has proscribed limitations that a State has to observe when it exercises its right to establish and build up its military defense capability. The main purpose of this study is to examine how international law can assume its role to restrict the right of a State and to see how effectively international law has played its role. To this effect, the study is divided into two parts. The first part discusses some basic comprehension of military defense capability, how international law in general assumes its role of restricting certain activities of States and the limitations found under international law that enforce these restrictions. The second part is devoted to examining Japan as a case study. This part of the discussion centers on Japan's military defense capability and analyses whether Japan has observed the limitations. The study gives an overall conclusion, including an evaluation of the effectiveness of international law and Japan's degree of adherence to the limitations."

"?The National Defense Program Outline? set forth on October 29, 1976 (the 1976 NDPO) introduced the ?Basic Defense Force Concept? as the course of Japan?s defense force. The introduction process of the concept has been described, on many occasions, as if the so-called ?Kubo Concept? by Takuya Kubo had been formally adopted and incorporated into the 1976 NDPO in a straightforward manner. In reality, however, several interpretations emerged and coexisted in the process of formulating the Basic Defense Force Concept, such as an interpretation based on the Kubo Concept-like ?beyond-the-threat theory,? an interpretation based on ?counter low-threat theory? similar to the ?Constantly Maintained Defense Force? deriving from the ?N Study Group,? and an interpretation based on Seiki Nishihiro?s ?validation theory,? the view that linked the preceding two interpretations."

"Perang Dingin yang berakhir pada tahun 1990 telah mengubah konstelasi politik dan keamanan dunia. Kemunculan banyak negara baru yang dulu tidak terlalu dominan dalam politik dunia, kini menjadi pemain yang cukup diperhitungkan seperti Jepang. Setelah mengalami kekalahan pada Perang Dunia Ke-II, Jepang menjadi negara yang tidak normal karena tidak memiliki kekuatan militer.Sejak saat itu pula, Jepang menggantungkan keamanan nasionalnya di bawah perlindungan payung keamanan Amerika Serikat. Seiring berjalannya waktu, struktur keamanan global maupun regional telah berubah. Kemunculan China sebagai kekuatan regional baru, pengembangan senjata nuklir Korea Utara, modernisasi militer Korea Selatan, serta banyaknya masalah baik teritorial maupun sejarah di Asia Timur telah mempengaruhi Jepang untuk mengubah kebijakan Pertahanannya. Perubahan kebijakan ini diwujudkan dalam dua usaha yaitu usaha internal melalui peningkatan kekuatan pertahanan Jepang dan usaha eksternal melalui peningkatan diplomasi pertahanan Jepang dengan negara-negara di kawasan Asia Pasifik.

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The end of Cold War in 1990 changed global political constellation and security. The emergence of new global power that were not determined in the past, now have a very significant role in global politics such as Japan. After losing to U.S allies in the World War II, Japan became abnormal state because she did not have military power. Since then, Japan has been depended her national security on U.S security umbrella. After Cold War, the situation surroundings Japan has changed. China rose as a new global power, nuclear weapon possession by North Korea, South Korea's military modernization, and territorial disputes among them give impacts on Japan?s Defense Policy. The change of Japan's Defense Policy is indicated by two attempts, which are internal efforts and external efforts. Internal efforts are executed by increasing military power and external efforts are executed by developing defense diplomacy through security arrangements with the Asia Pacific countries."